Welcome to the Endless Knot!
Today is no ordinary episode.
Today is an Average episode!
Actually, I have so much to say that it won't fit into one episode, so I'm averaging it
out over a three-episode series!
People often seem to want to predict the future.
I mean, after all, horoscopes are still regularly published in newspapers and magazines.
Businesses are always trying to predict what consumers will want and what the economy's
going to be like next year.
And in Norse mythology, the god Odin was always after wisdom and knowledge, particularly about
the impending Ragnarok, the Norse version of Doomsday, so much so that he even gives
up one of his eyes for wisdom.
And speaking of astrology, it's thanks to that that humans started studying the universe
around us.
It's why we invented constellations and star charts.
But soon enough people started to use those constellations and star charts for navigation.
One of the most influential star charts was produced by the Greek Ptolemy.
The work was originally titled Mathematike Syntaxis meaning "Mathematical Treatise",
and in fact was a work on Greek mathematics with a special focus on the maths of the apparent
motion of the celestial bodies as the Greeks saw it.
No mean feat as the Greek conception of the cosmos had the earth in the centre with everything
else revolving around it like giant glass spheres, a notion first introduced by the
philosopher Aristotle.
This geocentric conception came to be known as the Ptolemaic model.
The catalogue of 1022 stars within their constellations was only a part of this great work, but it
would come to be important to celestial navigation in later eras, especially when European sailors
gained the necessary naval technology to sail away from sight of land into the deep ocean.
But it was due to the Islamic world that the medieval west had access to this treatise,
as it had been translated into Arabic, and from there into Latin in the 12th century,
making it available to Europeans.
Its name had shifted to Greek He Megale Syntaxis "The Great Treatise" to simply Megiste
"greatest" which was rendered in Arabic as Al-majisti, leading to the European name
Almagest.
This is an example of the enormously important contribution of the Islamic world, who transmitted
and built upon the knowledge of ancient Greece, to European learning.
Christian Europeans generally had no access to or ability to read ancient Greek texts
in their original forms.
As we'll see, the Islamic world is above average in importance to our story in a number
of ways.
And this brings us to the word average.
The earliest senses of the word have to do with maritime shipping.
In English contexts it originally referred to a customs-duty or expense over and above
the freight incurred in the shipment of goods and payable by their owner.
But the word seems to come from the Old French availe which meant "damage to shipping"
and by extension any expense, with the -age ending coming by way of a parallel to the
semantically related damage.
And since the usual practise was to share out these expenses between all the owners
of freight on the ship as well as the ship owners, kind of like an early form of insurance,
the term gained the mathematical sense of the 'arithmetic mean' from the idea of
distributing a sum between a number of people, and the sense of "typical" or "usual"
developed from there.
Now the deeper etymology of this word is a matter of some speculation and disagreement.
As the Oxford English Dictionary puts it "few words have received more etymological investigation".
But the explanation that seems to carry the most weight, and the one we're going to
go with here, is that it comes from Arabic 'awariya "damaged goods", from 'awar
"fault, blemish, defect, flaw", from 'awira "to lose an eye", from a Proto-Semitic
root that means "to be or become blind".
Kind of recalls Odin giving up his eye, and in a way this is fitting since average in
its maritime shipping sense, which is the beginnings of insurance, is all about making
plans for future contingencies.
The practise, now referred to as general average, was to share out the losses in freight if
for instance some had to be jettisoned overboard in the event of a storm at sea in order to
save the ship.
The sailors therefore weren't faced with the decision of what to jettison on the basis
of who owned it since all the freight owners would share the expense of the loss.
This practise goes back a long way, and can be found in the Lex Rhodia, a maritime code
from Rhodes around 800 BCE.
The law disappeared after the fall of Rome, but the principle was revived in the Rolls
of Oléron promulgated by Eleanore of Aquitaine after returning from the Second Crusade around
1160 CE.
There were of course other ancient forerunners of insurance by distributing or transferring
risk, such as the 3rd century BCE Chinese practise of distributing goods among several
vessels in case one capsized in river rapids.
And in the Code of Hammurabi from around 1750 BCE a merchant taking a loan to fund a shipment
could pay an additional fee guaranteeing the loan would be cancelled in the event of theft
or loss.
By the way, the code of Hammurabi also records the first evidence of interest-bearing loans.
But in any case the first example of actual contract insurance for maritime shipping dates
to 1347 CE in Genoa.
