Thứ Sáu, 25 tháng 5, 2018

Waching daily May 25 2018

In this video I'm going to show you how to release your own music on the various streaming

platforms and online stores, by using a service called DistroKid.

People often ask me how to sell their music, how to get it on Spotify and so on.

In order to sell your music online, you first need to get it into all the major streaming

platforms and online stores.

To accomplish that, your music has to be distributed either through a label, or you can do it yourself

through an online distribution platform such as DistroKid.

Many seem to dread the thought of doing this themselves though, thinking that this is way

too complicated, with a lot of legal documents and tedious tasks that has to be performed

in order to set everything up.

That's not the case.

It's actually quite easy, and with DistroKid, the whole process takes less than a minute.

I do understand that some people might be skeptical though, but times has changed.

Being a music producer today isn't just about making music.

You're basically a one man band, accountant, distributor, promotor, manager and your own

spokesperson at the same time.

Many producers even make their own cover art.

Besides making music, the promotion side of it should be your second most important task,

so you might as well distribute your music yourself and then spend some time promoting

it afterwards.

So why DistroKid?

There are several distribution platforms available.

They all basically do the same thing.

The difference is mainly the prizing model, the ease of use and so on.

Some of them will take a cut of the royalties, while others will not.

The reason DistroKid has become so popular among producers is because they don't take

any of your royalties.

It's considered by many to be the easiest to use and set up, and it's also very cheap,

just 19.99 for a one year subscription, and you can then upload as many tracks as you

want.

There's no limitation.

I think that's a huge part of why it's become so popular.

It's fast, easy to use, and cheap.

I should probably mention that even though DistroKid won't take a cut of your royalties,

the various online stores themselves will.

That's just the way it is, and this will be the case regardless of which platform or

label you use to distribute your music.

So, let's have a quick look at how this works.

When you go to the DistroKid web page, simply click the sign up button to make an account.

Fill in your information, and you're good to go.

When that's done, just log in.

All your released tracks will eventually show up here.

Releasing a track is easy.

Just click Upload.

Here's a list of all the stores and streaming platforms it will be available on.

If you don't want it on some of these for whatever reason, just deselect them.

Then, select how many tracks you want to upload.

-Has this been previously released?

… Nope..

Here you can type in your artist name.

Notice how they provide examples on how to type out the artist name.

This can come in handy in case you're not a 100% sure.

If you have released music before under your artist name, it will show up here.

In that case, you'll have to confirm that this is you.

Next, you can select the release date, and here you can also choose if you want people

to be able to preorder or not.

Here you can type in the label.

Since you are now releasing this yourself, you can just make up whatever you want.

Type in your artist name, or just make up something.

The next step is to upload the cover art.

I recommend spending some time on this.

Make sure you use the recommended size and format.

If you're not a professional photoshopper, I recommend finding someone who can help you

with the cover.

For example, there's a lot of talented people on Fiverr who can help you make a cover, starting

at just 5 dollars.

First impressions are always important, and having a professional cover can certainly

help in that regard.

Next, select the language….

Genre…

Fairly straight forward stuff here.

..

Here you can type in the title of your track, and as you can see, again, they provide specific

examples on how to do this.

For example if your track is featuring someone else, like a vocalist, it shows you how to

type it out properly, which is great.

Did I make this song myself?

Uhm.. yeah....

And allow me to sound a note of caution here: Make sure you never upload someone else's

track, or anything you don't have the full legal right to, as that can get you into a

lot of trouble later on.

It has to be your track and your original idea, and you also need to own the rights

to all the samples used in the track and so on.

If you have any questions about this, just let me know in the comments bellow.

Moving on..

Lyrics?

Nope…

Here you can select the selling prize for your track.

Here's the most important step, uploading your track.

Just click here, and select your file.

Make sure it's a high quality master.

Is it an instrumental?

Yes or no..

Next, we have some optional extras.

These are not free, so you have to decide for yourself if this is something you need

or not.

For example, if you select this one, you can have youtube detect if anyone uploads your

track there.

You'll then be able to decide if it should be removed or If it should be allowed to stay,

and have ads placed on it instead.

The revenue from those ads will then go to you of course.

Just select the ones you want, if any.

The last thing you have to do is check these boxes.

When that's done, simply click here, and you're done.

Now that wasn't so difficult was it?

As I said, it's extremely easy.

When the track has been released, you can click here to view the stats.

This will show you how your tracks are doing when it comes to streams, sales and so on.

Here's all your settings.

Make sure your information is correct.

We also have some other helpful stuff here, like whitelisting specific youtube videos

and so on.

There's also an affiliate link that you can use, which will give people a discount

when signing up.

And speaking of which, If you'd like to get 7% off when signing on, you can use the

affiliate link in the description bellow.

If you should ever want to upgrade your account, you can do that here.

Last but not least, we have the bank.

Here you'll find everything related to your earnings.

So there you have it.

A short presentation on how to use DistroKid.

If you're considering releasing your own music, then I recommend that you head over

there and sign up now.

It's arguably the most popular distribution platform available right now, and for good

reason.

It's extremely cheap.

Just 19.99 for one year, and it's very easy to use, and as I said, they don't take a

cut of your royalties.

If you're considering signing up, then make sure to use the affiliate link in the description

bellow, and you'll get a 7% discount, or go to DistroKid dot com slash VIP slash firewalk

Let me know what kind of service you're currently using to release your music.

Perhaps you're using some other platform, and are considering switching to Distrokid?

Or perhaps you prefer to use a label?

And if so, then why?

Let me know in the comments bellow!

I hope this was helpful.

I want to tank our Patreons for their ongoing support, and make sure to subscribe if you

haven't already done so.

Also, check out the links bellow if you need Professional mixing or mastering, feedback

on your music and so on.

And as always, feel free to leave a comment if you have a question, or if there's any

specific tutorial you'd like us to make.

Thanks for watching!

For more infomation >> How To Sell Your Music Online (Streaming platforms and online stores) - Duration: 8:05.

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Here & Now Friday May 25 2018 - Duration: 1:07:03.

For more infomation >> Here & Now Friday May 25 2018 - Duration: 1:07:03.

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Channel Check In #4 | Reacting to Old Book Hauls & TBRs - Duration: 8:39.

Hey guys it's Trina and I'm doing another or channel check-in today. I

think this is the fourth one I've done and I'm a little behind on these. I was

doing them at the start of every month but I haven't gotten around to April's

yet. Things around here have been really chaotic. I still want to be doing this

series every month, obviously this one's not going up at the start of April. I

don't even know if it's gonna be up in the month of April period. The premise of

the series is I go back and look at all the TBR's and book hauls and things I

said I wanted to read in the first year that I started my booktube channel and I

show you that old video on-screen and I let you know did I read that book? It's

been three years, have I actually read what I thought I was going to read? And

the times that I've done this before I then would say well these are the books

I haven't read yet, these are the things I'm left with, let me know which one of

these you want me to read this month. And I have not read either one of those

books. That is just not how things are going this year. I haven't been able to

build or stick to TBR's so far in 2018 with a new baby so I'm just

gonna give up the ghost and we're not even gonna pretend like I'm gonna read

these. I'm just essentially doing this check-in just for funsies now. So this

time we are checking in with April of 2015 and I do have a TBR for that month

so we're gonna start off with that video. >> Hi guys it's Trina. Today I'm going to

talk a little bit about my April TBR. >> This year I did an April Fool's joke.

