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Let's give this bad boy a test run, huh?
What the hell?
Dean?
What just happened --
Ahh!
You're a cartoon!
I'm a cartoon!
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All creator's links in description! :D
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What did you see: Learn Spanish with subtitles - Story for Children "BookBox.com" - Duration: 2:31.
What did you see?
Story by Nandini Nayar
"So," asked Amma,
"What did you see
at the zoo?"
"Nothing!" said Meera.
"What!" said Amma.
"Didn't you see the monkeys jump?"
"Didn't you see the monkeys jump?"
"LIKE THIS?"
"No!" said Meera.
"Did you hear a lion roar? LIKE THIS?"
"Did you hear a lion roar? LIKE THIS?"
"No, no!" said Meera.
"You must have seen an elephant,
swaying its trunk?
This way, that way? LIKE THIS?"
"N…n…o," said Meera.
"A giraffe with a long neck,
"A giraffe with a long neck,
eating leaves from a tall tree?
eating leaves from a tall tree?
LIKE THIS?"
"Long neck? No."
"A peacock dancing?
LIKE THIS?"
"No."
"A crocodile yawning?
LIKE THIS?"
"No, Amma!"
"You went to the zoo today
and saw no animals?"
Amma asked.
"We didn't go today, Amma!
We're going tomorrow!"
"Tomorrow?" said Meera's Amma…
and flopped to the ground like a bear.
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Make America Read Smoketown [An Inter(e)view] - Duration: 13:56.
As I've been raving about this book on Twitter and Instagram
You should know that I am obsessed with The Untold Story of Smoketown: The Other Great Black Renaissance by Mark Whitaker.
It's an incredible journey through history that not only offers fascinating six degrees of separation...
like connecting Andrew Carnegie to August Wilson!
But offers readers an endearing experience that I hope we can all reflect on as an ode to what makes America great.
When we think about the great migration we tend to think of the plight of black Americans from the South into the Northeast and Midwest
Namely, New York and Chicago, but in the early days many migrants settled in Pittsburgh.
Pennsylvania where a vibrant community would flourish on the foundations of
education and enterprise. Smoketown is the story of the black Renaissance that took place in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania during the first half of the 20th century
Immediately after reading this book
I reached out to the author Mark Whitaker, who so graciously
sat down with me and shared more about Pittsburgh's rich history and what drew him to tell this dynamic story.
My first book, I wrote a book
came out I guess about seven years ago, about my
sort of a family memoir, and I was doing research on my dad's upbringing in Pittsburgh, and I
Came across a couple of photographs of my grandparents in the archives
Digital archives of Teenie Harris. He was this sort of legendary
photographer for the Pittsburgh Courier.
But I found these pictures of my grandparents and when they were sort of at the height of their success
You know in business and kind of being part of the kind of social world of black, Pittsburgh.
And I thought, wow this is really cool.
And then I started looking at all the other photographs in the archives and there were all of these famous athletes, and jazz musicians
And I said, wow you know Pittsburgh was really the place you know in the day. I got to find out more about that.
What would you say made
Pittsburgh's renaissance different from that of like Harlem or Chicago's?
First of all, the community, the black community in Pittsburgh was much
Smaller, so one of the things that's amazing about just the sheer amount of talent and accomplishment that came out of there
In the period I write about was that it was a fraction of the size of Harlem or Chicago.
You know Harlem, there was a self-consciousness about the Harlem Renaissance there was a sense, as it was happening
We are part of this Renaissance. There's a lot less of that, I think, in the Pittsburgh story.
What was interesting about Pittsburgh is that a lot of the migrants came
particularly in the first couple of waves
From the northern and eastern parts of the old south.
So from from the Shenandoah Valley, from Virginia
Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina. If they
Their...
Parents or the grandparents, are you know, had been slaves?
It's just as likely that they were house slaves, domestic slaves as opposed to field hands, right.
So they arrived with a high degree of literacy,
Musical literacy, they played instruments they could read music so they sort of arrived with
You know, a lot of cultural sophistication.
Then there were educational opportunities that were available in Pittsburgh that were quite rare. Because of all of this Gilded Age
These Gilded Age fortunes
Carnegie, Mellon, Frick, and so forth
Pittsburgh at that, in the beginning of the 20th century had among the best funded public high schools in the country and
Those schools were admitting black students. And the third was this sort of spirit of business and
Entrepreneurship. It was a city that had been built around industry it attracted black folks who were interested in business
And we're looking for jobs and the steel plants often. They couldn't get those jobs in the steel plants, but they started their own businesses
It features the journalists, entrepreneurs, artists, and athletes who would connect Pittsburgh to the greater American cultural narrative
Exports like sportswriter Wendell Smith who was pivotal to the rise of Jackie Robinson
Reporter Evelyn Cunningham who became known as
The "lynching editor" and was vital to the chronicling of the civil rights movement, to artists like Billy Strayhorn
and Lena Horne who nurtured their talents in Pittsburgh.
But for me the most impressive
Pittsburgh player was Robert L. Vann.
The attorney turned
Publisher turned editor for the Pittsburgh Courier is one of those people in American history where even if you don't know his name
You know his influence.
He was I think one of the most significant black leaders and interesting black leaders
of his era. Robert L. Vann played a
pivotal role in
Two
Developments which changed American history not just black history. So one was that in
Until the 1930s blacks voted overwhelmingly Republican now
You know if you don't really know that history
It's kind of mind-blowing, but it kind of makes sense because they were loyal to Abraham Lincoln.
But by the early 30s he had decided that the Republican Party was taking black folks for granted.
