Thứ Hai, 26 tháng 3, 2018

Waching daily Mar 26 2018

Vsauce!

Kevin here.

The Colorado potato beetle, first observed innocently eating native plants in the Rocky

Mountains in 1811, went crazy when potatoes, native to South America, were introduced to

the U.S.

These beetles were like, "Wow potatoes are delicious" The beetles were right.

But their potato-hunger is so devastating to crops, entire propaganda campaigns were

launched in World War II and again during The Cold War claiming that the CIA was dropping

the "American Bug" in places like Germany and Eastern Europe as a form of insect warfare.

The Colorado potato beetle has been a major potato problem.

But potatoes have never been paradoxical, right?

Wrong.

ENTER: THE POTATO PARADOX.

It goes like this: say you've got 100 pounds of potatoes and 99% of their weight is water.

The other 1% of their weight is solid potato stuff -- starches, proteins, pectins, minerals,

that kind of stuff.

You leave them out overnight and they dry out a little bit.

When you wake up, they're only 98% water, that would make 2% of it solid.

So, how much does your sack of spuds weigh now?

While you think about it, let's get real for a second with real potatoes, not paradoxical

ones.

So, real potatoes are 79% water by weight.

So I cut this to exactly 100 grams, which means this 79 grams of water.

Looks thirst quenching.

79% is a lot, but we can go higher.

Per 100 grams, Watermelon is 91% water.

But what's more water than watermelon?

Lettuce.

Lettuce is almost 95% water.

Meaning, salad is 5% away from being soup.

Back to our paradox… probably a good idea to get back to that.

Probably broke the scale.

Anyway, we have 100 pounds of paradox potatoes, and the percentage of water weight goes down

by 1% overnight so their weight today would be 99 pounds.

A common answer.

And a good one.

If by "good" you mean…

After this tiny change, your sack of spuds would actually weigh 50 pounds.

The 1% shift in composition cuts its weight in HALF.

How?

Well, the easiest way to visualize the solution is with potatoes.

100 of them.

OHHHH NO NO…

So here are 100 potatoes.

You must hug your potatoes so that they know that you care.

This one painted potato, a lovely space age silver, is the 1% of solid potato matter that

we start with.

The other 99 represent the water.

When the potatoes dry out, the amount of solid matter doesn't change.

Only the water goes away.

So, if we remove ONE unit of water we now have 99 pounds of stuff, 1 of which is dry,

98 of which are water.

So, let's just do a little calculation here.

98 out of 99 is 98%... but .989899.

We don't want all those point 9 things, we just want 98 percent.

Okay, so that's too much water.

Let's just remove another water, alright, so now we have 97 out of the 98 pounds here

are water.

So, we'll do 97 out of 98 and...

98.979591836%.

That's too much.

It's just too much water.

There's got to be a better way.

Here's the problem: This is lowering really slowly because for every unit of water that

dries away, the total amount that's left ALSO goes down.

To see how many we need to take away, let's look at the final result.

Excuse me, potatoes.

Okay, here's what we've got going on here.

Okay, so.

We need to reduce how much water we have not to 98 or 97… but to 49.

And here's why:

So we have 98%, 2% solid, but we only have 1 solid unit.

So let's turn that 2 into a 1.

So, we'll divide 2 by 2 and we get 1.

So we've got to do the same thing now to our 98, so we'll divide 98 by 2 and that

equals 49.

So 49 plus 1 equals 50, and 50 pounds is the answer.

So, we've got to get rid of SO MANY water potatoes.

I don't know how many are left, but it should be 49 waters and 1 solid.

And 49 divided by 50 is exactly 98%.

We did it!

That's the answer.

The potato paradox comes into play every time there are two items and the concentration

of one doubles.

That requires the other one's size to be reduced by half of the whole, whether it's

doubling from 1% or .00001%.

Or 10%.

Ask your friends to solve this problem and see what they say.

Most of the time, our first response is to assume that not much has changed since 1%

is so small.

This isn't something to be ashamed of -- our brains evolved to compare quantities like

this: there's one wooly mammoth and there's five of us.

Or, how much food do we need to keep the family surviving through the winter?

Evaluating concentrations is more abstract and not usually a life-or-death issue that

natural selection would play a role in shaping.

Unlike other famous paradoxes, time travel ones for example, the POTATO paradox is a

VERIDICAL paradox, which means it has a TRUE solution we can all agree on and prove, but

is nonetheless surprising.

So, the potato paradox is a kind of paradox not built on misunderstandings or impossibilities

or speculation but instead, is one that really teases out how the mind works.

Now if you'll excuse me, I have a vintage potato toy to turn into a potato man before

he loses 1% of his water composition and half his weight.

And as always - thanks for watching.

The awesome potato paradox animation at the beginning of this video was created by VFX

wizard Eric Langlay using After Effects.