Obviously that's not really me. I just had my husband give like a bunch of big

books that I knew I wasn't realistically gonna get to, or he actually picked the

books himself but this was just an April Fool's joke. >> My husband's been telling me the rest of

the Game of Thrones series is really good and I need to go ahead and read it.

They're right here. I'm gonna go ahead and knock them out within about a week and a half.

Shouldn't be too big a deal, too many thousand you know, several thousand pages.

And then I'm gonna pick up another series that he's been

bugging me to read. The rest of the Eragon series and that shouldn't be a big deal either.

Just a few more thousand pages. >> Funnily enough, since this was posted I

actually have completed the entire Song of Ice and Fire series or all of the

books that are published so far and the entire Eragon series so that April

Fool's joke wasn't too far from reality. I have read those books too even though

they weren't technically on my TBR so like they don't really count but I did read them.

>> April Fool's! Seriously though, this is my April TBR video. I don't have a lot of plans for my TBR

this month but mainly I wanted to do this video so that you can see me draw

for my TBR jar challenge pick. Read a series finale. I need to finish the

final three books in the Sookie Stackhouse series by Charlaine Harris.

Specifically, these books are Dead Reckoning, Deadlocked, and Dead Ever After, which is the final one.

>> I did read those books that month so that is three checks.

>> The only other book I'm planning on reading in April is The Mime Order by Samantha Shannon.

>> I know that one has been on a couple of these other check-in

videos and I have read it. I kept procrastinating on it that year but I eventually did get to it.

Look at this face I'm making. [laughs]

>> Bye! [music]

>> Hi guys! Trina here! >> No I don't say Trina here! [laughing]

>> Hi guys. Trina. >> Nooooo. [laughing]

So next I have a book haul that I posted that month. This was a book haul and birthday unboxing.

>> Hi guys I'm Trina and today I'm doing an unboxing! Yayyy!

I'm so excited for this one. It's Vanishing Girls by Lauren Oliver!

>> [laugh] I have read that book. >> I have read everything else by Lauren Oliver.

Well not really. And it is signed and - >> [laughing] What?

>> This is the one that's from Nici and there's a couple of things here.

I got Vicious from VE Schwab. Oh that's so cool - >> I have read it and I really really love that book.

>> This is from one of my closest friends Holly.

Oh cool! The Knife of Never Letting Go by Patrick Ness. Oh my gosh!

>> I have not read this book. It was in my first channel check in as like one of the series that I wanted to

read that year or something and so apparently this is when I actually got

the book. This is the oldest book on my shelves that I own and have not read yet.

I just keep putting it off. I'm so intimidated by this book and I know a

lot of people have recommended that I try the audio but the audiobook is

actually not even available through my library's overdrive and I don't think

I can request it either, I've looked. But that's kind of what's

putting me off at the moment because audio is what's getting me through everything.

>> [rustling] Yeah! Snow Like Ashes.

>> I have read Snow Like Ashes. I read that one pretty quickly after this

video and I have been intending to finish that series ever since then

because I did actually really like that book and I just have never ever

even picked up the sequel and I still want to finish the series but you know

how that goes, right? >> My husband gave me Fangirl by Rainbow

Rowell. This is one of my absolute favorite - >> I've read that one. I had read

it before I got it but then he got me that copy just you know to have on

my shelves cuz I loved it so much. >> And lastly, Sharp Objects by Gillian Flynn.

>> Read it. Really didn't like it but that's not what this video is about.

I have read it. So that was it for the book haul. I have one last thing to check

in with for this month and that is a library haul. >> Hey guys it's Trina and I'm

about to go to the library. >> Y'all remember when I used to film in my car? Ha ha.

I would get so many comments from people that thought I was driving around as I

was filming and they were like, "you shouldn't be doing that, that's

irresponsible!" and I'm like, I'm parked. Like you can

see in the windows like the scenery is not moving. >> I just got out of the

library and here's my tote bag totally full of books! The book I'm currently

reading is the last book of the Sookie Stackhouse series and so I went ahead and

picked up this companion book it's called After Dead. >> I did read that one.

It was just like a really short thing so it took like no time at all. It was

completely unnecessary but I thought it was kind of interesting to have that

after a very very long series. >> And then I got these babies. This is the rest of the

Sailor Moon manga, the ones that I haven't read. So these are volumes 9, 10,

11, 12, and then these two are just bind ups of short stories.

>> 1 2 3 4 5 6. So that was six books and I read all six of those.

>> I did to find the last two books

in The Lying Game series which is another series I am trying to finish up

currently. Cross My Heart Hope To Die and Seven Minutes In Heaven.

>> Read both of those. I did finish that series and I have a full series review of it on my

channel. I will link it up here and in the description. My Sara Shepard series

reviews are my most watched videos, like I still constantly get comments on them,

which thank you if you you know like her books or you've been searching for reviews of

her books because I'm really glad that I posted those reviews because I get a lot

of interactions on them still. >> That's all I got from the library today that's more

than I normally pick up at one time. >> [scoffs]

Alright so that is everything from April 2015 that I hauled or put on TBRs in those

three videos. There were 19 books that I showed and out of the 19 I have already

read 18 of them. It was only that one book, The Knife Of Never Letting Go, that I

have not yet read. I have had it as a yearly goal for the past like two years

to actually read every owned book on my shelf and that book has been included

and I haven't done it. And if I haven't read it in like three years I just...

I don't have high hopes for getting to it right away but I really want to.

And I don't know how to make myself actually do it. [laughs] But anyway, that was a

pretty successful check-in. I've read 18 out of the 19 books. Hope you guys are

enjoying these videos and I will see you in the comments. Bye!

[music only]

For more infomation >> Channel Check In #4 | Reacting to Old Book Hauls & TBRs - Duration: 8:39.

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Books I'm taking to Norway [CC] - Duration: 2:46.

Hey guys it's Caz here aka Catsandcamera, and today I'm going to talk about the

books I'm taking with me to Norway. So I'm only going for four days, but I've

got I trained journey to London, I've got the stay overnight,

I've got the plane journey there, the plane journey back - so I'm taking two

books. I'm pretty sure I'm not actually gonna read much while I'm there because

I mean, I have an itinerary, that is how much I'm trying to get through! But yeah,

the travel there and back hopefully I'll get these read. So first of all I'm

taking Fjord Blue bye Nina Rossing. Yes, I'm literally just taking this because

it's set in Norway. I mean the photo opportunities, they're gonna be pretty

good. But yeah it'll be pretty cool if I actually read this in Norway, because it

is set in Norway. It's about this American teen that gets shipped off to

Norway after he crashes his dad's car. Then he has to go and work on a farm,

and then there some God's Own Country (movie) shiz going down. So yeah. This is a

short one. It's only 244 pages so I didn't want to

just take this in case I finish it like on the train journeys and aero plane

journeys there, then I'd have nothing on the way back. So I'm taking

another one as well, and that other one is The Nowhere Girls by Amy Reed. Now

I had no plan on taking this, but randomly someone added me in a Goodreads

group, where this is the group read. So I thought 'You know what, I own that I might

as well take it with me on a holiday and read it' and actually talk about it in

the group, because any groups I'm in on Goodreads I never read the group book.