Actual insurance laws became codified first in 15th century Barcelona, with the first
statute in England in 1601.
Insurance brokers kind of grew up organically from there, and funnily enough we have coffee
to thank for it.
Which is appropriate since coffee is another of those things that Europe got from the Islamic
world.
The word coffee came into English through Dutch and Italian from Turkish kahveh, which
in turn came from Arabic qahwah.
The ultimate origin of the word is debated.
Some trace it back to the Kaffa region of Ethiopia, where coffee was originally grown.
But a more likely etymology is that it comes from a Proto-Semitic root which means "to
be or become weak, dim, dull, dark", thus meaning "dark stuff", appropriately enough.
Interestingly, the word seems to have originally referred to a kind of wine, also dark in colour,
until the Islamic prohibition against drinking alcohol made the word obsolete, whereupon
it shifted over to refer to coffee, a non-alcoholic drink which nonetheless has a pleasant effect
on the drinker.
The drink itself made it to Europe in the 16th century by way of Turkey.
It arrived in England before the end of that century through trading by the Dutch and British
East India Companies, and soon coffeehouses sprang up in Europe, and they soon became
centres of social life and business.
For instance the Café Procope in Paris was where Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert
brewed up the idea of creating the first modern Encyclopedia.
But more important to our story is the coffeehouse opened in London in 1686 by a man named Edward
Lloyd.
You see, shortly after it opened, it was relocated in 1691 to an area called Exchange Alley which
was conveniently located near the Royal Exchange where the exchange of goods was carried out.
As a result people involved in trade and commerce began to congregate at the nearby coffeehouses
such as Lloyd's Coffeehouse.
Lloyd installed a pulpit from which shipping news could be announced, and for the benefit
of his patrons engaged in their wheelings and dealings began to compile a list of ships
engaged in trade which included information about the condition and seaworthiness of the
ships both in terms of the state of their hulls and the quality of their equipment.
That way you'd know what trade venture to underwrite.
He used an alphanumerical rating system — A1 was top notch both in terms of hull and equipment.
That's where we get the expression A1 for something that is first-rate.
At the time, a ship's hull was vulnerable to shipworms, actually a species of salt-water
clam which bored into the hull.
The solution for shipworm was to coat the hull with a mixture of tar and pitch.
No problem for England as their American colonies produced the necessary stuff.
But after American Independence, England was in a bit of a pickle.
Eventually a solution was found in sheathing the hull in copper.
And that's where we get the expression copper-bottomed, as in a copper-bottomed investment—a really
safe bet.
The practise began with the navy but soon was adopted by commercial ships, and in 1777
the first such ship was listed in Lloyd's register, and by 1786 there were 275 copper-bottomed
vessels.
And in case you hadn't guessed by now Lloyd's Coffeehouse eventually became the great insurance
market Lloyd's of London.
So thanks to Islamic prohibition and maritime shipping with its distributed averages, we
have insurance brokers.
Thanks for watching, and tune in tomorrow for part two of our look at the word Average,
in which we'll investigate the history of probability mathematics and property insurance.
If you've enjoyed these etymological explorations and cultural connections, please subscribe
to this channel or share it.
And check out our Patreon, where you can make a contribution to help me make more videos.
I'm @Alliterative on Twitter, and you can read more of my thoughts on my blog at alliterative.net
For more infomation >> Average Part 1: From Coffee to Insurance - Duration: 9:11.-------------------------------------------
RUSSIANS REACT TO FRENCH RAP | Tandem - 93 Hardcore | REACTION TO FRENCH OLD RAP - Duration: 5:31.
It's a hard video for that time
It's the first French video where artists showed guns
First ever hard video
10 years before Sofiane -Something like that
I think this song is from the times of the movie "Taxi"
I just felt like saying it
Oldschool from the 2000s
Boxing!
That's your thing bro
They didn't have Lacoste back then I guess
They wore what they could afford
Nice knockout
Good duo
Beats back then were completely different
They were softer
Beats nowadays are way harder
I think the lyrics were hard still
It sounds like pop rap compared to the French rap now
But it's still hardcore
Will they show guns?
Oh shit
I remember in Mafia K'1 Fry a dog attacked another dog
Did they see a gun? -Yeah yeah
Damn, I didn't see as usual
They're beating someone
Damn!
It's like in the PNL video...
