In the previous video, I was on an artificial island
where in the eighties of the last century, the construction of
the fifth and sixth power units of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was launched.
Starting my way from the place where I spent the night, I walked past the cooling pond and
the unfinished cooling towers
at the same time telling about their construction and purpose
We finished at the entrance to the building of auxiliary systems of reactor equipment and today we
or rather you with me
will find out what the unfinished fifth power unit of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant looks like
In front of me there is an uneasy task
to tell you how the nuclear power plant operates on a reactor of the RBMK type
My story will only touch upon
the most important aspects, so that some preparation in the field of physics is desirable
To simplify understanding
I recommend that you watch my video on the Live Channel, where I visited
and photographed the operating power unit of Leningrad NPP
By type it is similar to the Chernobyl
I left the link in the description for this video. If something still remains unclear
then you always can open comments, well and no one banned the search on the Internet
The third stage of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was built on the basis of all the same
RBMK-1000 reactors as the previous ones
Only these were the reactors of the third generation. With an improved protection system
laid directly in the project itself and a slightly altered layout of the premises
Because This video will show some premises of the power unit where equipment
should have been installed, so it is important for me that you would understand
how the plant works and what
it was for, so let me tell you about its principle of operation.
Let's start with simple, gradually complicating.
Simple speaking NPP is just large nuclear oven
where running water boils up
creates steam which spins turbine
that has a generator that is spinning as well
generator creates electricity and light bulbs light up
everything is simple, but now lets harden everything
So, the structure of the nuclear power plant includes the building of the power unit, the engine room and a certain thing called ORU
On your screens you see the building of the power unit and the engine room in a cut
In the building of the power unit, the reactor is mounted
and it converts nuclear energy into thermal energy
The reactor is a graphite masonry
in which there are cylindrical vertical channels
as well as supporting metal structures
and metal structures of biological protection
Metal structures are mounted sequentially
and each has an alphabetic or two-letter designation with the word Scheme
For example, Scheme C or Scheme OP
Scheme C - transfers the weight from the underlying OP Scheme
graphite laying and lower water lines to
the embedded parts of the foundation slab
The OR scheme is a load-bearing structure
of graphite masonry and lower water communications.
Graphite masonry, which is assembled in the OR scheme
is composed of columns that have been made from blocks with an internal hole
which are around 2,500
The height of the masonry is 8 meters, diameter is 13.8 meters
Pipes are inserted into the holes of the columns
and the fuel rods and control rods and CPS protection rods are lowered into these pipes after the end of the installation
Total fuel rods in the reactors of the second generation
1661 pieces,
plus to this under three hundred channels are used for rods of CPS
The graphite masonry itself is built inside the metal structures of biosecurity
including the thermal screen and
creating a sealed space in the reactor.
The thing is that graphite is ordinary carbon
And at a temperature in the reactor of several hundred degrees it will trite outrageously
For this, a mixture of helium and nitrogen is pumped into this hermetic space
In such an inert environment graphite is much more comfortable.
Above the reactor there is also constructed biological protection
the so-called "E" scheme and the "G" scheme
as well as the slab flooring, the top of which is the floor in the reactor hall.
Pipes inserted into the channels of graphite columns from below are connected
to the lower water communications,
and above to the steam-water communications. Those. Water goes from bottom to top, if that.
