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Hey there, welcome to Life Noggin!
After hearing how Google exec Alan Eustace jumped out of a balloon 42 km up and survived,
I started to wonder about what would happen if he had been even higher.
How would his body have handled the extreme conditions of the atmosphere?
What if you fell from space to Earth?
Let's go waaay up to the Karman line, where space technically begins, 100km above Earth's
surface.
We're going to jump out of this rocket and find out what happens.
As you can see, we are immediately knocked unconscious.
Brain cells need a constant flow of oxygen, which there's not very much of up here.
So when they don't get that, the brain goes into a state of hypoxia and kinda just shuts
down.
In serious cases, this can lead to seizures, coma, and even brain death.
Also, up here in the thermosphere, we're being exposed to some very intense X-Rays
and UV rays from the sun.
If this alone doesn't kill us, we'll likely start vomiting due to radiation poisoning.
When we get to the mesosphere, which reaches from 85 km above Earth down to 50 km, things
don't get much better.
We're met with extremely cold temperatures here, almost negative 100 degrees celsius,
giving us some serious frostbite!
But on top of that, the friction of falling this fast from this high up is literally burning
through our skin!
This is also the layer of the atmosphere where meteors disintegrate.
They leave trails of dust and light behind them, which is what makes them look like shooting
stars.
If you were to fall through the atmosphere, it would kind of be like you're a human
version of a shooting star!
Next, we'll enter the stratosphere, which is between 50km to about 15 km above the Earth's
surface.
There's a point in the stratosphere above which, your blood starts to boil, around 23
km up.
At this level of atmospheric pressure, liquids boil at much lower temperatures because the
change in pressure of the liquid allows molecules to move more freely between liquid and gas
states.
The lower the pressure, the quicker it boils.
So with low pressure levels at this height and above, your blood boils.
It could also happen with other bodily fluids like stomach acid and urine too!
The troposphere would likely be the least excruciatingly painful of the atmospheric
levels.
In this layer that stretches about 15 km above the Earth's surface, the atmosphere becomes
a lot more rich in oxygen and we can finally regain consciousness.
But what next?
No one has ever fallen from 100 km up, but people have survived some pretty impressive
falls.
Like WWII pilot Alan Magee who survived a fall of 6 km after crashing through a glass
roof which absorbed some of the impact.
Or Vesna Vulovic whose plane exploded 10km up.
She fell to the ground inside a piece of the plane and survived!
Living to tell the tale of a 100 km fall is very unlikely, to say the least, but we could
do a few things to try to survive.
Basically, in order to not die on contact after an extreme fall, you need to try to
slow yourself down and ideally hit something else before the ground.
First, don't aim for water.
You may think water would cushion your fall, but it won't.
It'd be like hitting straight concrete.
Do fall in a starfish position.
Stretching your body out like this as you fall will slow your descent, but don't land
like this.
Try to land on your feet with bent knees.
And as you fall, look for something to reduce your speed and lessen the force of hitting
the ground, like a roof, an awning, or even a car.
Which injury do you think would be most painful?
Radiation poisoning, skin burning off, blood boiling or the impact with the ground?
Let us know in the comments!
And it goes without saying, but obviously do not attempt this yourself.
I want you to be safe.
I know a lot of you watch our videos to "Keep on Thinking," and want to build the skill
sets for doing so, and that's why I'm so excited to team up with sponsor Brilliant
dot org.
Brilliant offers you engaging problems to get you interested, and they help explain
how to break the problem down into relevant concepts, think through each part, and build
back up to the conclusion.
Pretty neat, huh?
In this video, we talked about the physics of falling into Earth from Space, and because
physics is so interesting, Brilliant offers both basic and advanced courses in physics!
I tried them, and they're fantastic.
To support Life Noggin and learn more about Brilliant, go to brilliant dot org slash Life
Noggin and sign up for free.
There's a link at the top of the description.
Also, the first 200 people that go to that link will get 20% off the annual Premium subscription.
If you sign up to Brilliant through our link, make sure to Tweet me everything you learned,
and we can chat all about it!
As always, my name is Blocko.
This has been Life Noggin.
Don't forget to keep on thinking.
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