I can hold it up,
I can hold out
and I can hold it away.
Hello, dear German learners!
Are you ready for part eight (8)
of my series on German prefixes?
Today we talk about the verb "halten"
and all the prefixes
we can put in front of it.
Have fun with this video!
The words,
which I will talk about today,
all have several meanings.
I will always
mention one or two meanings
because otherwise this video
would be far too long.
This video is a bit long,
but you'll learn a lot
and the word at the end
will warm your heart.
Have fun!
What does "halten" mean?
Well, I hold this book in my hand
and this book
I can also hold up.
I hold up the book.
I can keep hold it away.
"I won't give it to you!
I hold this book away.
Ah well, I'll give you the book.
I hold the book towards you. "
If you are asking yourself,
what kind of a book this is:
I'm currently reading this book.
It's called Flow
by Mihaly and a surname,
I can hardly pronounce.
It is an interesting book.
Whatever.
I can hold it up,
I can hold out
and I can hold it away.
I can also hold my hand in front.
When I cough, for example,
I can hold my hand in front.
And I can cover something / keep something shut.
I can cover my ears.
I beg your pardon?
And then I can distract someone.
I can distract someone from doing something.
That means, I can prevent someone from doing something.
"Stop distracting me!"
I say to my brother,
for example.
"You are keeping me from learning.
Stop distracting me;
you keep me from learning.
I cannot learn,
because you are stopping me
by you distracting me. "
I can also stop.
I drive with the car
and the light is red,
So I stop.
I stop.
I can also hitchhike, by the way.
If I have no car
then I stand by the roadside
and show the thumb
and then I stop the car.
And if the cars stop
and want to pick me up,
then I'm hitchhiking.
That's a good mnemonic
for this expression.
I can stop someone.
This way I prevent him from walking on.
I will not go let someone go on.
The thief tried to escape,
but I stood in his way
and stopped him this way.
This is "aufhalten".
"Aufhalten" can also mean
that I am in one place.
"Since the weather is nice,
since the sun is shining,
I like to be in the garden. "
I can also stand something.
If I'm in a situation
which is not very good –
if I endure an uncomfortable situation,
then I have to endure this.
"It's so boring at school.
I can't take it anymore!"
I can keep something.
This means that I still own it.
I think:
"Should I perhaps give someone this book?
No, I want to keep it.
I want to keep it to myself.
I do not want to give it away."
And if I do not tell a secret
then I keep it.
We already had the word "aushalten"
and the word "durchhalten" is similar.
Suppose I run a marathon
and it is very difficult
and I continue although it is hard,
then I hold on.
Someone may call to me and says:
"You almost finished the marathon.
Hold on!"
I can comply with rules.
Drivers must, for example,
keep a certain safety distance
to other cars;
that is, they follow the rule.
This means,
they are keeping the safety distance.
You probably know the word "enthalten",
for example:
"This wine contains ten percent alcohol."
This means,
Alcohol is a part of the wine.
The wine contains alcohol.
The word "enthalten" also has
a second meaning:
It means that in an election you
are not casting a vote.
You don't cast a vote in an election.
So you can say, for example:
The vote is over.
Five people voted "yes"
three people voted "no"
and two people abstained.
If I receive something
then it means
I get something.
"I received a package from the postman.
I got a package from the postman. "
People use the word "erhalten" also
if something is left in good condition.
The building has been well maintained
and is therefore well preserved.
It is still in good condition.
The word "freihalten" means
that you don't block something;
you are keeping it clear.
If you were once in Germany
then you probably have seen signs
with the inscription:
"Keep the exit clear!"
What does that mean,
"Keep the exit clear"?
Well, that means
that you cannot park your car there,
so that you do not block the way.
You keep the way clear.
I can hold fast something or someone.
This means that I will not let it go.
"I held the thief by the arm,
so that he does not flee. "
If I am a bit weak
and am afraid of falling down,
I can hold on to something.
I do not want to fall
and that's why I'm holding on to the railing.
"Festhalten" can also mean
that you document something.
The police for example, speaks
with a witness
and then, the statement of witnessing
(meaning what the witness says)
is recorded.
The police
records the statement of the witness in writing.
If I have to endure something bad,
then I must pay for something.
"Everyone laughs at me.
I must again
serve as the butt of jokes.
I have to take it upon myself."
"My colleagues have again
made a big mistake.
And now, lest they be fired,
I have to suffer for it.
I had to take the blame.
I have to suffer for it. "
If I want to distract someone,
so that this person does not go somewhere else
and discover something
then I must distract that person.
I can run quite well
but you can keep up with me?
Keeping up means
that you can achieve the same performance.
If we both jog,
can you then keep up with me
or are you much slower than me?
And if you can keep up with me,
then we both run side by side,
because you can achieve the same performance:
to keep up.
You probably know the word "unterhalten":
This means that you provide entertainment.
The whole evening the musician has
entertained us with his music.
We had fun,
it was not boring,
we were entertained.
"Unterhalten" also means
that you talk to someone.
"She is so interesting!
I could talk for hours with her.
I could spend hours talking to her.
I could spend hours talking to her. "
A word that is rarely used,
is subdued.
Subdued means
that you do something inconspicuous or quiet.
"He was very shy
and spoke with a low voice.
He spoke with a low voice,
just as I'm speaking.
I speak with a low voice.
I make myself very inconspicuous."
Incidentally, "Verhalten" can also be a noun:
The behavior is what you do.
"He behaves strangely.
I do not understand his behavior. "
If I criticize someone repeatedly
if I always
make criticizing reproaches
then I hold something against him.
"I once made a mistake.
I once gave the cat
the wrong food
and now she holds it against me every time.
Every time when she says to me
I should feed the cat,
then she says every time:
"But not the wrong food!
Do you remember?
This one time
you gave the cat the wrong food!"
"Do you have to hold that against me again!?"
If I am holding back,
then I suppress something
or I do not do something.
"He was not loud.
He could hold back his anger.
He could control his anger.
He could hold back his anger. "
This is an example of
how someone is suppressing his emotion,
but I can also
suppress certain behaviors.
I can restrain myself when eating.
"There is not enough food for all of us,
can you please restrain yourself.
Please don't eat as much again
like you always eat.
Please restrain yourself
and eat very little, okay? "
That is the word "zurückhalten".
And so we have arrived at the last word.
Very good
that you've made it this far.
The last word is "to stick together".
To stick together means
that you remain connected as a group.
Friends always stick together.
Thank you for watching.
See you next time.
Bye!
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