Hello ReptilTV community and welcome to Episode 102
Usually I'm here at the start with my intro animal,
but today I'm empty-handed; we want to look back at our Monty Python,
our two-headed snake, which we had a few years ago.
I'm sure you can remember it.
It is an example of today's topic
On one hand today we want to talk about problems in snake breeding,
about the problems that can be caused by breeding for colour or other features
Is all this breeding for colour
actually something undesirable or is it genetic defects?
There are many genetic defects, which pose no problem and which we can happily live with
As I said, Monty Python, the two-headed snake ate well and was healthy
There are other things, which are OK
However, there are some genetic defects, which are negative for the animal,
where you cannot or should not breed and we'll go into all that today.
I know there are many terrarium owners, who do not care
for these mutations.
The colour mutations in these snakes in my hands are a classic example
Many people say, "How can you do that?", "terrible" and "that looks dreadful" and so on
From the general viewpoint of python and snake breeding I have to say that in general
these animals do very well
They have no problem in being albino or piebald.
This is also a good example; piebalds are discovered again and again in Africa
My first piebald was an adult male from Africa
When I got it, it was certainly ten years old, from its appearance
Albinos are always being discovered in Africa
Albino reticulated pythons are discovered in the wild, and calicoes as well
Colour mutations in Indian pythons are also found in the wild
I am convinced that a colour mutation gives snakes absolutely no problems
Whether people like it is quite a different issue
But for the animal itself there no problems
A topic I will go into in more detail
It is said that albinos are blind or have sight problems
With snakes it can be said that they have no problems of any kind with their eyes.
An albino snake can see as well or as poorly as any other snake
As far as the eyes are concerned, there are absolutely no problems.
There are other animals, which have problems as albinos; we'll talk about them later
It is often said that all colour variations are problematic
They are inbred and are more difficult to keep
For almost 30 years I have kept royal pythons
absolutely classic animals, hundreds of animals from Africa
Ranching animals, where at least one parent comes directly from the wild
I have many snakes bred for colour; we breed everything from albino-piebald onwards, ranching animals, where at least one parent comes directly from the wild
I have many snakes bred for colour; we breed everything from albino-piebald onwards
In my experience I have not seen any difference
An animal bred by me eats just as well as a ranched animal from Africa
In those days the animals were not any more sensitive than today
Things like lung infections are, in my opinion, always a climate problem
The problem never lies with the animal. When people say, the animal is no good, that is nonsense,
or in my opinion nearly always nonsense
The climate must be right and then the animals will not develop lung infections or similar diseases
I can find no disadvantages in African animals or even animals caught in the wild,
which you don't want in terrariums anyway,
as opposed to animals, which have been bred.
Of course I can and would like to recommend that when you breed,
do not try to mate first generation animals
So, never mate siblings with each other
Of course, you always try to keep the gene pool as wide as possible
to prevent the animals generally becoming weaker and more susceptible to disease or more sensitive
From my experience of breeding ten thousand pythons,
and of keeping more than ten thousand pythons,
there are definitely no problems in keeping or in breeding
Now I am holding two small animals - my trick, I always make it easy for myself. I take two animals
and at that moment I know exactly what I want to say.
Perhaps you wonder, why does he always go on like that in front of the camera, how can he notice everything
I see the animal and then I know what I want to tell you
In this way I always make it easy for myself
I want to tell you about piebalds and albino-piebalds
for example in the case of mating
It is thought by some that you should never mate an albino with an albino; good babies will not result or only bad eggs will be laid.
We mate albinos with albinos, piebalds with piebalds and so on
Really without heeding those opinions
We even mate albino-piebalds with albino piebalds
I have a male, which I received ten or 15 years ago from the USA
I also have a female, which I got from Japan
I mate them with each other and the result is tip-top babies
On this albino piebald theme,
even when you mate the colour morphs, in my experience there are no problems
This one here is the lovely Sunset I want to tell you about.
Of course in reptile breeding there are animals, which are unique in the world
There was one Sunset
It came from Africa to Brian Barcyzk in the USA
Brian bred with the Sunset, but no Sunsets resulted and Brian was disappointed
A few years later a member of staff thought, what if I now mate the descendants of the Sunset?
So he mated two siblings with each other
And hey, out came new Sunsets
In that case he had to breed sibling animals with each other
I have only once seen this colour in the whole world
Either I let it die out or I cannot avoid a certain amount of inbreeding
and mating sibling animals with each other.