In addition, the reactor contains various sensors
servo control rods and protectors
an independent cooling system for these rods and much more
It looks simple and looks hard
Lets move further
The energy released by nuclear decay is transferred to water, which boils, turning into a mixture
of boiling water and steam. This all
happens with a "nice and friendly pressure"
of more than seventy atmospheres and an output temperature of about two hundred and eighty degrees
To rotate the turbines,
only steam is needed. Without water. Therefore, the steam-water
mixture from each channel of the reactor enters steam-water communications
through which it enters one of the two drum-separators
where the steam separates from the water and is sent to the building of the engine room,
where it gives its energy to rotate the turbine of the gubernator
On the shaft of the turbine is an electric generator,
which produces the same electricity
The generated electricity goes to the so-called OSG
Open switchgear
There the generated voltage rises and is released into the unified energy system of the country
Job is done
Meanwhile, the exhausted steam is cooled in the condenser
remember my story about the ChNPP cooling pond? I was mentioning this condenser
and is fed back to the separator drum
which in combination serves
as a source of feedwater for the reactor
From there, water flows through the suction manifold
to the main circulation pumps or MCPs
In general, the technical specificity associated with
the abundance of terms and their combinations suggests the presence of a large number of abbreviations
so I recommend that they would be remembered
Time will be saved
So that's it. GCNs drive water to the reactor
Because In the reactor are more than one and a half thousand channels
the pipelines of large cross-section, departing from the MCPs, are fed to the pressure collector,
from where they are divided into many small ones by means of a distributor group collector
These are the so-called LWC
the lower water communications. Via them
water enters the active zone of the reactor. And again everything repeats itself
Heating, steam separation, turbine rotation, etc.
Thus, water chases in a closed circle
It sounds depressive, but in our case, it's okay
More correctly, the circle is called a contour
And since Water flows not at will
but pumps are runing it, then this entire system is called the contour of multiple forced circulation
or CMFC
There are two such circuits in the power unit
One for one half of the reactor, the second for the other half
These loops are independent, but in case of abnormal situations, a water intake is provided for each other
So what is a nuclear power plant? It is the reactor itself,
the devices providing the operation of the CMFC, generators and switchgear
reactor control systems, reactor emergency cooling systems
devices for working with fresh and spent fuel,
numerous sensors, pumps, automatics, telemechanic
and much more. Pretty hard. It takes
not one year to study this, so my video will give you very modest initial knowledge
Further in the course of the video I will go back to drawn previously scheme
and talk about some of the nodes in more detail.
In the meantime, let's return to the place where the previous video ended
The building of auxiliary systems of reactor equipment
intended for loading fresh fuel assemblies
shipping spent cassettes,
reloading various equipment that does not require large-scale assembly
and other tasks
Entrance to the unit is laid via
auxiliary system block
lets go inside
Will try to get via it in to the power unit
powerful concrete walls, it is obvious that this place is often visited
Kiev
85
85? 3rd of March
Something very old, but lets move on
As I understand this windows
were made after
stopping construction work, so that taking out metal would be
easer
passage to the spot + 6.0 +12.50
its in meters
that means in 6 meters
above 0 and 12,5 above 0
most likely we need to enter this door
I am now clueless do I need to go higher or lower
But here it seems somewhere below
This place
as you may understand is really huge as it is almost complete power unit
We can even say two
as second one was just started
And therefore I wont capture video about whole place
as it would take few days
and I don't even know what to tell, that's why
I will keep showing for now what I see while going on
Here we don't have ceiling
and we can see whole epic size of this construction
The ceiling is around 30m high
There goes staircase
But I will now go straight forward
and will see if there is no
entrance to machine room at least
or reactor room
Doors of some sort
My main goal is to show you unfinished core room
and machine hall where main
circulation pumps and turbines
as I think this is most interesting and everything else is not so important
But we wont be able to go straight forward
as we get to the trench
below goes piping
In distance we can see, will get closer to the edge
will come. In distance we can see
construction
of 6th power unit that was on similar stage
Not everything was finished in here
This skeleton
says nothing to us
Oh well lets go look for a stair case