...guy stole the car
Was it Nicolas Sarkozy? -I don't know
I think it was Sarkozy
Damn, they killed someone
I hope it was staged
Some sounds in the background
I wish I understood the lyrics
Motorcycles is definitely a French thing
And see, they have very long videos -Yeah yeah
But I like this one more than Mafia K'1 Fry
By the way, this video kinda reminded me of... Remember we reacted to...
JRR - rapper from Lyon
This flow reminds me of his flow
They're taking down the buildings
It was made 12 years ago
This video is from 2005
It's a hard video for that time
But not Jean Reno
Jean Reno Sauvage
I liked this one than Mafia K'1 Fry
The song and the video are more interesting
Yeah, it's nice
But you know, I liked the songs from movie "Taxi" more
French rap is related to the movie Taxi for me
I don't know the names of those rap bands
But if I hear a song from Taxi, I will easily recognize it
It was crazy when they shot the guy from a shotgun
But nowadays you can see more violent videos though
Salute guys
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Young Yujiro - 金 (Official Music Video) - Duration: 2:50.
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Erkältung mit Husten ✴ Dieses Hausmittel hilft wirksam den Husten loszuwerden - Duration: 3:24.
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2 JACKPOT RAIDS IN 1 Video | ENGLISH subtitles | CZ - Duration: 10:24.
Hello, youtube
How is it going, bro?
How is it going, bro?
Theoretically they could go to our base
I don't think it was a good idea to go this way
It was.
The best
Careful about the rock
Don't go here, I'll manage
Don't get yourself killed
They can't go here..well, they could
Help me
Is it opened?
Yeah, yeah. I can see the chests
I can jump down
Yeah, go
Are you okay?
Empty... nothing... nothing
...and nothing
Can you go further?
There is one more chest. Would you do the honours?
On the right
Nothing again
Take the armor and come up
Put a ladder here
I will take it
But be quick
No!
He shot a rocket here
Careful, he could shoot another
Dude!
Heal
Jump!
Sh*t, guys, no way!
What's there? Tell us, come on!
Don't tell me
Jump!
Cover me
We're shooting
Sh*t, what? Wow
Can you f*cking say what's there?
Full chest
AKs, sulphur.. we should start taking it home quickly
Quickly, come on
They will spawn here
We can destroy it. Here's an axe
I'll take my gear, okay?
Help me destroy it
I don't have any tools for that
Did you see the components? Holy sh*t
Take everything, bring it to our new base
Take it and go
Do you have ammo? I hit it, Black?
I don't know, I can't tell
I hit it, I know
Oh, you're telling me not asking
I hope I hit it too
I don't know. Come up here
Nice shot
Okay, we're f*cked
We have two C4s, right?
Okay, we're not that much f*cked
Let's put four over there
I guess
I'll stand here
Quickly
Okay, let's do this
Don't get in my way, I'm shooting
They have tons of double doors
Oh, loot
Let's put C4s on the door over here
Is there any loot?
Not really
They are ready, so be careful
No, he closed it
F*ck, he must have taken it in the last second
Well, well. That looks like profit.
If this was behind opened door..
Do any of you have rockets?
I have 3
Watch your back
Hello?
Do you have 1000 wood?
No. No. I can go and get some
No, it's okay, we don't need it
The meat
Black, I have 1000 wood. I'm crafting
Yeah, me too. I have 50 seconds. Do you have less?
Don't quit it
How many rockets do you have?
3. And you?
I don't have any
Okay
I had only four
Hey loot it. Oh, it'll probably fall
There is so much stuff
Can I get to you?
Yeah, I guess
I don't want to waste all my ammo
What about me?
He is behind the high quality door
Is Bio carrying it?
I'm carrying it. I. am. carrying. it.
But.. it will be enough. Look
It's easy
If you shoot here
I have two satchel charges
Give me a second to think
If we shoot four...Btw. we need four rockets for the door
There's nothing above us, Black. Oh, there are walls
Yeah, it's all here
Do you have some extra ammo?
Don't stay together, watch our for rockets
Is this you? Wait.. three guys outside!
F*ck!
Go there and cover us
Cover the loot room, there's still that guy
Where are they?
I can see one
I could circle them
That's up to you
But not with the rockets
Man, I don't know which way to go
Do you have any extra ammo?
I have another
F*cking waterpipes
Cover the door, please?
Chest full of charcoal here
There will be the best stuff
Mariox (?) died now, so it's not him
Go away, Starda
He stole my rockets
I have them
Please, Starda?
