Walter, you know it's that time of the year, right?
- Yes.
- Time to plan that garden, right?
- Yes, my time of the year.
- I know you like this time of the year.
- So, how do we get started with planning that garden?
- Well, first I would like to just point out that some people always ask
questions about when to plant, what to plant, and all that and there are
some nice little tools out there that help you.
The first one I wanna
talk about is these type of calendars that you see here that you can
pick up at feed stores or, if you're living in an area with a feed
store, or even a field home.
Now, as you know you can go about field
homes and talk about planting, they'll plant you.
So, you gotta look at
that, but anyway, but it's basically the almanac type calendar.
Some
people have a lot of fun planning by the almanac and all of that and
have a lot of fun with it.
So, you know, but we can't recommend these as
a professional, per se, but this other one I can and this is probably
one of the best tools that I've ran across in a long time that the
University of Tennessee and School of Ag have developed a Tennessee home
vegetable garden calendar for 2018 and it even breaks it down into the
regions because, you know, our state is basically three big grand
divisions and it tells you what to plant, when to plant, just all types
of little tid bits, so weather dates, all of that in there.
So, that's a
very good item to have.
- Yes, the ultimate cheat sheet.
- Yes it is.
Yes it is.
And getting back to planning the garden, there's
basically four big reasons why you should plan a garden.
First, of
course, is site selection.
You wanna make sure that you pick an area
that's gonna, you know, have sunlight for at least six hours, a minimum
of six hours.
Most vegetable crops really like at least eight hours,
really eight hours of sunlight to really produce well.
Also, you wanna
get a site that has a southern facing slope because that will warm up
quicker than a northern facing slope.
So, you can plant quicker in that
ground and also, you wanna site that's near the home where you can, kind
of, manage it, you know.
You don't have a long garden hose stretched all
across the backyard or whatever.
So, you know, you have it there nearby
and also, just having it close at hand, I think, also helps with
predator prevention because, you know, obviously, you know, if the
garden is closer to the house, deer tend to stay away from just right up
next to the house, you know, they'll kinda stay away from there.
So, you
kinda help yourself out in that regard.
Another reason that having a
plan, it's gonna help you decide what to grow.
You need to, by having
that site, you may understand that I may be limited.
I may have homes
shading my entire yard.
On each side of me, you know, we have some of
these home that are built so close together or you may be near a tree
line or a shrub line or whatever.
So, you need to make sure you can
plant plants that can tolerate that competition with those shrubs or
whatever and also, you may wanna grow a few more beans in those shady
areas because they can handle the shade.
Also, if you're near a lattice
or something like that, like I have by my deck, I can plant pole beans
because they can run up the lattice.
You can also plant cucumbers
because they can run up and hang and they won't, you know, rot on the
ground.
- [Chris] Make it easy to pick.
- Yes, yes.
And also, you know, you can also set up that crop rotation
because you can, where you had your beans and peas last year, by having
a plan you can come in and plant your tomatoes and sweet corn in those
spots because those beans and peas are legume crops, which is gonna fix
nitrogen in the soil and it will be there available for the sweet corn
and the tomatoes, which are two nitrogen level crops, to, you know, have
that nitrogen there.
So, that will work.
Another reason is, well I kinda
led into it, is the rotation.
If you're gonna garden, you must rotate
your crop groups because it's gonna help you cut down on all your
diseases and insect pressures and if you can plan a spot where you can
say, well this year I'm gonna plant the cucurbit stuff over here or I
wanna plant the legumes here and then rotate over.
That just saves you
so much time on pest control, and weed control, and all those types of
things, disease control even and also, by having a garden plan, brings
me to my fourth point, will be you can plant cover crops.
You can go out
there, you can plant, like, some vetch or some red clover, all those
type of plants that can, again, put nitrogen into the soil, they can
serve there as a cover crop.
That's what they're doing even in the big
row crop situations.
They're planting a lot of cover crops and it's
gonna hold the soil in place.
So, there's all kind of good reasons to
plan your garden.
- Okay.
Do those cover crops have to be tilled under?
- Yes, yes.
You will want to till them under or get out there and, you
know, just chop it up and till it in and let it decay and, you know,
also, if you get, you know, a good winter season or whatever where we
have a lot of freezing and thawing and freezing and thawing and freezing
and thawing, that would kind of help, you know, break, you know, break
up some of that stuff as well, make that soil real good and fertile, you
know, for the upcoming year.
- And what about planting some of those crops that may, you know, shade,
you know, out some of those other crops?
I mean, we need to be careful
about that as well, right?
- Absolutely because obviously if you plant some sweet corn, you don't
wanna have it positioned in the field where it's gonna, or the garden,
where it's going to shade out something like squash that really loves,
you know, that sunlight, that needs that sunlight.
You don't need that
sweet corn there shading it out.
Basically, you're hurting yourself, you
know, with production factors there.
- Okay.
What are some good warm season crops to, you plan, of course,
after you get those cool season crops out?
- Yes, all those of course, you know, your squash, cucumbers, sweet
corn, your sweet potatoes, okra, which is everybody's favorite, well
it's my favorite, so, you know, all those types of crops, you know, can
be planted, you know, once your cool season crops out and that's another
reason you do plan a garden because you can plan to have your cool
season crops as well as your warm season crops.
- Okay.
And again, some of those crops that you just have to harvest
once.
- [Walter] That's right.
- Now, what are some of those?
I know you just named a few, but...
- That's right.
Obviously sweet corn, sweet potatoes, you harvest that
once, a watermelon, pretty much, you know, once they're seeded, they
don't grow anymore, you know, those are the type of crops that, you
know, you wanna put, you know, where you understand we're only gonna
come in there one time, you know, you want that in the area that's not
gonna be, I guess, conducive to a lot of traffic in the way of them
because they like to be left alone, particularly things like cantaloupes
and watermelon.
They just like to be left over there.
They don't want
you bumping all up against those vines, so therefore, you're not, you
know, damaging them by going in there only, obviously, once.
- Once?
Okay.
Let's back up for a second.
What about that soil?
What
about that soil test?
- Yes, make sure you get the soil test.
We really prefer you to do it in
the fall because just in case if you need to add some lime to the soil,
you can put that down in the fall because calcium, it usually takes it
about, you know, four or five months before it's made available for the
plant to take up, so if you can put it down in the fall, you're in
better shape and also, you can add your organic matter there in the fall
and throughout the winter and have that manure and that mushroom compost
that people buy and everything.
You can have all that stuff being worked
in, tilled in.
The earthworms will be going to work...
- [Chris] Oh, yeah.
They'll love that.
- And taking care of business and come, hey, you know come March or
April or whatever and you start planting, there you go.
- [Chris] You're ready to go.
- You're ready to go.
- All right, quickly, what about using fertilizers?
When should we
fertilize?
- Well, you basically fertilize, you can fertilize at planting to kinda
get things, you know, up and going and then a lot of soil tests will
tell you to come back and add, you know, some nitrogen later on in the
season, particularly something like tomatoes and sweet corn, they like
to have that additional nitrogen applied later on in the season, go on
and bump out those yields.
Make you have a lot to give away.
- And that's according to the soil test?
- According to the soil test.
- Well, I do appreciate that good information.
- Yes, sir.
- Thank you, sir.
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