I see that not all aluminum cables are taken away
Don't let oiled ends to be scattered around
Construction poster
I see here a stair case
old welding machine
And it seems that we will use
it right now
Saw here such interesting doors that
are local hermetic door
That were separating, had to separate
clean zone from dirty one in case of something
Mark of minus 7 meters
I am clueless where ground zero starts
because I am above ground level as
I am in some sort of room where are such metal
fake floors are made on the beams
While in here are concrete slabs
here probably something had to be mounted. Very large in size
and from above it had to be maintained
Probably some sort of tank. But there is way to many blocks
General view of one of the panels
And just like I expected
and everything looks the same
But somewhere we can see old automatic switches
Stud probably from stainless steel
it seems
heavy
Its odd that its not sold as stainless steel
goes to the box of Non-ferrous metal that are sold in first place
apart from valuable metals
oh well
After climbing one level higher
Saw a window
in metal constructions. And that's
how metal panels look like
sheet of metal with thickness of
probably 5 mm
Were protecting from
radioactive particles
getting in to unfinished reactor
But it everything stopped
And in the distance we can see unordinary view of sarcophagus
3rd power unit
Ach, everything as always, nothing changes
After climbing few more staircases
I decided to take a walk on the floor and came to a huge
spacious room
here had to be placed false floor
racks for cables
holders of cable
below my feet had to go a lot of cables
Here probably was open switch gear
at the output
from NPP
And below
And below is nothing
apart from someones hut
You have to walk very carefully in here as
wont look when turning to passage
and will fall in to hole, gap, or technological passage
There is infinite number of such
Additionally there are holes made by scavengers
That's why
You have to pay a lot of attention so that you wouldn't fall
and be spiked on something or at least
wouldn't hit your head
I came ot the one of the roofs
building of
RCAS. Behind we see
cooling tower where we were not that long time ago
unfinished cooling tower
And that is beginning of 3rd row
Apart that there are inhabited places but to us they are not so interesting
Below us, in front of us, above us
rises a crane. One of many that was taking part
in construction. Behind it as I understand is
construction
of vested fuel vault where
will take spent out fuel from 3rd power unit
as there is still fuel left
One more crane
machine room of 5th power unit
we will go there as well
And somewhere
here is building of
reactor. Now will look how to get inside of it
In fact, I am already at one of the intermediate marks
of the building of the power unit, and not the RCAS, as I said before.
On the camera there is an opening in the wall, presumably
there is a room where the MCPs should be mounted.
I will tell about them later.
In the meantime, I'm moving in the direction of the turbine hall and now I'll go to the so-called Deaerator shelving
Here, in addition to various technological
equipment, steam engines, etc.
The main control room was to be located - a block of control panel.
A place where the shift of the power unit workers monitors all indicators
and controls the operation of all units.
For each power unit there is one control room.
I climb up to the intermediate mark.
There are openings in which the main thing is not to fall
for the combination of height, heap of debris and concrete below and heartless gravitation
, is not the most favorable for my body.
Again we see the construction of the deaerator stack and rush even higher.
Crawl on one hand, because the second
is occupied by the goPro and the stabilizer on the rickety staircase is such an entertainment,
because It is not clear what to worry about - for yourself or for a technique
that can be knocked or dropped, for example. It is clear that I'm more important,
but the technology does not become less expensive from this
In general, as accurately as possible I climb up. And, in the end,
I was fine and even the shots came out more or less good.
That's what technology has come to.
Again the intermediate mark of the power unit.
on the right Side is the wall behind which the
reactor room is located.
And such surprises you can meet in here
that's why to fall through here is an easy task
What is interesting is that the crane was mounted straight on the roof
of constructed machine room
or power unit ( I was right - machine room)
And
so
in such way they saved money on its height
similar now skyscrapers are constructed
And after a small walk we came to
one of more interesting viewing spots
from where from not very ordinary side
we can see complex of ChNPP
Special profile government company
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant
1st row consisting of
2 power units
2nd row from 2 power units, arch
One of the cranes epically fell down
and bent almost at its basement
The noise it made while falling was huge
I can only imagine what caused it
Age ir strong wind?