I thought I might as well actually do it once. So this is about a group of girls

that help out this other girl, who has accused a group of popular boys of gang

rape and then nothing's happened about it. So it's like revenge, take the power

back kind of thing, so hopefully this is good. I've heard good things so we shall

see. So yeah, just a quick video those are the

two books I'm taking with me to Norway. I'm also vlogging while I'm there so

hopefully you'll see some cool stuff in the coming weeks after that.

So tell me down below whether you are a holiday reader. If you take books on

holiday with you, or if you just kind of leave them at home and be like 'No, this is

my vacation I don't want to read, I just wanna chill!' Even though I'm not chillin'

on mine. I'm going to be going to all of the museums and all of the everything,

but yeah! Tell me down below. If this is your first

video by me and you enjoy it, then please check out some of my others, and if you

continue to enjoy them then please subscribe that'd be awesome.

Anyway guys, I'll see you in a few days with another video, bye.

some fluff on my camera, fluff on my camera

For more infomation >> Books I'm taking to Norway [CC] - Duration: 2:46.

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Proposed NASA Budget Includes $10 Million for Hunting Aliens - Duration: 3:29.

Proposed NASA Budget Includes $10 Million for Hunting Aliens

by Lauren Tousignant

� On May 7th, NASA�s $100M �Breakthrough Listen� project announced that an enhancement

to its CSIRO Parkes Radio Telescope in New South Wales, Australia will allow it to scan

millions of stars across the Milky Way over the next 60 days.

The telescope will allow scientists to quickly scan the entire sky rather than one single

point of the sky at a time.

� �With these new capabilities, we are scanning our galaxy in unprecedented detail,�

said Danny Price, at Breakthrough Listen.

�By trawling through these huge datasets for signatures of technological civilizations,

we hope to uncover evidence that our planet, among the hundreds of billions in our galaxy,

is not the only where intelligent life has arisen.�

� Also, a new bill in the US House of Representatives proposes $10 million a year to NASA to search

for signs of extraterrestrial life, searching for technosignatures such as radio transmissions

in order to �meet the NASA objective to search for life�s origin, evolution, distribution

and future in the universe,� according to the bill.

If fully passed, it would mark the first time since 1992 that NASA has received federal

funding for the search for extraterrestrial life, and reinstate SETI into the NASA budget.

The search for extraterrestrial life is getting extra.

NASA and a project called Breakthrough Listen are both making moves to help boost the chances

of finding aliens.

On May 7, Breakthrough Listen announced updates to the CSIRO Parkes Radio Telescope in New

South Wales, Australia, that will allow it to scan millions of stars across the Milky

Way over the next 60 days.

The $100 million Breakthrough Listen project was founded by a group of scientists, including

late physicist Stephen Hawking, in 2016 based on the notion that we should be listening

for signs of extraterrestrials � not just looking.

Breakthrough�s previous effort with Parkes only scanned one single point of the sky at

a time, with a focus on stars near the sun.

But the telescope�s latest updates allow scientists to scan the entire sky at 130 gigabits

per second � which is thousands of times the bandwidth of your laptop�s internet

connection on its best day.

�With these new capabilities, we are scanning our galaxy in unprecedented detail,� Danny

Price, a research fellow at Breakthrough Listen, said in a statement.

�By trawling through these huge datasets for signatures of technological civilizations,

we hope to uncover evidence that our planet, among the hundreds of billions in our galaxy,

is not the only where intelligent life has arisen.�

For more infomation >> Proposed NASA Budget Includes $10 Million for Hunting Aliens - Duration: 3:29.

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Trump signals North Korea summit could still happen - Duration: 2:07.

For more infomation >> Trump signals North Korea summit could still happen - Duration: 2:07.

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Trump says North Korea summit might be back on - Duration: 3:58.

For more infomation >> Trump says North Korea summit might be back on - Duration: 3:58.

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Roadmap to deal with North Korea - Duration: 2:04.

For more infomation >> Roadmap to deal with North Korea - Duration: 2:04.

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Trump delivers rousing commencement speech at Naval Academy - Duration: 11:36.

For more infomation >> Trump delivers rousing commencement speech at Naval Academy - Duration: 11:36.

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China and Japan urge patience amid summit uncertainty - Duration: 2:12.

For more infomation >> China and Japan urge patience amid summit uncertainty - Duration: 2:12.

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Monty O'Blivion (feat. Vermin Supreme) - Western World [Official Music Video] - Duration: 4:07.

Hey, hey, Western World

We've come so far

We got Nestle using child slaves

To make us chocolate bars

But who the hell cares?

As long as it benefits you

They signed a contract with the government

Now they own the water too

Yeah!

Nike and Wal Mart,

We are so proud of thee

Using sweat shop labor overseas

While we pretend not to see

I said, hey, hey, hey, hey, Western World

Pat yourself on the back

Join the army, trade your humanity

And keep this empire on track

Ohhh!

Keep your head down,

Pay no attention

Go to school, go to work

Pay taxes, not attention

Keep your head down,

Pay no attention

Go to school, go to work

Pay taxes, not attention

Imperialists of the world,

give yourselves a hand

UK, Israel, France, Canada

And of course,

the US of A

The free market is more sacred

Than your petty human rights

Pretty soon we'll charge you monthly for

Using the sunlight

But you'd better not use that sun

For your home energy

Because solar power is a loss

For the electric company

Ohhh!

People tell me that I'm cynical

But I have nice dreams, too

I watch the fancy cars of Scottsdale

Smashed into little cubes

Fuck you!

Keep your head down,

Pay no attention

Go to school, go to work

Pay taxes, not attention

Keep your head down,

Pay no attention

Go to school, go to work

Pay taxes, not attention

Step right up, don't be shy,

Everyone's a winner,

Everyone will die

Pay your taxes, pay your bills

Pay no attention to the people that it kills

Pay up, pony up, pay through the nose

Pay no attention to where that money goes

Trillion dollars missing, trillion dollars gone

Ain't nothin left to do

but sing a pissed off song

Blah blah blah

For more infomation >> Monty O'Blivion (feat. Vermin Supreme) - Western World [Official Music Video] - Duration: 4:07.

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Lets play Dead By Daylight / Sea Of Thieves Live gameplay - Duration: 2:51:29.

For more infomation >> Lets play Dead By Daylight / Sea Of Thieves Live gameplay - Duration: 2:51:29.

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Challenge Tteokbokki tower Jenga board games toys! | Xiaoling toys - Duration: 12:55.

Challenge Tteokbokki tower Jenga board games toys! | Xiaoling toys

For more infomation >> Challenge Tteokbokki tower Jenga board games toys! | Xiaoling toys - Duration: 12:55.

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The New Gel That Regrows Brains - Duration: 7:50.

A lot of us grew up hearing that you can't regrow brain cells -- usually after we bumped

our head on something.

Scientists still debate whether that's actually true, but one thing's for sure: brains aren't

nearly as good at replacing cells as other parts of the body.