Here you go
I'm shooting rockets
Yeah, sure
Someone aim there all the time
I am
Okay
Starda, could you give me rocket launcher?
Whatever, just give me one rocket, okay?
Or shoot it yourself
Someone unlocked the door
Quickly!
Nothing. Door
Did he hide?
This is not good
Wait
He must have everything on him
Here's the rocket
Who's shooting with thompson?
No one
Yes! Components
This is kind of useless
Can I keep the bolt rifle?
That's stupid. He ran with all the good stuff
And he's dropping it now
No, he didn't, he's hidden here somewhere
We can dig this
I'll put a stupid door here
What type of ammo is this?
Incendiary
Oh, incendiary
They are still trying, they might still have something here
They know they're f*cked either way, so they're trying
Thanks for the follow :-)
Do you have shotguns?
Dude! Don't do this to me
Sh*t, that hurt
Come on, speed this up
(unintelligible question)
Nooooooo
One rocket?
Yeah, we have to
But there's nothing
There won't be anything
How is there nothing? This is the last airlock
Okay. Should I use the rocket?
Yeah, do it
It didn't despawn, it must be lying somewhere
He's there
He's dead
Yeah, nice
He was despawning! Rockets!
I told you so
Do you have any rockets, Twigzz?
No
I have 9
Nice
9 rockets and 5000 gunpowder
and some guns. Cool
I'm sorry, Bio, I was shooting above you
He was holding to the last moment
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Gipsy Danger vs Otachi | Pacific Rim (2013) Movie Clip - Duration: 4:56.
Torque engaged.
I can't pinpoint it. It's movin' quick.
Keep your eyes open.
Choppers, do you have a visual? Over.
Come on!
I'll hold it!
Vent the coolant on the left flank!
Coolant venting.
Co2 purge. Venting coolant.
Atmosphere loss in progress.
Temperature's droppin'! We're losing oxygen!
Both plasma cannons are shot.
We're out of options, Mako.
Sword deployment.
Altitude actuation offBalance.
50,000 feet to ground contact.
Look, there!
Altitude loss critical.
40,000 feet.
Gipsy, listen to me!
Loosen all the shock absorbers,
Use your gyroscope as balance and ball up!
It's your only chance!
20,000 feet.
Fuel purge!
Now!
Impact alert.
We're comin' in too fast.
We're comin' in too fast. Brace for impact...
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Carrioner obraża NIESAMOWITE RZECZY 😱 - Duration: 3:58.
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iPHONE HİLELERİ - iOS 11 DARK MODE (GECE MODU) GEÇİŞ - Duration: 2:29.
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Soobin Hoàng Sơn - NHỮNG BÀI HÁT NHẸ NHÀNG HAY NHẤT - Vệt Nắng Cuối Trời - Duration: 17:23.
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Astillero - Quilombo // TRAILER - Duration: 4:22.
- Quilombo? Quilombo...
- This year we've been producing a new Astillero album.
It is a record that works with the 'Murga Porteña' genre.
- In order to make this album we looked back into our childhood reminiscences,
Our emotional memory.
The Murga bands passing by my house in Domínico.
Men with moustaches dressed as women.
These childhood memories of seeing the Murga pass through the neighborhood...
Worked as an influence while thinking and playing this record.
- This album both in its music and in its front cover...
(our previous records had black, white or black and white covers)...
Forced us to add that joy inherent in the Murga to the music of Astillero.
Because our music can be quite dark sometimes.
But that joy, however, is like a fissure, a crack...
And that is refflected in the front cover, in the name of the album and in the music too.
- Quilombo depicts many things. First, It has an African etimology.
It talks about something complex and disorganized...
But also about what happens on the streets, that's where the Murga takes place.
- Honestly, I didn't know anything about Murga Porteña.
In Spain there are carnivals as well but not with such a strong rhythm.
And I think this has a lot to do with Tango.
When I'm playing this new music I have such a good time...
From the beginning to the end.
It takes me back to my childhood...
When I danced with the Caprichosos de San Telmo Murga.
It connects me with my neighborhood, with my youth.
I remember dancing in the park...
And it's amazing to express that feeling while playing this music.
- They wanted to call a Bombo player and there was a talk about it.
Let's not call somebody else!
I felt hurt in my pride.
- We had thought of having a Bombo player as a guest in this album but..
- No! I'm the best friend of the musician!
There are moments in which I stop playing the double bass and start to hit it like a Bombo.