I think both of this things
construction couldn't handle all
to fall down is long way
And on the right from 1st row
in
The distance far, far away
we can see Pripyat river cargo port
It is very far away from here
Well I spent a lot of time yesterday walking
And to the left from arch everything is covered in
power line supports
supports that are on open switch gear
that as I already told is working
is making transit of electricity
decreasing of voltage and so on
but to this switchgear sadly ChNPP
doesn't give energy any more
And so I decided to look at this gap
First of all I was shocked by this metal constructions gathered together
Did it fell on its own or did
someone else was pushing them down
So I saw such door and thought what if I will go inside
and will see a passage to reactor, but no
I havent seen a passage
but here is what I saw. I will get through
Large shaft
Where are located armored doors and they probably are from the reactor
Hard to tell
In nuclear constructions I am not good
and considering that
in here no writings are left
you have to look and be amazed
shocked because even this
shaft looks, with this doors
that are armored
and go to nowhere, is very amazing
What we saw is a ventilation shaft
The are 4 pieces per power unit
Two identical surviving vents were installed
on the eastern side of the fourth power unit of the Chernobyl NPP
the beams B1 and B2 were installed
on which was laid the so-called tube roll,
consisting of 27 pipes with a diameter of 1220mm
and a length of 34.5 meters,
And again a good bye look at
from this spot
at ChNPP complex
And we move out to look for entrance
to reactor hall
And now the action of looking for reactor began
I climbed via this
not very safe ladder
made out of
two halfs
and one of welding points is
already unwielded. And so
large room. On the floor
is large number of cables
Metal is gathered in one pile
pipes, pipes and once more pipes
It seems that
via them had to
go
heated water
over heated
steam
and near, behind metal construction
we will see what is there
most important is to not fall as this pipes are sometimes rolling
So we switch on the light
and try to get here
To make it more clear to you what I will show further,
let's look at the photograph of the reactor hall of the operating nuclear power plant.
They are all of the same type, so we can take any photo and analyze it.
In the reactor hall there is directly a plate floor, i.e.
The top of the whole reactor, the LAU is a loading and unloading machine
that unloads the spent fuel
and loads the fresh one.
And the discharged fuel, more precisely the fuel-releasing cartridges are placed in one of the two
holding pools located behind the reactor
and held there for two years,
until the intensity of the residual energy release is sufficiently reduced,
speaking in a simpler language - until they stop
very much self-heating.
On the opposite wall, fresh fuel assemblies hang.
They are not yet irradiated, so they practically do not radiate and do not pose any danger.
On both sides,
behind the walls of the hall are the drum-separators,
and below them are steam-water communications of PVK,
through which a mixture of water and steam is chased from the reactor to the separator drum.
Now,
when you can imagine what the reactor hall looks like,
I will orientate you, where I am at the 5th power unit.
Exactly: behind the left wall, a couple of meters below the floor level.
My camera will now be directed down to the place where the reactor should have been.
So. Here it is. In the place that I illuminate with the lamp,
They had to assemble the supporting metal structures of the reactor.
So called schemes known as C, OP and E.
At the very bottom the holes are visible - they are unassembled steam-spread valves.
Under the floor is a pool-bubbler. We will it visit and I will tell about it later.
I'm below the level of the slab.
Now I lift the camera upwards. Do you see where the wall ends?
This is the level of the floor of the reactor hall,
where this plate flooring was supposed to be.
And the room above it, in fact, is the reactor hall.
There would be a loading and unloading machine somewhere.
Well, where I stand now. Those pipes that rolled under my feet,
while I was coming here, were meant
for these communications.
Now editing the video and remembering how I tried to find the reactor
is quite amusing and I am a little ashamed to realize that
I was standing and looking at the place where it should have been
and did not understand that it was there and I was continuing to look for it further.
Well ... Anything can happen
After climbing one more staircase
again haven't seen any normal entrance
but at least took a closer look at this strong
metal joint that symmetrically comes out off reactor hall
One and two
It is made of parts and really not typical
and is emitting reliability
Found an interesting sign
That tells us about doors
Hermetic door DG1 its size
1.6m x 1.2m x 150mm (probably its thickness)
and weight 1908kg
Year 1985
If I am not wrong
Specific navigation inside of the building
of constructed NPP
At what points you can come
Saw the door that had a marking
Passage to marks -3 -6,5
But if you can get down to -3
than to -6.5 you wont go down
as it is flooded
After understanding that I will spend
a lot of time walking by floors and staircases while looking for entrance to reactor
I came outside and walk
by the outside perimeter
And now I am below the crane
And as I see there is a ladder that presumably leads to
towards the place where can be
reactor
Of course I am not good at construction of nuclear power plants
but will speculate that the place where I came is
judging by such a hole
was serving as
place of mounting
of main circulation pump, there should be
few of them in here. They were
pumping water in
first contour. And if they will stop it will be very sad thing
The MCP is generally a fierce thing.