And when the brain gets damaged by something like a stroke, that damage stays instead of

getting fixed.

But a new study in the journal Nature Materials suggests a way of reversing that destruction.

For the first time, by injecting a specially made gel into mice, scientists were able to

successfully coax the mice's brains into growing back cells and structures that were

destroyed by a stroke.

And with millions of people suffering from the long-term consequences of strokes, this

could be a first step toward repairing their brains, too.

Strokes happen when blood is blocked from certain parts of the brain, cutting off oxygen

and nutrients and eventually killing the starved cells.

And if those cells do something important, like control your hands or safeguard your

memories, that job stops being done — which is why people who have had strokes can have

long-term memory issues or muscle control problems.

While interventions like physical therapy can sometimes significantly improve people's

symptoms by teaching the brain to find ways around the stroke's scar, there's always

a scar.

And for a little while, before that scar forms, there's basically a hole where the cells

once were.

That's because brains aren't as good at replacing dead cells as other organs — many

scientists say they can't naturally do it at all — so new neurons don't grow in

to fill the gap.

Adult human brains basically wall off the wounded area after cells die, keeping new

blood vessels from bringing in nutrients and oxygen and preventing the hole from filling

with the body's structural goo that supports cell growth.

Scientists with UCLA and Duke University wondered if they could design a material that would

essentially take that goo's place and—with any luck—help the brain heal.

What they came up with was a special kind of water-based gel which provides structure

to the empty space left by the cells.

They tried a few formulations, pitting the plain gel against ones with added goodies.

Those goodies included molecules that stimulate blood vessel growth and reduce inflammation,

which helps bring down barriers between the gel and the rest of the brain and allow nutrients

in to feed any new cells.

They gave mice strokes, then injected a tiny amount of gel into the holes left behind five

days later, with several mice receiving each formulation or nothing, as a control.

Afterwards, they checked in on the mice for weeks, both by looking at their actual brains

and by having them do certain kinds of physical tasks.

And over time, one thing became clear: one of their formulations was very effective.

Whole new structures including neural networks formed in the place of the stroke-killed cells,

and the mice mastered tasks their untreated counterparts couldn't.

But, there were some limitations to the study.

A big one is that the mice they used were young.

They were given strokes when they were more like teens than adults, so the experiments

happened as they grew into young adults — which is a stage in life when both mouse and human

brains are thought to be better at regrowing brain tissue, and not the age when strokes

usually occur.

So more research will need to be conducted on adult mice to see if their brains are also

able to benefit from the gel.

There's also the always important caveat that mice aren't people.

Even adult rodent brains seem to be better at growing neurons than adult human brains,

so what works for them might not work for us.

And the scientists still aren't sure exactly how the gel works, so they want to study it

further to figure more of that out.

So there's a lot to do before anything even approaching a human trial.

But, the fact that any gel formulation worked at all, let alone so well, makes the study

an exciting proof-of-concept.

And it's certainly a step in the right direction for millions of people who become disabled

by strokes every year.

Unfortunately, it's not all good news this week.

Because a paper in last week's issue of the journal Nature reports that someone, somewhere

in the world, apparently decided that the ozone layer is overrated, and has been releasing

alarming amounts of ozone-damaging CFCs into the atmosphere for the last few years.

"CFC" is short for "chlorofluorocarbon" -- a huge class of molecules that, as the

name implies, contain chlorine, fluorine, and carbon.

They were invented in the 1920s.

And at first, they seemed perfectly inert, which made them ideal for applications where

you don't want chemical reactions: Firefighting, pressurizing hairspray, cooling refrigerators

— you name it.

But when CFCs reach the upper atmosphere, they're broken down by ultraviolet light,

creating super-reactive pieces.

And those pieces eat away at our ozone layer, which is bad because that layer blocks a lot

of harmful radiation before it reaches the ground and does terrible stuff like cause

cancer in people or harm crops.

CFCs are also powerful greenhouse gases that trap thousands of times more heat than carbon

dioxide.

So they're not something you want in your atmosphere.

Which is why, in 1987, countries worldwide signed the Montreal Protocol, promising to

phase out CFCs over time and switch to less-destructive molecules.

Since then, atmospheric CFC concentrations have gradually dropped while the ozone layer

has gradually recovered.

But a new paper published last week reports that since about 2012, scientists have detected

far more CFCs in the atmosphere than there should be—about 13 million kilograms more.

Concentrations are still dropping worldwide, but not as much as they should be, which is

significantly slowing the progress of the last few decades.

And, maybe unsurprisingly, no one is taking credit.

The paper's authors have been monitoring the amount of CFCs in the atmosphere for a

long time, mostly by catching a bunch of air every once in a while and seeing what kinds

of molecules react with what's in the air.

And they noticed that around 2012, the rate of decline of CFCs slowed, suggesting a 25%

increase in emissions.

They didn't just automatically accuse people of violating the Montreal Protocol, though.

They considered other potential CFC sources before concluding that someone is making them.

They wondered if, maybe, buildings with a lot of CFCs in them were being demolished,

or if the way CFCs leave the atmosphere had changed, or if CFCs were trapped in ice that's

melting because of climate change.

But there's so muchunexpected CFCs that demolished buildings can't explain things.

And also, none of the other possibilities they considered fit the observations, because

it isn't just that CFC emissions in general have increased.

All of the new emissions are a specific kind of CFC called CFC-11 or trichlorofluoromethane.

And we don't know anything other than human production that would single out a single

CFC like that.

So the scientists had to conclude that humans are making and releasing new CFCs again, in

defiance of the Montreal Protocol.

But air in the atmosphere is so thoroughly mixed that, right now, no one can say where

the CFC-11 is coming from.

There are strong hints that it might be from eastern Asia, based on when winds brought

the new CFCs toward an observatory in Hawaii.

But that's about all they can say.

Getting a better idea of the source might require something like measurements from planes,

or closer analysis of any other chemicals that have also been increasing in the same

way, which might provide clues as to who's to blame.

For now, all we can say confidently is that someone is making new CFCs again, despite

how harmful we know they are.

If you're watching...stop!

And if you're not releasing new CFCs into the atmosphere, thank you for that, and for

watching SciShow!

If you want to keep up to date on all the latest news in science, make sure to click

on that subscribe button and check out all of our news episodes that we post every single Friday.

Also, if you're curious about the full history of CFCs, you might want to watch the episode

we did last year over on SciShow Space that's all about that.

For more infomation >> The New Gel That Regrows Brains - Duration: 7:50.

-------------------------------------------

The Spirits of Moon River Brewing - Duration: 23:59.

- This building has had many different

hats throughout history.

- [Shane] Alright, well let's try 'em on.

- I'd say this, the exterior looks quite nice.

- [Shane] Yeah, it does, they've really

done quite well for themselves.

- [Ryan] Let's see why this place has

the reputation it does.

(spooky instrumental music)

This week on BuzzFeed Unsolved,

we investigate Moon River Brewing Company

in Savannah, Georgia, as part of our ongoing

investigation into the question, "Are ghosts real?"

This building has plenty of rich

and perhaps violent history.

- Rich and violent, that's a package right there.