Or crossing juveniles with the parents
This is inevitable with unique colours
But even then there are no problems
Normally there are no problems; the Sunset is a completely healthy morph
Of course, you should try to avoid it or limit it as far as possible when breeding e.g. Sunsets
and try to expand the gene pool.
So, don't mate sibling with sibling again and again,
but look a bit further afield and mate with animals from another lineage
in order to widen the gene pool.
Then you will not have problems with deformities or dead animals in the egg.
Now we come to the royal python colour morphs and the problems that can occur in breeding
Here I have three really good examples
The real classic is the Spider down here
You have a good view of this "Spider tic"
This slightly uncontrolled movement they make
where the head falls back or it seems simply
as if they have no real control over the front part of the body
This is classic for the Spider
It can occur with the Champagne, but it is not so pronounced as with the Spider.
Most of the time you don't see it in the Champagne
But it can occur in the Champagne, they can have this tic.
The same is true of the Woma, which is almost identical in appearance to the Spider
or very similar, but is another morph with a different genetic background
The Woma also has these uncoordinated movements
which simply make it move in an uncontrolled way.
This happens with these three morphs.
The interesting thing about it is that none of the three morphs have a super form.
If I mate Spider with Spider no babies hatch out
or they die off in the egg, or they are not viable.
The same with Champagne. I've tried for years to breed a Super Champagne.
Champagne with Champagne also seems not to be viable.
Some people have had the eggs hatch, but the hatchlings have immediately died.
and the same goes for the Woma; there is no Super Woma
Again for the reason: Not viable
The same thing happens, if you mix the three breeds together.
I cannot breed Spider-Champagne, Woma-Spider or Woma-Champagne.
Breeding all three of them together does not work.
They die in the egg and are not viable.
They are in fact to my knowledge the three forms,
which you simply cannot breed with each other and there is also this tic.
In the case of the Spider some people, even though it is a beautiful snake,
do not breed the Spider any more, because they say that they do not want this uncontrolled movement.
For this reason I no longer breed Spiders
Then there are two morphs of the royal python, which normally have no problems.
The Cinnamon and Black Pastel, if they are bred quite normally
and not as a super form, they have no problems.
They are easy to breed, are sturdy and have no problems.
Indeed, in the Super Form, if I breed Cinnamon with Cinnamon, the result is a lovely black animal
It is also called an Eight Ball, Eight as in the Eight if the billiard ball, or also Black Ball,
because totally black animals hatch
Unfortunately the majority of the animals have really bad deformities of the spine,
to the extent that they are not viable.
I recall, when I bred the first Super Cinnamons
I was quite certain as an experienced keeper of African snakes
I had Cinnamons from Africa, of different lineages and from different years
I thought, they are not related; they are definitely not close,
and if I breed Super Cinnamons, they are bound to be perfect.
I had two or three eggs and from all of them only animals with spinal deformities hatched.
The only thing to do was to kill them, or else they had died in the egg.
There is a similar problem with the Caramels, here in my right hand.
This one is a Mojave-Caramel.
If you breed with Caramels, a proportion of the eggs hatch with a kink in the spinal column.
About 50 per cent of the babies have kinks in the spine to a greater or lesser extent.
Many of them are pronounced; many have only one or two kinks just in front of the root of the tail.
Therefore, they also have a real genetic defect
It does not matter what I cross them with, such as the Mojave here, it is the same with the Cinnamon
It makes no difference and that applies to the Spider as well, what I cross them with. If the Caramel is in there, if the Cinnamon is in there,
if the Spider is in there, no matter what I cross and cross-breed,
the problem will not be bred out.
If I have the colour, let's say Super Cinnamon and breed it with a Pastel,
then I will potentially have these kinks in the babies.
If I have a Caramel and cross it with a Pastel, Mojave or heaven knows what
or if I have a Piebald-Caramel or anything else,
then I simply have this 50:50 risk
that the babies will die in the egg or have these kinks.
We've heard a lot about snakes, so it's time that lizard fans are given something to look at
In this case unfortunately there are also problems.
In my left hand I have an Enigma Leopard gecko, this one is an Enigma Tangerine.
The Enigmas have a similar tic to the one we saw previously with the Spider.