Any eddies and dwarves and even deep-well pumps in the subway are quietly smoking on the side.
They are used at the plant
pumps WHC-8 Centrifugal vertical.
The electric motor of the pump drive eats almost 4.5 megawatts of electricity.
It's like 45 thousand hundred-watt light bulbs,
if we caunt it like that. Mining farms are also quitely resting.
The pump can pump
8,000 cubic meters of water per hour.
So for watering plants it suits the most. The true weighs of the pump is 106 tons
and at a height of almost 10 meters. So delivering it to the dacha will be problematic.
And to buy it in building hypermarkets with them is tight.
There are 4 pumps for each loop of the MCP, i.е.
Only 8 per unit.
Large number of holes but that's for
piping
Lets say
Where I was
previously walking on pipes
where was a large of them. It was distributor manifold most likely
Water was arriving via large pipe and later
was spread to many small ones
Now most likely I am in a room where the lower
flowing part of the MCP had to be
and trying not to stumble over the numerous construction debris
I go to the premises of the bubbler pool, which is
presumably behind this pressurized mantle.
The bubbler pool is part of the accident localization system
at the reactor and is located directly below it.
3D scheme is very conditional, but I hope the basic concept of the bubbler pool works.
The essence of his work is as follows.
In the event of an accident, when there is a rupture in the pipelines, so that the radioactive vapor does not escape into the atmosphere,
it is dropped here. Including through those steam-valves,
which we saw when I was in the room of steam-water communications
and looked at the reactor shaft.
The pool is half full of water
and the steam that is allowed into this water condenses.
The very same water is used as a nutrient and pumps to the distribution manifolds of the MCP to cool the reactor.
The pool-bubbler consists of several rooms:
directly the pool and the premises of the upper and lower communications boxes of the MCP
. Somewhere in one of these rooms I got,
it is now difficult to determinate
After leaving a backpack I
equipped my camera and headlamp, rushed to look for reactor
Pay attention, pipes out of stainless steel
Via such pipes had
to run or be more precise - be supplied
water / steam I don't know
Stainless steel is more durable
towards different aggressive environment
made in NRB
Contract number such and such
Transport number. Weight 2 and 1 ton
sender ISO "TECHNOIMPORT" NRB
Atomenergoexport Moscow
Documents in place num 1
After passing this hall I saw
Mounting place for second MCP
And so it makes it 2 of them If I am not mixing anything
The room that I went
was separated with such specific
hermetic doors
I am walking via different staircase
trying logically to find location of this reactor
Often finding such things
Probably it was drinking fountains
It had a sprinkler and
you could drink and so water there and back
Valve
After climbing stairs to the end I got out
Again on the same roof, I was going there
And from there I came down when I was first time here
And now from here I came here, somewhere I am walking in circles
By the way from here you can see very well Duga
Amazing. I was there as well
Saw guys that were getting in to the staircase
will try to scare them
So guys looking for reactor as well?
Good. Hi. Hi.
You are not in a small number
I am not scared
Msh? Yes, Msh
Hello
Thanks to you we are here
Hi
Hi everyone
Okay
I saw how you were getting inside
And went up
in your direction
This time I decided to go alone
You not scared to go alone? Nope. Feel fine
Outside information often is
very valuable thing. As I would be walking in here for a long time
and would be trying to find where reactor is located, if guys that I meet
one sad thing.