- Yeah, it's all been leading up to this moment

for when the boys come in.

A mustachioed Shane and Ryan.

- Feels good to hear ya say it.

- Sorry to everyone who has to look at that this episode.

Just know I don't like it either.

- It's a mustache town, Savannah.

- Alright, well let's get into it.

Moon River Brewing Company is said to be

one of the most haunted institutions in Savannah.

One of the bar's owners, Gene Beeco, said, quote,

"I have seen and experienced things that

I don't understand and I can't explain," end quote.

Though the brewing company's other owner and brewmaster,

John Pinkerton, has said, quote, "I personally cannot

"claim any experiences that I call paranormal.

"What I often point out is that the scariest

"things on this planet are living people.

"I don't worry about the spirits of dead people.

"I worry about living people, and in particular,

"drunk living people," end quote.

Regardless of which owner is right,

there is plenty of history in this building

that could contribute to a haunting.

- [Shane] So Pinkerton, he thinks this is all baloney.

- [Ryan] Yeah, and then the other guy, he's like me.

If we opened a bar, I'd be like,

"I saw bottles moving off the shelf,"

and you'd be like, "Yeah, it's all baloney."

- [Shane] Yeah, "He's full of shit!"

- [Ryan] I love that he's scared of

just drunk, living people too.

He turned it into a commentary on

how it sucks to own a bar.

- [Shane] He did, yeah, I did like that

it came around to that.

I thought he was gonna say, "I spend my time worrying about,

"you know, fraud and serial killers."

But no, just his unruly patrons.

- [Ryan] You get some of the devil's juice

in someone, you know, things happen.

- [Shane] Yeah, their darkness comes out.

- Yeah, yeah, we don't know anything about that.

Or maybe we do, Jesus Christ.

Is this why you did the mustache?

Did you do something last night?

- Oh, you think this is a disguise?

(Shane and Ryan laughing)

Surely no one will recognize me

with my thick, full mustache.

- [Ryan] The building in which the

Moon River Brewing Company is housed

was originally built as a hotel

known as the City Hotel.

It is said to be the city's oldest surviving hotel/inn,

built by Elazer and Jane Early.

Construction on the hotel began in 1819,

opening eventually in 1821.

The hotel was known as a luxury establishment,

but violence was not uncommon among the hotel bar patrons,

especially as it was often frequented by

hotheaded politicians and businessmen.

In 1832, one troubling incident of violence occurred

with a belligerent lobby bar patron named James Stark.

Stark was bad-mouthing the local doctor, Philip Minis.

The feud between the two had been said to be ongoing

and reports suggest Stark's verbal attack on Minis

included anti-Semitic barbs, as Minis was Jewish.

Stark also accused the doctor of being a coward,

which reportedly set the doctor over the edge.

Stark allegedly reached into his pocket,

and Minis reacted by drawing his gun

and killing Stark first.

Minis was charged with, quote,

"Justifiable homicide," end quote, as it was a,

quote, "Affair of honor," end quote.

Stark was reportedly seen as a town troublemaker

and some have posited that Minis got off so easy

because of Stark's unpopularity with the locals.

Much of the ghost activity, including people

being pushed inside the brewery, has since been

attributed to Stark's vengeful ghost.

This is where we're gonna find Mr. James Stark.

- [Shane] The a-hole.

- [Ryan] The a-hole, correct.

He was shot right around this area, right here.

- [Shane] Oh, right here.

Yeah, this looks like a good place for a duel.

- He was an anti-Semite so, like I said,

this guy was kind of a dildo.

I think we should reach out to him right about here.

This is where we'll find him.

Alright, well Mr. Stark,

we've traveled a long way to see you.

- Well, I didn't come here just for him.

- We didn't come here just for you,

don't flatter yourself, but my name's Ryan.

- My name's Shane and we're the Ghoul Boys.

- Yeah, we're the Ghoul Boys and we hear

that you were kind of a dick.

- That's a very light way of putting it.

- Yeah.

- You didn't get along with your doctor.

He's just trying to look out for you.

Their job is to make sure you live

and your doctor killed you.

- Yeah.

- What kinda asshole do you have to be?

That violates the Hippocratic Oath.

- It does.

I haven't read the oath myself but I'm pretty sure

shooting somebody is against the oath.

- I don't think they even put it in there.

They don't say, "Hey, by the way, don't shoot your patient."

- Anyways, James, now that we've really gone in on you,

I hear that a woman was pushed down this set of stairs.

It's not conclusive that it was you.

- Stairs are tricky.

- So why don't you go ahead and push us?

- Push me, I'm right here.

I'm very top heavy so you just give it a slight push.

- How about it, James, you got anything to say?

James Stark, that's who we're reaching out

to right now, are you here?

Gonna give you some silence to show us

that you're here and that you want to talk.

You could say something, you could move something.

How about it, James?

Alright, James, so if you don't wanna talk

to us right now I'm gonna bring out something

that's really gonna piss you off.

- You're gonna hate it.

This is the one time that I'm glad we're using this

'cause guess what, James, this sucks.

This thing's fucking stupid, James.

If you thought getting shot was bad,

wait 'til you hear our spirit box.

- Ah!

Alright, James or any spirits who haunt this floor,

who's up here with us?

Me.

- Oh, I thought it said James.

- My name's Ryan, that's Shane.

Can you say our names back to us if you wanna talk?

Right now we're reaching out to James Stark specifically.

Mr. Stark, do you have anything that you wanna say to us?

Use this device to talk to us.

- Never.

- Why not?

We're not here to hurt you, we just wanna talk.

- Blue diamond.

- Go.

What's the name of this building?

I'm gonna ask that again, what's the name of this building?

- What city are we in?

- I'm turning it off.

Alright, James, we're moving to a different

part of the building, you didn't wanna talk to us.

We're gonna be around, though, so,

you know, you know where to find us.

We're gonna be down the hall.

- Feel free to really pound us.

- Yeah, or go fuck yourself, how 'bout that?

- Yeah, either, or, up to you, dickbag.

- [Ryan] In the mid-1800s, violence escalated

because of the many Northern guests

and political tensions at this time.

There were allegedly violent outbursts

between locals and hotel visitors.

Reportedly, in 1860, a Northerner

visiting from New York named James Sinclair

was lynched and nearly killed by locals,

who resented his presence in town.

- [Shane] What year was this?

- [Ryan] This was 1860, around the time of the Civil War.

- [Shane] I feel like you should read the room

when you're making vacation plans during the Civil War.

- [Ryan] If you are a white dude like this guy was,

I'm gonna assume you could just go wherever you want,

just don't start saying, "I fucking hate the South.

"I'm from the North."

- "I'm a yankle-doodle dandy, oh!"

(Ryan laughing)

- [Ryan] The hotel closed in 1864 at the onset of

the Civil War allegedly because the violence between

the guests and the locals had reached a tipping point.

Tour guides today actually warn guests to not

taunt the ghosts too much, as they may become violent.

- [Shane] I find that the places that people

consider most scary out of all these places we go to,

you're bathed in darkness, it's usually very quiet,

I find it relaxing.

- [Ryan] I don't know, people are normally just

scared of very dark, decrepit places.

- [Shane] I was born in the darkness.