I could do that all the time.
- During the rehearsals we realized that the Bombo was already there.
There was no need of adding one because we were emulating it with our instruments.
So, that was really interesting.
- Well. it looks like my plan worked out!
Because they ended up dismissing the idea of calling a Bombo player.
- This record force us to dance while playing.
It had happened before with previous Astillero music but on this album it happens on every track.
- It makes me jump out of my seat!
It's a completely different energy.
- Listening to Quilombo several images go to my head.
Nevertheless, the main idea is one of something dodgy, marginal...
But beautiful at the same time.
This duality ends up being quite interesting.
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黃金海岸去哪玩?台灣學生會做什麼? - Duration: 12:33.
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Lipstick Tutorial Compilation 2017 💄 New Amazing Lip Art Ideas October 2017 | Part 2 - Duration: 10:18.
Thanks for watching
Hope you have a great time
Please, like, comment and subscribe for more!!
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Nie wieder Karies: Impfstoff entwickelt - Clixoom Science & Fiction - Duration: 3:44.
Tooth decay is really a scourge of mankind, according to the world health organization hsk is actually one of the largest health-driven
for the people in the industrialized countries caused by bacteria and fueled by sugar we consume daily Us
to get vaccinated against caries caused the holes in the teeth and now it will actually be possible
How the vaccine works if he is an all purpose weapon against caries and whether finally pesky connection with the
Brushing is now warmly in clicks to science fiction welcome
Streptococcus mutans
Just the name of the bacterium sounds terrible but all who have the teeth already holes know that this name
of the square causative quite rightly so one
sounded scary is the bacteria propel not only in the mouth of those of us very unwesen this with the dental hygiene not
So just take people two to three times daily teeth brushing even then
use dental floss and also still make mouth rinses have not infrequently with caries
To fight but so could be closing for one's research team from China now probably succeeded in what
Scientists have been around 60 years
try
vaccine development against the bacteria in the past an effective drug has already ever be found always
to show unwanted side effects such as inflammation of the Chinese research team
Drew on previous studies in which one he was trying to merge different proteins your goal here
streptococcus mutans
are ultimately prevented from docking to the cell and actually different by the combination of
could proteins, the side effects, according to the current Chinese
which effectively minimizes study but how to keep the animal try where vaccine mice and the rats on the Nose was administered
prevented the developed vaccine in just
65 percent of cases a carius eruption in around half of the animals
Infected with the pathogen could the disease be cured now more tests are only once before the vaccine well
million people could help at the world and not just people in industrialized countries
caused by excessive sugar intake
got carius but also affected in
developing countries because there have the human part, no access to fresh water
toothbrushes and toothpaste
also often lack the knowledge regarding an effective dental hygiene but all who now believe that this vaccine
Us either one again from the annoying
free teeth cleaning is the must I disappoint emphasizes that Chinese research team itself is vaccine only as a supplement to the daily
zahnpflege thought because one thing is certain of
Streptococcus is not the only offender by the mouth to material he is indeed gaining on the surface of the teeth
fix yet he can continue
In and spread the final defeated he is not you, this vaccine
Since I would say not as the mankind to the smallpox has shown it is in a position diseases
Completely eradicate only the texture because it hooks
At the moment because selfishness and stupidity nationwide vaccinations prevented but we probably come through vaccination the target closer I see quite a
will be promising future the most likely time to time by large and deadly epidemic but haunted vaccines will probably always faster and more effectively
found a huge theme in any case each case I'll keep you to
Of course, up to date if you will not miss a video on the subject and also to all other topics then me here
A abo absorbing and not forget the
Close attention to the bell here, continue with super
surfaced bacillus professionals feared pandemic as it comes to a really quite deadly super bacillus that could trigger a pandemic just he was discovered
so do not miss extremely exciting video and click on it and otherwise until then
stay tuned
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【🔴 Archived】 ✔️ PUBG. | ✔️ The Binding of Isaac | ✔️ Super Mario Maker - Duration: 6:53:08.
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Girs. Qış yeməyi. Şəki mətbəxi - Duration: 8:01.
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Lô Tô Miền Tây - Don Nguyễn | Liveshow Ba Chú Bộ Đội - Duration: 5:04.
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Randy Orton 'SICK' Of WWE Booking, Wants HEEL TURN! | WrestleTalk News Sept. 2017 - Duration: 3:40.
Hello and welcome to the WrestleTalk News - I'm Oli Davis.