They have a problem of balance, they sometimes turn themselves
half way into a circle. You often see it in their head movements,
just as uncontrolled, therefore another neurological problem
just like the Spiders, as I said earlier.
Consequently, however lovely and interesting their colour may be, for breeding,
most breeders have begun to say that they will not breed any longer for this colour.
Then we have here the albino green iguana.
They are in fact really lovely bright yellow animals
With the snakes I have already mentioned eye problems.
I have not yet seen any albino snake with a problem but
the albino green iguanas really do have eye problems, probably due to UV light.
The eye lacks a protective mechanism, and the eyes are also bright red
or, like this one, deep red. I think that the protective function is missing.
I think they hatch out with sight, but become blind after a relatively short time,
more or less. All those I have had or have seen up to now
have been blind. I don't think the eyes are the most important sense for a reptile.
They can also live quite well without eyes,
but you must be aware that the eyes are damaged
or become damaged by the UV light.
Therefore, we must all decide for ourselves, whether we want to breed them or not.
You can also identify the same problem in other albino lizards as in the green iguanas.
In the case of albino monitor lizards, I have always thought that they are basically blind.
In the case of albino leopard geckos
I don't think they are really blind, because they are active at dusk
But what I mean is that they blink more often
than a naturally coloured or non-albino leopard gecko.
They have their eyes open more often and the albinos simply keep them shut.
In fact several albino lizards, classic albinos in the sense of totally lacking melanin,
have these eye problems. Here is an example; this is an albino Mississippi alligator,
which simply do not have the problem. I have quite often kept them until they are quite large, for 1-2 years.
In this one here as well there seems to be no problem.
I give them the usual UV light
I know that on the farms they are kept in sunlight
There are absolutely no problems with their eyes, at least in my experience
What causes some animals to have problems and others not, I have no idea
The alligators have this nictating membrane, but that gives protection under water and is not closed over in the light.
Then they have relatively yellow, not red eyes. Perhaps that is part of the reason
Having yellow in the eye-colour may be the reason they don't have problems.
But, as I said, in my experience albino alligators have absolutely no problem.
When we are talking about albino lizards and also about albino monitors,
we must not leave out our leucistic Nile monitor
In contrast to the albinos, which have no melanin, it is leucistic
This means that it has no colour pigments whatsoever in its skin.
Therefore leucistic animals have black eyes.
In a leucistic animal, whether a gecko or a monitor
and also snakes, I have never discovered any problem with the eyes.
So I say, hand on heart, they seem to have no problem.
When I wave my finger about in front of its face, it spits at me straight away and reacts immediately
So there is no damage to the eyes or anything. They are OK, whatever their colour
Whether they are snow-white or their natural colour is completely irrelevant.
Today it is rather unwell, but that has nothing to do with the colour.
Of course we must not leave out the topic of scaleless in our problem or no-problem article.
I have here a leather-back bearded dragon and here is the normal version; you cannot see any great difference
The leather-back simply has
fewer spines on it
As I said, you can hardly see the difference with the larger animals; you see it more clearly with the babies.
The funny thing is, if I mate a leather-back with a leather-back I get what is known as a silk-back
The silk-back not only has fewer scales, it has virtually none.
It is, if you like, naked, like a 'naked cat' or 'naked dog' and that's what it feels like.
I have often kept silk-backs, in terms of care they are no problem,
just like any other reptiles, I would say.
The only thing, which needs to be mentioned, is that they have more difficulty in moulting.
This soft skin makes it more difficult to moult; I really have to take care when they moult
I may need to help them by taking off the remains of the skin.
Or even putting on some cream.We used to have a cream called Liniment from Heiler
You just put some on them - it was a sort of cod liver oil -
if the skin did not peel away properly or was rather encrusted.
That has to be said. Otherwise, as far as lighting goes, we give them the usual UV light, everything is quite normal with the silk-backs
We have never found anything wrong, no sensitivity to UV light or anything of that sort.
As I said, it is just moulting, which can be a problem.
I had already approached the topic, the scale-less corn snake - this is a juvenile and this is an adult male
What you can clearly see here, at least on top is that many animals are really
completely without scales, on the sides, flanks and back.
Many animals, like the adult here, have a few scales on the top
Or towards the tail there are a few more scales
It is always the case that the underside has scales in the scale-less animals
There they have the normal ventral scales; they need them for creeping
It is probably a good thing that they still have them.