- [Ryan] Oh my God, did you just quote Bane?

- [Shane] Yeah.

I did, it's fun.

- Is there anybody here who's upset about

what happened to them in this hotel that wants to

talk to us right now 'cause we'll hear you out.

We're not here to hurt ya.

I know this guy's mustache suggests otherwise.

- You don't have to bring up the mustache.

- It's creepy, I get it.

- I probably look like a lot of your friends.

- That's probably true, actually.

Oh, is that what this is, you committed to the role?

- I did this for the ghost hunting.

- Yeah, that's what you did it for?

- Yes, I'm a paranormal investigator

and I take my job seriously.

- Weird, I remember you saying that,

"Oh, I was shaving my face and then I stopped."

- Well, I did, that's just a play-by-play of what happened.

- It's the reason you stated before,

but okay, now it's because you're a

serious paranormal investigator, I get it.

- Oh, hello there, ma'am.

Aren't you sweeter than a dewdrop?

Why you look finer than honey butter on a June afternoon.

- Did you just whisper?

- No.

Did I get a whisper?

- Yeah, you did.

- It's me, Banjo, your old pal from the bank.

I saw you strolling with your son, Bradley.

- Who is that?

Those are people, right?

I mean, they have to be people, they're so God damn clear.

- I don't hear people.

- If anybody was talking can you talk again?

Oh God, I'm gonna have to ask you to

say that in that stupid voice.

- Would any of y'all like to pull up a chair

and join me in some conversation?

Like a cat on a hot tin roof.

- Well, we're gonna leave now.

We're gonna go to a different part of the building.

- Thank you kindly.

- During the Civil War, the hotel served

as a Confederate hospital, sometimes referred

to as the River Battery Hospital.

Some say the building was used as a hospital

for soldiers from both the North and the South.

So now we're heading up to the fourth floor.

Definitely one of the more active areas of this bar,

this is where the hospital used to be.

- [Shane] Oh, okay.

- So yellow fever patients, mostly children,

and of course Civil War soldiers.

- [Shane] Okay.

- We already had our static cam set up here

so that's been recording all night.

This seems like a good place to turn off our lights

because it truly is dark in here.

- [Shane] Okay, you wanna kill 'em?

- Why don't we do that and then we'll reach out.

If there's anybody up here you could say something.

- [Shane] You could scream.

- Bang on something.

There are rumors that this was a Confederate hospital.

You have anything to say about that?

You angry you lost the war, you lost your life?

I get it.

Are there any kids up here?

Sorry we scared you before.

- [Shane] Yeah, we're fun, we're nice guys.

- I know you're sick.

Do you wanna play?

It doesn't matter to us you got the yellow fever,

we got it too.

- [Shane] We got it too?

That's a weird thing to say.

- Yeah, I know, it felt weird.

- I feel like this season you've gotten very aggressive

with the ghosts in a way that maybe betrays your belief.

- How is that?

- I feel like if you truly believed in them

you'd be a little more respectful.

- Imagine you went to lunch with someone

and the whole time you're like, "Oh, so how was your day?

"How'd you get here?

"You got stuff to do after this?"

- To be fully accurate here,

you'd have to be sitting at a table alone,

staring at no one, asking 'em questions.

- Well, I'm comparing it because ghosts to me are people,

so then it would be, to me, like going on an outing

with somebody and the whole time they say nothing.

Eventually you're gonna go, like, "Hey!"

- "What the fuck's wrong with you?"

- "What's the deal here?"

Over time, the building would become

a coal and lumber warehouse, a supply store,

and now, in present day, Moon River Brewing Company.

Let's go over some of the other hot spots of the building.

The restaurant area is said to be a place where

servers report being touched or pushed by unseen figures

and bottle/silverware have reportedly been seen

being pushed off of tables by unknown forces.

Startlingly, the apparition of a woman from the 1800s

was spotted walking across the crowded bar.

A bartender thought she was an actress

or a re-enactor about to order a drink;

however, she disappeared in front of

his eyes as she reached the bar.

There were reportedly many other witnesses

to this incident and as she disappeared,

it's reported a hush fell over the room.

- Here we are in the restaurant now.

- We hear that somebody likes to walk around down here.

We're walking around too, just exploring.

I wanna know why you're still here.

Little girl?

- [Shane] What'd you do?

- Dropped my headphones.

- Did you drop them or did they get--

- No, I dropped them.

We'll do a quick flashlight,

what if I pan my flashlight over there and there's a face?

- [Shane] Why would you think that would happen?

- I don't know, worth a shot.

That same woman has also been seen

on the top of the first floor stairs.

She was spotted by a manager who reportedly

asked her if he could help her,

which startled her and then she vanished.

I'm gonna go to the top of the stairs.

- Okay, good luck.

- It'd be really unfortunate if someone

snuck up on me right now.

- Push him as hard as you can.

- You could do that if you want.

- Make him tumble.

- Rock me down these stairs.

- Push him down the stairs.

- Look, I'll make myself an easier target.

- Ryan, yell "show me the money".

- What do you even mean, why am I doing that?

Why am I quoting Jerry Maguire?

- Well the money is like the,

you know, metaphorical evidence.

- Alright, show me the money!

Let's go!

Come on.

- What the fuck are you doing?

- I'm dancing.

They don't like my dancing, do you like the dancing?

- It's not great.

- Give me the business, come on.

- Give me the business.

- Come on, give me the business,

give me the business, business.

This has been fun.

- This is a very serious ghost investigation.

(Ryan laughing)

- [Ryan] There was one well-known ghost who they call Toby,

who is often seen in the basement.

Some have referred to him as a negative spirit,

while current staff have characterized him as a young boy.

A bartender has also seen a shadowy black figure

emerge from the wall.

In this spot, one local woman was attacked.

She recalled the incident, saying that she was

alone in the back room in the basement when she

felt someone choking her and pushing her backward.

One prominent paranormal investigator reported

being momentarily possessed in this particular room.

Could this dark figure be Toby?

Hey, Toby.

Toby, what's down in this basement?

Why do people feel so oppressed down here?

- Toby, are you actually Lucifer?

- Is there actually a boy named Toby down here?

People say they see you.

We're here just to talk, we wanna play actually.

- Yeah.

- Wanna come play with us?

- If you don't you're gonna be in big trouble.

Tobester?

- Can you move something to show us you wanna play?

- What's Toby doing hanging around the basement of a bar?

- Why are you down here, Toby?

- Why are you down here, Toby?

What are you doing down here?

- Why do you choose to stay down here?

- Doing some weird Hardy Boys stuff?

- Especially if there's something dark down here,

why are you here?

Is there something down here that scares you?

What was that?

- So much moving around.

- Maybe you're intimidated by the both of us

so we're gonna split up.

We're gonna investigate this one by one.

- What do you think of that?

- And you could do whatever you want to us, I guess.

- You could really fuck with us then.

Alright, I'm down here in the basement now,

all by my lonesome.

Where'd my Toby go?

Tobester.

Tobester.

I know there are rules here.

- I'm gonna be honest, this may be famous last words,

but I'm not very scared of what's down there.

- I think sometimes there's value to darkness,

so I'm just gonna turn off my light and sit here.