Reactor was assembled in assembly hall
in the hall about which I was telling you
And here it was not mounted therefore
I am now in reactor room
Here on this level of upper layer of concrete had to be
tiled flooring, here had to be reactor
but there is no reactor and this wall was
erected later under conservation of power unit
everything was open in here
and you could bring in additional metal constructions
And next to the floor is located
such far going down pit
had to be holding pools
of spent out fuel
because fuel that is taken out of reactor
for some time doesn't go to storage and few years is held in this pools
in where you can watch very interesting reaction called
The Vavilov effect
You can see it on a photo, interesting topic
That's how things are
at least spoke with people
Because you become wild
There is special magic in alone trip
From one side you prove to yourself that - you can do it
that you are man and so on
Then there are advantages in the fact that you don't depend on anyone
and you can do all that you want, if want to eat
or if you want to go somewhere
you don't listen to anyone those that
are weaker. So you go and everything is fine
From another side, you don't have with whom to speak
the only moments is when I go to internet
and speak via WhatsApp or skype
with my close ones
but
such moment comes not often
As you have to save power banks for cameras
because I will survive without speaking but cameras
Well without video shooting I will be fine but still main goal
is video capturing. And so
I am very happy that
I meet this guys
look at girls and understand. Damn
I am way to long alone
beauties
Kharkov girls . And so
now I will climb to the roof
I found out as there is nothing to do in machine hall as there was nothing
mounted yet, and what was in place
is already taken apart. And most important here is
Roof that we will visit now
on the highest place
And so. I am on the roof of 5th power unit
on the top of it
Higher can be, only, if we will climb on the crane
indescribable beauty. Again:
sight of power units, all four of ChNPP
Sight of 5th
and there sight of 6th, I am charging my power banks as I remember
I think they will be in trouble soon. That's bad
Bellow are people that could spot me, but I was here already
As they say - achievement unlocked
Lets take a look over surroundings
again will remind what is where
And so. Its the machine hall of 5th power unit. where had to be mounted turbines
And other equipment, but there is nothing there
In distance is well know RLS "Duga"
Now turn horizontally from Duga
fast run to the left
Its a cooling pond
the same pond that was cooling a second contour
of all 4 power units
For exploitation of 5 and 6th power unit were used cooling tower
That are located there and one was ready by 80%
and 2nd was in pit stage
Crane with lifting power of 640 tons
assemble hall of reactor metal constructions
where reactor was assembled
Where it was cut in to pieces
including its zirconium pipes, where they gone
unknown
But it doesn't mater. As storm is approaching
so I am going to save my power banks
as its a long way to go
Once in a while thunder bolts are striking
Sometimes even over the head, but while I picked up camera everything passed away
via cost
of cooling pond
I am going and understand that my power banks are doomed
But well, there is nothing much to do
Now will get to my stack
most likely will get rid of clothes and will go for a swim
will gather water
All that will have to be checked for radiation levels. By the way
on 3rd row
background was not horrible
it was around
100 -600 milliroentgens
One place was dirty and had
around 900 mili... I mean 900 micro roentgens
But apart from that everything was good
It looks nice
and it is pleasant that after such heat some freshness came
Most important
now to not get cold
As
from one end to another of stick
is not that far, considering
that its end of September
and it still was good weather
Oh poor guys
they are probably dead I think. but maybe not
Look they are even charging
So that means
sun batteries are not dead
indicators are working
when I am illuminating them
Rain that left came back
It was pouring with unhuman strength and thunder is cracking over the head
5 mins ago it hit somewhere in 100m
It seems that place is
Chernobyl 2 and it means I will have to postpone it
as its not an option to do there something under the rain
For now I am at an old place
will sleep until 3 in the morning. And when will wake up
will see how weather is,. So you will find out about what was happening in next videos
I hope you liked 3rd row
of course this place is enormous
Its a nuclear power plant with two power units. So to visit it
whole in half a day is impossible
but despite that, I showed you parts of it
From above and below that's why I hope you liked it
And you will like and subscribe, shares
We will meet again. Be careful
and don't get caught by rain. It was Msh with you
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