I think I have already said in a previous episode that these animals
are also completely without problems. They moult and eat without any problem.
They are just like any other corn snakes, whether they have scales or not.
I would say that it does not matter to the animals.
They are not harmed in any way by being scale-less.
Completely without problems. In breeding we have the slight impression
that their eggs are not so reproductive. We have mated a scale-less with a scale-less
and we have always had just two, three, four or five fertilised eggs.
We have also found that mating scale-less with hetero is not too good.
Is that really the case, or is it just that we are a bit too stupid to breed corn snakes?
More specifically, because of all the pythons we keep it very warm here
Possibly we do not reduce the temperature enough at night or in winter
to breed corn snakes successfully, but I am unable to assess at the moment.
whether it is simply a bit of experience
with fertilisation. Whether other breeders have the same problem, I don't know.
Otherwise everything goes smoothly as far as the animals themselves are concerned.
Another interesting point, we were talking just now about the bearded dragons.
Leather-back to silk-back. With corn snakes it does not happen like this. The hetero scale-less snakes have a completely normal appearance
You can't tell from the heteros that they are heteros
Then there is simply the scale-less corn snakes, without looking at the hetero
For some time, for the last 3-4 years there have been scale-less royal pythons.
The interesting thing here is that it began with a head,
a scale-less head
Brian Barcyzk (USA) was one of the first to breed the scale-less pythons
He noticed that on some animals two or three scales were missing from the head.
He mated them and the result was the scale-less python.
This means that in the case of the royal python the hetero for the scale-less version has these three or four scales missing from the head.
I wanted to show you, I have a scale-less male over there
but he is already busily mating
Therefore I prefer to leave him mating instead of showing you, but we can fade it in as photo.
Scale-less Head with Scale-less Head then really gives the complete scale-less animal.
There is a discussion going on at the moment, because the Scale-less Head has been around for years, but not many scale-less pythons. Does that pose problems?
Do they not breed so easily or are there other problems?
I cannot yet make any negative comment, because I have not yet bred any scale-less royal pythons
But when I ask acquaintances, they tell me that there are no problems.
So, the next few years will give the answers, but obviously the scale-less royal python is super to breed from.
Of course, here are other genetic defects, but I don't have time to show you all of them
In particular, there are even more scale-less snakes
The most recent one is the Indian python; I think I have already seen a reticulated python
There are more, but naturally I don't have them all
I think we have been able to show you a good selection
I though it important
to show you examples and the topic was actual defects, which really represent a problem for the animal
and we have seen a few
The idea was also to show you defects, which cause the animals no problems
Now there will be people who say that Broghammer says that nothing matters, go ahead and breed and cross-breed.
Of course, I am a fan of mutations like these, such as this albino clown
Simply great colours, this is my taste, I really like this
However, I am not one to say, I must breed come Hell or high water
You have known me for 102 episodes
I maintain that I am not someone to say that you have to breed everything with force.
I don't have to breed spiders; there are so many other fantastic things
I don't have to breed any animal, if it gives it problems
I don't have to breed, I don't want to distress any animal
I want things to be right for the animal and that is my stance.
There are so many reptiles, I have absolutely no reason to say " absolutely no problem, breed this, that or the other"
I maintain that I would say, if in my view there is a problem, then I would dissuade someone from breeding
And I would not breed either, if I think there is a problem for the animal.
Obviously opinions differ, that is right and proper
People's opinions on what they like differ
There are also terrarium owners, who say that the normal colour is by far the loveliest
They are also right
That's why I think that a certain amount of tolerance is required,
as long as tolerance does not harm the animal and the animal is comfortable and well-cared for
That as well. Stay loyal, check my balls and if you want to, check out my Albinos und Co.
How was it?
I hope you zoomed out enough, so that my spot was not too noticeable
Yes, yes. Just one more short shot.
You can always rely on it, when ReptilTV is being filmed, you will notice
a couple of days before filming ReptilTV
somewhere on your face a spot will appear
It is all part of it, for a day later ReptilTV is filmed
Mine has sprouted here, my horn on my forehead, it was bound to happen
To my knowledge there are three morphs, no there are four
The fourth one is missing, damn!
Let's do it all again!
This is not an albino, it is leucistic. It lacks the black as well as the
Damn telephone
Continue....
I had just mentioned it ... no, no we look at the camera, we smile and think...
The word on Sunday was good?
Yes? Is that enough?
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