He gave a speech in which he said it was time
For black voters to turn the picture of Abraham Lincoln to the wall.
Essentially he was saying whatever your emotion tells you your head should tell you that the
current Republican Party is not doing enough for us and
So let's just see what the Democrats will do so in
1932
the result was that
Black still voted nationally overwhelmingly, hard to believe, for Herbert Hoover over FDR
but
western pennsylvania pittsburgh in the surrounding area the black vote shifts dramatically
from Republican to Democratic and
FDR's advisors political advisors see this and they say well
Maybe we actually can get the black vote and so once he's in office, he puts all of this effort
Partly through you know the Works Progress Administration and other you know
New Deal programs and so forth in courting
The black vote and so by 1936 you see a dramatic shift. And then the other thing that Vann
You know, was front and center for sadly died. He was only 61 years old in 1940 before the outbreak of World War Two
But throughout the 30s he was campaigning for greater
opportunities for black soldiers. After Pearl Harbor and after America entered the war
Vann had died but his successors
Launched this campaign in the newspaper that they called the double V, or double victory campaign. It was basically
To say to black America. We should rally around the flag
support the war effort
support the aim of victory abroad,
But with the understanding that once that's achieved we want victory at home
And what victory at home will entail is an end to you know
discrimination, and equality and so forth.
And that was really that hope
Was what really sort of you know got black folks to
enthusiastically support the war effort and to enlist and so forth and so on and one of the things
That really hit home to me in writing, researching and writing this book was
That never happened.
Right, so that the hopes
In black America had been so high during the war in terms of how World War Two would change
You know things for black folks. We supported the war, we went and fought alongside
white soldiers, we went and worked in the factories you know to support the war effort and
Afterwards there was really a belief that that was going to change. It was going to change things,
And it didn't. You know, after the war black workers and the factories were the first to be laid off,
Veterans who came home
Were not able to get the same benefits from the GI Bill that white soldiers did
They looked around and they saw in a lot of these poor urban neighborhoods where they had lived side by side with poor
Italian Americans, and Polish Americans, and Jewish Americans those young men and
Some women, mostly men, and gone off to fight, and they had come back as Americans.
It was transformative for poor white ethnic Americans, but it wasn't for black Americans.
And it, and what you see is it broke the heart of black America.
And I think that in order to understand what happened during the Civil Rights era,
And what what then happened in the 60s with the
With the urban riots in the north, you have to understand what how devastating
That heartbreak was. You know it wasn't coming out of nowhere.
The two dominating themes of what made the black Renaissance in Pittsburgh so exceptional would have to be the role of enterprise and
Journalism. Specifically the role that the Pittsburgh courier played and transforming the black community.
So this also reads as a love letter to the Pittsburgh courier in a lot of ways and the reporters
Specifically the women that chapter on the women saying we can't cover tea anymore!
Even from the Aurora Reading Club to Edna Chappell...
and Evelyn...
What sort of role did they play in setting the tone for this Renaissance? So these powerful women
Played a big role in the story of black Pittsburgh
apart from the Courier.
But the Courier became a sort of a magnet for
Women who are interested in being reporters
Initially because
one of the ways
editorially that the courier developed this national readership
So I've talked about some of the business strategy there were a couple of like key editorial moves
they made. One was the amount of space that they devoted to sports. They were a 20-page paper, four pages every
Week on sports and often sports on the front page. But the other shrewd thing is they devoted just as much
space to
What they called women's issues and?
As to sports there was another four page section that was all about kind of stories that were of interest to women
So if you were interested in reporting at least there was a place you could go and they were hiring.
So this whole generation in the 40s of
Ambitious young black reporters went to the Courier, to jobs at the Courier, to work on The Women's.
Edna Chappelle, Evelyn Cunningham hazel Garland and so forth. By that time when when Robert L. Vann died,
His wife Jesse took over the paper so at this point the Courier
Also had a female owner and publisher as well.
And she was very supportive of giving opportunities to these to these female reporters.
The portrayal of journalistic ambition and the investment in that ambition is
Probably one of the most inspirational aspects of this read. Well they were Crusaders.
But the common denominator in all of them was ambition. And this was the thing that I thought was so cool to write it about.
You know because
so much of
Black history, frankly, is really about what blacks have suffered, but what I found so inspiring about all these characters
Was just their level of ambition for themselves and for their communities despite all the obstacles.
What is your hope that when people read this book that they leave feeling with or knowing?
Well first of all honestly, I want them to feel that it was a rich, rewarding read. You know, I mean honestly.
Check!
Two, you know the line from Hamilton?
Is it, "Tomorrow there'll be more of us?"
No, no, no...it's, "Who's going to live, who's going to die, and who's going to tell your story.
I hope that I have told the story of some people who
Otherwise hadn't had their story told
In a way that it deserved to be told.
Even though it is a story about
Individuals, and that's very deliberate, I wanted it to add up to a portrait of the community. I wanted people to come away
Feeling, okay I read about a lot of individuals
But I get the community too you know. It's interesting I write about August Wilson at the end, and one of the things that August Wilson
said about his plays
Was that what he wanted to convey
was
The feeling of black community.
Smoketown is a story of black excellence
Smoketown is a story of American ingenuity and most of all Smoketown is a story that reminds us that it's our everyday
citizens doing the work who make America great.
Have you read Smoketown? Leave comments down below because I would love to keep talking about this story. Here are a few
Complimentary reads. Links to any of the reviews
I've done will be down below. And please do come back when you do read it
And I'll be more than happy to keep this conversation going. As always
Thank you so much for watching. And until next time remember to read or be read. I'll talk to you soon. Bye
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