Hello guys! This is Marcos from MPLA Airguns UK. Today we are going to talk about something that I like very much! The scopes!
Today, we will understand the difference between First Focal Plane (FFP) and Second Focal Plane (SFP).
You know that already, but, stay tuned because there is something nice coming up next!
Hey guys, let's get started. First of all, I will show you my set of scopes. Starting here: An Aztec Optics 3-18x50. An exceptional scope, and a Second Focal Plane scope.
Also, a Second Focal Plane I have a Hawke Panorama 2-7x32. This is that one I usually use in my reviews and videos. I'll start to use a little more the Aztec. I want to extract a bit more of this scope.
I have just bought this Vortex Viper PST Gen.2 – 5-25x50 (First Focal Plane). Another exceptional scope.
And the scope I usually use for shooting, which is an Optisan EVX 4-16x44F1 FFP.
For this review, this comparison, I brought the exact same equivalent scope, referent to this Optisan, which is the one I use most, in Second Focal Plane.
This one is an Optisan EVX 4-16x44i SFP.
So, for this comparison, I will not compare those here, but I will compare these two.
These 2 scopes are exactly the same. The only difference between them is, for sure, that one if a First Focal Plane Scope and the other one is a Second Focal Plane Scope.
Let's go, let's see the Technical Specifications of each one of them.
NO SUBTITLES NEEDED.
Ok, guys. Now that we know the Tech Specs of each one of them, I will show some characteristics.
I have done a list of items to compare those two scopes, and we will be showing those differences through the video.
*** ZOOM **
In First Focal Plane scopes, the reticle changes, in other words, it grows and decreases its size as you change the zoom.
When you increase the zoom, the reticle gets bigger and approaches the screen/ocular. It grows and approaches the ocular when you increase the zoom.
In Second Focal Plane scopes, this does not happen. You change de zoom, but the reticle stays as it is. It does not approach the ocular. It does not change.
The only thing that approaches is the image. On the other hand, for the FFP scopes, the image and the reticle come together.
*** POI COMPENSATION ***
A First Focal Plane scope compensates the zoom in/out. But, look, guys, we are talking here about high-end scopes.
So, for good FFP scopes, when you zoom in and the image and the reticle approach the ocular, what happens?
There is a compensation, a calculation done internally on the scope, to compensate the difference on the Point of Impact (POI), that you would have for a Second Focal Plane Scope.
In other words, when you bring the image forward (zooming in), but the reticle does not change, your POI will change.
But on the First Focal Plane scope, it does not happen, because the scope compensates exactly this difference bringing the reticle and the image proportionally, at the same time.
*** RETICLE SIZE ***
Another difference between them. On the First Focal Plane one, when the zoom is set to minimum, you almost do not see the reticle.
It is there, the format is there, the "Christmas Tree" is there, but, you cannot see details, you cannot see the dots or do any compensation.
The First Focal Plane is made for you to use it with some zoom. So, when you zoom in, you be able to identify the dots.
But, remember, what I'm saying is mainly applied to Airguns, ok? I am not saying about long range shooting with rifles and other firearms. This applied basically for Airguns.
On the Second Focal Plane Scope, it does not happen, because, independent of the zoom, the reticle would stay at the same plane, with no changes.
*** TARGET VIEW ***
Another characteristic is that, in some cases, in maximum zoom, the First Focal Plane Scopes can approximate so much the reticle, depending on the model,
That the reticle covers partially your target. So, if you have something that needs extreme precision, the First Focal Plane Scope, can interfere in your view of the target,
Covering with the line of the reticle, part of the target.
On the Second Focal Plane Scope, it does not happen because it is always the same. So, if it is thick or thin zooming out, it will be thick or thin zooming in.
*** LIGHT / CLARITY ***
The First Focal Plane Scope works better if there is ideal light in the environment. What is this? In a darker day, or when the evening is approaching,
You have a little bit worse image in the First Focal Plane Scope. On the Second Focal Plane Scope, because the scheme of the internal lens (as we are showing) is different,
The light works better to enter the scope. So, an SFP scope works well even with less light.
*** PRICE ***
The First Focal Plane Scopes are a bit more expensive. The Second Focal Plane, is comparatively, cheaper than them. The case, for example, of those two scopes.
Is it a considerable difference in price? Yes. But this also makes difference at the end for those who are buying it.
So, many people decide to buy a cheaper SFP (but a good one, please), to save some money.
*** WEIGHT ***
Another thing is the First Focal Plane Scope, because of the higher number of mechanisms inside them, to work to compensate the POI, it needs a few more structures inside it.
So, it makes the FFP scopes a little heavier, than the Second Focal Plane ones.
Let's talk now, about advantages and disadvantages, of the FFP and SPF Scopes. Starting with Advantages and talking about First Focal Plane.
The FFP Scopes are better (in general) for Airguns. Why? Because when you have frequent changes in distance, and you shoot, for example, in a pigeon at 10m and then at 40m.
You have to adjust your zoom to better visualize your target. With a pigeon at 10m, you cannot use a higher zoom, or it can get very big when you look at it.
So, ideally, you should use a lower zoom. And this changes in zoom, do not change your POI.