Stare down at this empty room.

Maybe someone will see that as an invitation,

maybe a dark entity in general would like to possess me.

I'm a pretty good candidate.

Come on.

- Wouldn't it be crazy if Shane comes back up

and he's like, "I saw a fucking ghost."

- Don't be afraid of my mustache, Toby.

- Is the series over then, is that the end of Unsolved?

- Come on.

I've only got a couple more minutes, guys.

Shit or get off the pot.

- Five minutes is a long time for something to

happen to me down there without Shane realizing it.

I could've been choked to death by then.

- No, nothing, okay.

- [Ryan] How was it?

- What?

- [Ryan] How was it?

- It was great.

- What if you call out for me down there,

I don't respond and when you find me,

I'm just standing in the corner?

- I'm gonna close the door and leave.

- You would just leave me?

- Yeah.

- Why?

- If you're possessed we're not taking you home.

- [Ryan] Well, this is kinda horrifying.

I don't like it, don't like it one bit actually.

- I felt nothing down there.

To be fair, I feel nothing everywhere we go,

but this place more so than usual.

Will Ryan have better luck?

Maybe, he's insane.

- Alright.

Who's down here in this basement?

Huh?

Who?

Did I hear Toby?

Who's down here in this basement?

My name's Ryan, can you say Ryan back?

You use this device to talk to me.

Or show yourself, I guess.

What was that?

Is there anybody down here with me?

Looks like this ain't working.

Gonna go straight EVP now.

- I don't know, Ryan's been a little too confident tonight.

I think it doesn't suit him.

It's obviously annoying when he walks around being,

"Oh, there's stories about floating candlesticks,"

but when the pendulum swings in the other direction

he's pretty insufferable.

So I think we much prefer terrorized Ryan.

Will the basement put him in his place?

It solely depends on how much he gets in his own head

because his mind is his own worst enemy.

And it's my greatest ally.

- Who's down here in this basement

and why do you haunt this basement?

What happened to you?

Toby, are you actually a little boy?

Do I wanna know the answer to that question?

Gonna turn my light off, here we go.

Anybody down here with me?

I'm not here to hurt you, I just wanna talk.

I hear people see you all the time.

I've got the chills right now, actually.

So I wonder if that means anything.

Why do you hurt people?

Fuck, man.

Who's down here with me?

Why do I feel like I'm being watched?

Oh, boy.

Who's down here?

- That's your time, Ryan.

- That's my time?

I feel like you extended my time again.

- I think that's healthy for you.

Did you get all worked up down there?

- A little bit.

- Did you?

Oh, hey.

I'm pretty pissed we didn't get to hang out with Toby.

- I'm a little glad we didn't get to hang out with Toby,

but yeah, in the long run I'm probably angry

we didn't get to hang out with Toby.

Another investigation in the books.

What do you gotta say about this one?

- We fuckin' nailed it.

- [Ryan] Moon River Brewing Company has

plenty of rich history as a hotel and a hospital.

After numerous accounts of paranormal activity,

it's not a far stretch to say that some

patrons and patients never checked out,

but whether or not Moon River Brewing

is definitely haunted will remain unsolved.

(spooky instrumental music)

For more infomation >> The Spirits of Moon River Brewing - Duration: 23:59.

-------------------------------------------

الراجل أسهل ما كاين - لمارياج - الحلقة 9 - رمضان 2018 - سارة و أبوجاد - Duration: 0:42.

For more infomation >> الراجل أسهل ما كاين - لمارياج - الحلقة 9 - رمضان 2018 - سارة و أبوجاد - Duration: 0:42.

-------------------------------------------

JDM VIP Nissan Y31 Cima at an American Classic Car Show- Junction Produce - Duration: 8:14.

Hi Everyone! I'm Steve with Steve's POV.

Today there is a local car show...

Local car shows here usually have mostly American classics and muscle cars...

and a lot of old guys too!!

That's exactly why I am bringing the Nissan Cima to the event!!

What kind of reaction will it bring?

I'm excited to find out!

This car continues to amaze me all the time.

The steering wheel on this car is the coolest thing!

The fact the center stays stationary and the wheel around it spins is cool!

I can't recall another car with a steering wheel quite like this...

Let's get going!!

There are a couple of noticeable differences between car life in Japan and America...

Whenever I drive in a car in Japan...

I always notice that Japanese keep their gas tanks almost full all the time!

Americans are different... and not just about gasoline in their tanks...

We usually have just enough gas to get to where we want to go....

Even now I'm near empty on this car!!

At least the gas light isn't on yet but it will be soon!!

A lot of Americans run their gas tanks right down to the last gallon!

It's probably best not to drive your car that close to empty...

especially with old cars...

Old car's gas tanks usually have years of dirt and grime built up inside...

if you let the gas go down near empty, chances are you are gonna suck up that dirt too!

This can cause fuel related engine problems for sure...

Another big difference between JDM and American cars is the back up (reverse) sound!

Japanese cars in Japan always seem to beep when in reverse.

That backup warning sound is common in Japan but not on cars in the US.

Even Japanese cars in the USA don't make that sound...

I don't recall hearing a reverse warning sound on a 4 wheeler here before...

Similar to that is the speed warning sound as well...

at 105 km/h this things chimes over and over again!

It is annoying as heck!

I've said it before, a luxury car should be able to go a lot faster than 105 km/hr before warning sounds like that!

The turbo is so smooth on this car!

This Vip car has a lot of power and it sounds good too!

I just got to the local show...

as I was pulling in the guy at the entrance told me there was another JDM right hand drive car here..

and he was right!!

A local guy owns this R32 Skyline GT-R.

Besides that one car, its all American at this show!

A local cop came up to me before and asked, "what kind of car is that?"

I told him and he said he never saw one before...

he asked if it was a Toyota!?!?

No, I explained, this is a Nissan....

but I own a JDM Toyota RHD too and one of your police buddies pulled me over in it the other day!!! LOL

Not sure if he found that as funny as I did!

Anyway, lets walk around and see what kind of cars come to a local area car American car show!

It wasn't a huge event but it is a local event...

and I believe it is important that we support our local car communities.

These are people you will always see around town and its good to foster a sense of community with them.

You can make new friends at an event like this too!

I enjoy showing off this kind of Japanese car culture to Americans who never saw it before.

I hope my efforts will have some effect on spreading unique Japanese car culture even further in the USA.

Please subscribe to my channel!

I'm Steve, signing off from an American Local Car Show!!

For more infomation >> JDM VIP Nissan Y31 Cima at an American Classic Car Show- Junction Produce - Duration: 8:14.

-------------------------------------------

Where Did Birthday Cake Really Come From? - Duration: 8:03.

- Why do we put candles on birthday cake?

Hi, there, I'm Aria and I love birthdays.

- Hi, I'm Ray and I love to bake cakes.

- And today, we're going to talk about

the history of birthday cake.

(celebratory instrumental music)

Happy birthday, Ray!

- This is weird, Aria.

- So it's not your birthday?

- Yes.

- Or because on a base level it's a little

odd that to celebrate you emerging from

your mother's womb you expect a

beautifully decorated pastry to be set on fire.

- Because it's not my birthday.