Nia Jax Supports WrestleTalk As watchers of WrestleRamble will know, I
lost last month's predictions battle to Luke Owen - meaning I had to record a cover
version of a WWE superstar's entrance music yesterday.
Which you all overwhelmingly voted for as Nia Jax's.
Well joke's on you, Luke - because that punishment turned into an opportunity, with
the SwaftNation replying: "Too...much...cringe…"
"Please stop Oli, I can only get so erect." "Not my proudest wank...."
I should've selected other comments.
But none of those matter, because now Nia and I are Best Friends Forever - as this retweet
shows: "NAILED IT!
I mean, the dance moves, the props, that voice...this is pure genius!
Couldn't have done with better myself DOUBLE HIGH FIVE EMOJI, CLAPPING EMOJI, ROLLING WITH
LAUGHTER EMOJI" Nia, you've gotta stop calling me.
I'm trying to shoot the WrestleTalk News, babe.
I'll see what I'm doing that weekend, but yes, I'm pretty sure I'll be available
to perform your entrance at Wrestlema- Randy Orton Wants Heel Turn
Randy Orton was the latest guest on Edge and Christian's Pod of Awesomeness, where the
three talked about "bad physique heat" - a concept about it being easier for heels
to get a reaction from the crowd despite the fact - as Randy so eloquently puts it - they
"look like s***".
In contrast, a babyface is expected to look physically impressive.
Orton jokingly used a fellow Smackdown wrestler as an example:
"I guess Kevin Owens has it figured out.
He started fat and he'll finish fat.
He's trying to get himself over as the fat guy that can fight.
Bless his heart, that's great.
I'm jealous."
Now 37 years old, Randy confessed it's become "stressful" for him to maintain his peak
physical condition - especially with him having a sweet tooth - and he's hoping to use the
'bad physique heat' in the next chapter of his career:
"I love it and I'm gonna use that, hopefully sooner than later when I turn heel again because
I'm sick of this babyface thing, that's for sure."
Technically, Orton was last a heel only seven months ago - where he was aligned with Bray
Wyatt in the one of the best storylines in WWE at the time (although that didn't exactly
have the best conclusion).
But it was never a full heel turn, with the idea being babyface Randy had infiltrated
the Wyatt Family - and he'd reveal himself as a good guy in the end.
And Orton's babyface booking since then has included a critically-panned feud with
Jinder Mahal, over-the-top gimmick matches and a throwaway match against Rusev at Summerslam
last month.
Orton's last proper heel run was in 2014, as part of the reformed Evolution and then
aligning himself with The Authority.
But The Viper isn't the only WWE performer who gives zero Fs...
Daniel Bryan F**** Given Update At the end of Daniel Bryan's first Book
Club video on the Bella Twins YouTube channel, he teased which tome he'll be reading next
- one he presumably co-authored: The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*** by Mark Manson, which
he sets up by saying...
"There are some people who accuse me of giving very few Fs as it is."
So few, I now make that -41.
Bryan is infamously honest in interviews, and in recent weeks he's very publicly teased
his wrestling return in Mexico or Ring of Honor once his WWE contract expires this time
next year.
Perhaps that next book is his way of preparing for the eventual Vince McMahon chat.
Watch me sing Nia Jax's entrance music!
And check out 5 wrestling disasters, which mostly involves stuff bursting into flames!
Click the videos to the left to learn more, press subscribe and support WrestleTalk on
Patreon.
I've been Oli Davis, and that was wrestling.
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How To Draw Halloween Stuff - Duration: 2:57.
Hey, it's Auntie Joy,
and Owl, and Greeny!
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Cómo Buscar Addon ... Open Load Movies en Kodi - Duration: 9:56.
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The Russian Hobbit has left off smoking - Duration: 1:12.
Hello dear friends! This Russian Hobbit.
I have one is not a good habit. I would even say fatal. this habit of smoking tobacco
and then yesterday
After the movie in which I was seen with a cigarette I have received a lot of comments
condemns this
I agree with conviction and I think that this was the perfect moment to get rid of smoking
says Alexei Navalny
we go to the future of Russia. And in the future of Russia, I think that people
less will have various addictions
And I in turn
It bothered about the health of our country I ask you to support the candidacy of Aleksey Navalny
the election of the President of Russia
link in the description for this video
let us work together to move to the future of Russia!
in which people will smoke less and in which we will live better
good health to you!
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