Principles of animation + (theory)
Welcome to our new series called "Principles of animation plus (+)"!
Together we'll look at the principles of animation
as determined by the great creators of Disney.
But first, we'll have a look at that "+".
We'll have a look at a walk cycle.
First we'll look at theroretical stuff on walking
and at the next episode we'll see their practical apply.
That's the prcedure we'll follow in this series.
A walk cycle is somtehing you can occupy yourself for enough days,
by studying it and watch it in action.
We talk about a repeated walk cycle usually in profile
- if we talk mainly about 2D animation - though there are some differences in stop motion.
A walk cycle is determined by two key poses;
Usually these are when both feet are touching the ground.
In one key pose, the first leg is in front, in the second key pose it's the other leg.
The walk cycle closes when our character returns to the first key pose of his walk.
Afterwards, we can repeat the cycle as many times we need.
Before we continue, something basic, theoretical but extremelly usefull;
WE have found that human eye perceives 24 moves within a second.
So, in animated movies we divide a second in 24 frames.
Yet, we can marginally "fool" human eye
converting 24 fps in 12 fps, in what way?
Holding every move for two frames.
So, a walk cycle normal or a bit fast closes nicelly in 18 frames.
Now, we have; In the first frame key pose 1.
There's movi in frames 3, 5, 7,
in frame 9 we reach the second key pose and we're in step two
and then we have movement in frames 11, 13, 15 and 17
before we go to frame 19 and back to our first key pose
and start our walk cycle again and repeat it as many times as we want it to.
Let's go from the first frame, from the start of step 1, up to frame 9.
That is until we reach key pose 2.
In frame 5 our character is in the highest point of his movement
as he moves up to make the step
and the back leg is ready to move forward.
That position, in frame 5, is called "passong position"
because exatly there is a leg passing front.
For the next step, from frames 9 to 18, the corresponding frame is 13.
in order to understand that better, try yourselves to observe your walking
or - that's easier - to observe a friends' walking.
The rest positions/frames are called "inbetweens".
We talk about the remaining frames; 3, 7, 11, 15.
Lets recap; in a walk cycle we have; 1) key poses 2)passing poses 3)inbetweens.
Of course, in a walk cycle, there might be more inbetweens
and then we'll have a smoother move.
Also, frames might be more and we'll get a slower walk
or less and we'd have a faster walk.
But in this educational series we'll not spend time on the variations of a walk cycle
and we'll stick in a protype to get the principles.
Once again, I advise you to observe your walking
oe - evene better - of a friend of yours in order to see te walking movement
and better understand it.
Now, if you're more interested in animation and not only in walk cycles
you can go to "Doudoumis publications" and get Tony Whites "The animators notebook".
It is one of the very few book in Greek on animation technique.
You'll find in this very lesson on a walk cycle.
Most probably next week we'll be able to offer a discount if you go to the publications to get it.
Of course, you can already start experimenting!
Next week, at the next episode you'll see a walk cycle in action.
Until then, take care!
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