- Great question, Ray, how did birthday cakes

become the tradition that they are today?

I have a story for you.

- You know it isn't my birthday.

- [Aria] Apart from democracy and a

whole bunch of philosophers,

we can also thank the ancient Greeks

for the first burning cakes.

Greeks would make round cheesecakes

as offerings to the goddess of the moon, Artemis.

They then put candles on the cake,

both because they thought fire could

send good intentions to the gods

and so the cakes would glow like the moon.

Isn't that such a nice thought?

- It's nice, seems like a lot of work.

You know, some religions, they just light a candle on fire.

You know, be like, "Cool, we're done."

- I feel like it's a lot of effort

to get a prayer out, honestly.

- Little bit.

- [Aria] And while that is believed to be

the birth of the flaming cake,

it wasn't to celebrate anyone's birthday.

One reason was because, well,

no one knew when anyone was born.

The practice of recording birthdays

wouldn't become popular until the Christian church

began doing so in the medieval period.

The tradition of throwing birthday parties

for children may date back to Germany in the 1400s.

They were called Kinderfests or, literally, children party.

Germans believed children were particularly susceptible

to evil spirits on their birthdays and that candles

on the cake would transport their wishes to God.

Families and friends kept the candles lit all day,

keeping watch until after the evening meal,

when the cake would be served.

- Imagine being, like, just a horrible older sibling

and you just, like, "I want my younger sibling

"to just have a bad birthday, I'm gonna make sure

"that their birthday candle's gonna be off."

- Man, that's sadistic.

Foreshadowing the amount of attention

birthdays demand today,

in 1746 German Count Ludwig von Zinzendorf

celebrated his birthday with a giant cake

on a table in the shape of an L for Ludwig.

The cake had holes bored into it according to

the person's age and to place the candles into.

Oh, and he also had his name spelled out

in two-foot-tall golden letters.

How basic.

- I feel like your measurements are a little off.

- Yeah, I wouldn't say this is to scale,

but I think if you squint a little bit

it can look pretty big.

Squint, use your imagination.

If I look at it through my fingers,

it looks pretty big to me.

This tradition made its way to America

when large numbers of Germans emigrated

to Pennsylvania during the colonial period.

American women became more prolific bakers

than their European counterparts

due to the relative absence of bakeries

and abundance of oven fuel; aka, trees.

The cakes they were making, however,

were still pretty lame by today's standards.

Fruit cakes and yeasty, rich cakes, gross.

What we think of cake couldn't emerge

until British chemist Alfred Bird combined

sodium bicarbonate and cream of tartar.

Baking powder, well an early version anyway.

Finally, cakes could rise without yeast and achieve

a level of light fluffiness that had previously

been extremely difficult and time-consuming.

- This is definitely something closer to

what I would bake currently.

It's lighter and it's less of a bread loaf.

Less hockey puck-like.

Yeah, pretty different.

- [Aria] Not long after, more festive

decorations and frostings became popular.

Back then, cookbooks included recipes for

colored frostings made from parsley and beets, yum.

We should try it, I'm gonna try it though.

Let's just try it.

That's actually really good, wow.

- It is, I'm not mad at that.

- That tasted good so who knows.

- It's a chunky-looking green.

I don't know how I'm gonna feel.

- Whoa, whoa, no, that really tastes like parsley.

Yeah, the texture of the parsley, you can feel.

- It's like a wheat grass shot poured into frosting.

- That's messed up, that's messed up, that's sadistic.

- That one we could burn.

- [Aria] Light, fluffy cakes with candles

and colored frosting were given out on birthdays.

Sounds like the birthday cake we all know and love, right?

Not quite yet.

While it was popular to have writing on cakes

in the late 1800s they would say things

like the person's name along with,

"Many happy returns of the day," catchy.

- It's a lot to write on a cake.

- Yeah, so too much effort for me.

- So they didn't write happy birthday.

- No, no, no Happy Birthday.

You see, Happy Birthday didn't appear on cakes

until after 1910 with the popularization

of the song Happy Birthday to You.

- So we've only been saying Happy Birthday

for about a hundred years right now?

- It's crazy, isn't it?

Before then, you'd just go around and be,

"Happy returns to you on the day."

- Everything seemed like a lot more effort back in the day.

- A lot more effort.

There were gods involved, there was praying,

there were giant Ls, it's just too much effort.

Pre-made cake mixes were available starting around 1930,

but wouldn't become more popular until after World War II.

And the late 1930s was also when Carvel

invented the ice cream cake.

The gates of cake innovation were not

just open but shattered.

- I love a good ice cream cake.

I'd never make one but I love eating a good ice cream cake.

- Why won't you make an ice cream cake?

- It's too much work, man.

- What's your favorite flavor of ice cream, Ray?

- Mint or cookies and cream.

- Two of my least favorite flavors.

- That's why we can never be together.

- [Aria] Today, birthday cakes are more elaborate than ever.

None more so than a 2015 six-foot-long, 1000-pound behemoth.

Purchased by an unnamed buyer for his daughter's birthday,

the cake featured over 4000 diamonds.

Final price, 75 million dollars.

- It's 2015 and a guy decides to buy a birthday cake

and wants to remain anonymous?

You know that that's gonna end up on Instagram somewhere.

The cake probably had it's own hashtag.

- What would the hashtag be? 75 million dollar cake cake?

- Hashtag diamonds on my cake.

- I like that, that's great, that's awesome, man.

Good job.

So where does that leave us today?

- Funny you should ask.

Because I kinda see them more like this.

When I think of birthday cakes I think of

sprinkles, bright colors, and things that

just make you wanna celebrate.

It is a modern rainbow-drip birthday cake.

This is actually a giant cake pop

made to look like an ice cream cone.

That is incredible, Ray.

That is incredible.

This is not made from parsley, right?

- That is not made from parsley but

modern cake.

- [Aria] For those of us who can only dream

of the ultimate birthday cake,

multiple television and internet programs showcase

fancy, sculptural, and complex birthday cakes.

As long as people keep having birthdays,

the birthday cake will continue to adapt and evolve.

Oh, wait, wait.

In a study actually published in 2017,

scientists found that blowing out birthday candles

can increase the chances of bacteria being found

in icing by about 1400 percent.

- So what do we do now?

- Not my problem.

Happy birthday!

- It's still not my birthday.

♪ It's your birthday ♪

♪ Happy birthday ♪

♪ Lots of happiness ♪

♪ Good luck, too ♪

♪ Congratulations on your birthday ♪

♪ Many happy returns to you ♪

For more infomation >> Where Did Birthday Cake Really Come From? - Duration: 8:03.

-------------------------------------------

RECREATING PHOTOS OF MY CELEBRITY TWIN - Duration: 1:43.

Hi Guys! Welcome back to my channel!

Today, I am going to be recreating photos of twin, which is Kirsten Dunst.

A lot of people say I look a lot like her when she was younger, so I decided to recreate some photos of her.

I am going to try the best I can with the pictures.

I'm not worried about the background, I'm just more worried about the poses.

Those were my two recreations.

I kept it short and sweet, and I really liked this video.

I hope you did too!

Give it a thumbs up, and subscribe if you haven't.

And I'll see you next Friday!

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