Another advantage of the FPP. You do not need to compensate dots, due to changes in your zoom. As I said, if used 10X of zoom to zero your scope, but you are shooting using 16x,
The difference between the 10X and the 16X, do not exist. In the field, if you increase the zoom, the scope will compensate the drop of the pellet,
And bring the image and the reticle at the same proportion, not changing the place where you should aim.
There is still the compensation you need to do, for example, if you have the zero of the scope at 25m and is shooting at 50m.
Another advantage is that even zeroed at 25m, still allows long-range shooting (for Airguns, above 75m).
Ease to find and low cost (compared to FFP). It is the type of scope that general shooter prefers. Why? Because it is more simple, cheaper, easy to find.
Good quality Second Focal Plane Scopes, there are plenty of them, and those scopes cater to them. So, you do not need to have an FFP Scope, if you do not have the money to invest.
But the SPF Scope is cheaper, then, it is easy for you to find a good one.
Additionally, Second Focal Plane Scopes use to be the most chosen option for competitions, given the cost X benefit.
Considering a competition where the range is fixed, and you are aiming a target, you are probably not going to change the zoom of this scope.
On the other hand, those who participate in Field Target Competitions (where the distances change), may prefer the First Focal Plane Scopes,
Others, because are used to the changes on the scope due to different distances, still prefer to use a Second Focal Plane, because the ranges are given.
So, in general, you have competitions tending to use more Second Focal Plane Scopes, instead of using FFP Scopes.
Let's now talk about disadvantages of each one of them. So, disadvantages of the First Focal Plane Scopes.
Low-quality models may have a "fake" compensation of the drop on the reticle. We are talking about good quality scopes, but you can find low-quality FFP Scopes.
But what does it mean? So, instead of zooming in and the object and the reticle approach at the same proportion, compensating the drop, they come wrong,
That is, the object comes, but it does not come with the right proportion, so you have a slight difference in the POI, that claims to be an FFP Scope, but it is not, because of its low quality.
Another disadvantage of the First Focal Plane Scopes is that because they require more knowledge from the shooter, they are usually put aside by beginner shooters.
So, they usually go to the Second Focal Plane. It does not mean that more experienced shooters will not use Second Focal Plane Scopes, but,
When you know very well the range of options you have between First and Second Focal Plane Scopes, what happens is that you start to adjust the type of scope for the type of shooting.
With FFP Scopes for Airguns, shooting above 125m may be impaired. Why? Because when you zoom in – considering you are shooting with an airgun at 125m in a pigeon, for example,
You need a zoom relatively high to be able to see the pigeon, so, you usually use the max of the zoom, and because of that, you may lose some dots at the bottom of the reticle.
Because you go zooming in, and the last dots will disappear as you zoom. So, those dots, end up getting unutilized at the max zoom.
Another disadvantage is that high-end models usually are difficult to find (in non-specialized stores) and usually are very expensive.
Let's go now for the disadvantages of the Second Focal Plane Scopes. They require at least intermediate level of knowledge of the shooter to get the maximum of the scope.
Both have this same "disadvantage". But the FFP Scopes require intermediate to advanced level of knowledge.
The SFP Scopes requires, for you to use it very well, you need to have a certain minimum knowledge of how a scope works, in an intermediate level as a minimum.
Many people just buy a scope without knowing how it works, put it on top of the gun, and the scope is not even properly fitted to the gun,
And they are shooting already and complaining about the scope, and that cannot hit the target. It not because there is a scope on top of your gun that you will hit your target.
Second Focal Plane Scopes – I feel sorry to inform that, they are the most forged models.
The Math and Engineering used to build an FFP Scope are much higher, is much more complex, much more work to be forged.
So, what happens is that the counterfeiters will prefer to forge SFP Scopes.
The Second Focal Plane Scopes will need compensation for any kind of variation – distance or zoom.
The FFP Scopes, just need compensation for a variation of distance. The SFP Scopes will require compensation for both.
If you zero your scope in 10X of zoom and will shoot using 16X – if you are shooting in a very short range, that's fine, it is not going to make much difference.
But, if you increase this distance, let's say from 25m to 100m, your Point of Impact may vary a lot.
So, you may lose your shot, if you don't know how to properly compensate the difference in zoom and distance.
Well guys, the conclusion we arrived, is that good and old saying: If you are happy with your equipment, keep it.
Go deep, seek information about your equipment. No matter if it is an FFP Scope or an SFP Scope.
What matter is for you to be able to use your scope, with max ability, with max information that you can have about your equipment. And this is for any scope.
If you have an equipment and you can use it at the max level, you are a happy person. Better than having a scope that worth more than $1000 dollars, and do not know how to use it.
It is better to have a scope that worth $150 dollars, like this for example, and be able to use it to the max it can give you.
So, this one worth 10% of the that one. But if you know how to use this first one, more than you would use the second one, you will have:
More quality in your shooting, a higher rate of hits – which is very important, you will be able to get more from your gun, because the equipment on top of it, the scope,
Will open a wide range of possibilities for you to have your shooting with max quality. Ok?
Either with a First Focal Plane or a Second Focal Plane Scope, the most important thing is to keep shooting.
Greetings and good shots!
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