If you want to learn how to do cool visual effects, there are dozens of courses just

on After Effects over at Skillshare.

And they're taught by experts who really know what they're doing, so you'll really

learn what you're doing, whether you need to know the basics -- OH, LOOK OUT -- or you

just want to learn some new techniques.

Which, I think we all can always use some new techniques.

An annual Skillshare subscription is less than ten bucks a month and the first one thousand

people to use the promo link at the top of this video's description will get their

first two months for just 99 cents, which is less than this potato cost me.

And I would give this guy an arm… or a hand…

I guess he has an arm, but the hand, it's broken.

Listen, this thing is 60 years old.

It's amazing that it… ok, let's see if it... doesn't.

What if it stood… will this hold it?

WILL THIS HOLD IT?

IT HOLDS IT!

The Potato Man lives and breathes in a potato stand.

I didn't mean for that to rhyme, but it did.

Let's look at this thing for a second.

Mr. Potato Head Funny Face kit, this was the original thing.

And it really wasn't just for potatoes, you can see you can make peppers, beets, oranges,

apples…

OHHH NOOOOO!

Really, it was all about turning vegetables into people, which I think is something we

can all get behind.

*sigh* I have so much to clean up.

For more infomation >> The Potato Paradox - Duration: 9:39.

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【Stardew Valley】牧場主が目指す1000万円欲しい!スターデューバレー ふーどの人のゲリラ放送(ふーどの部屋)#09 - Duration: 1:37:20.

For more infomation >> 【Stardew Valley】牧場主が目指す1000万円欲しい!スターデューバレー ふーどの人のゲリラ放送(ふーどの部屋)#09 - Duration: 1:37:20.

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Man kills wife, sister-in-law, himself - Duration: 1:04.

For more infomation >> Man kills wife, sister-in-law, himself - Duration: 1:04.

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Top 5 Minecraft SHADER PACKS ★ Most Useful and Fun Shaders ★ 2018 - Duration: 11:06.

hey guys I'm AyeselTPW and welcome back to another mod showcase Monday

hey guys and welcome back I AM AyeselTPW and welcome back to another mod

showcase Monday last week I promised you that we would do a macho case on my

favorite shaders for Minecraft so that's what we're going to do today but guys

before we do that it would be awesome if we did like button on this video and for

noona channel why don't you hit that subscribe button

okay before we get into doing these shaders the first thing you will need to

have is Optifine so if you haven't downloaded and installed Optifine for

minecraft then you will need to do that if you want to know how to do that then

go check out the video and link of this subscription down below

it's the Optifine video drive done on how to download and install it once

you're in there you will need to then go into the shaders option in your video

settings and you will see all of the shaders that you have in here

the first one that I'm going to be showing you which is the one that I use

for my mud showcases in my tutorials is silver vibrant shaders

so what shaders do guys is obviously they change the look and feel of

Minecraft you can see the water looks a lot more realistic the Sun as circular

as is the moon and you also get crescent moons so you get full moons you get half

moons etc and it just brings a whole different experience to the whole

Minecraft world you get shadows water looks realistic and it just makes the

whole place look fantastic but I'm not gonna talk about why shaders are good

for Minecraft I'm going to show you the different ones that I think are pretty

neat there's three which I think are very good for the looking feel of

Minecraft and then there's got to fajn ones and I hope that you enjoy those

guys so this is silver vibrant shaders guys this is what I use for my tutorials

and what your cases as I said and I really enjoy it because it doesn't eat

up your frames per second as some of these share packs can eat into your

frames per second and Silver's doesn't do a bad job in maintaining frames per

second I'm currently running at 50 frames per second here at the moment you

can see as well that the sky is blue and has proper looking clouds for you to

have the clouds looking like this you need to turn minecraft clouds off and

just use the shader pack clouds so destler's haters which one are we gonna

show you next well the next one I want to show you is

a soos change and again this is very similar to

cylinders but my frames-per-second has dropped way down to nearly turkey frames

per second so just watch out for that guys some of these shader packs may not

be suitable for your PC the sky is moving which is why it's also dropping

down frames per second the clouds are also still realistic the

Sun is still circular it's very bright and we still got shadows water is

realistic there's more of a hue you can see this kind of a hue around me it's

kind of like very bright and I'm just going to set the time to a little bit of

a an earlier time so you can see what the sunlight looks like when it's coming

up you can see there's definitely a darkness when it's dawn and when the Sun

is setting it's not a very warm feel it's a very realistic feel but it's very

dark and that's why I don't use it for my tutorials macho cases because you get

a really vibrant Sun when you're using cylinders and I really like that for the

tutorials you can see the Sun there setting over the horizon it's very big

and it's very orange and I think that looks absolutely cool so this is soos

I'm going to put a download link for every one of these shader packs in the

description of this video and it's gonna bring you to the download link on the

websites and as soon as come down and you can see how dark it got so quickly

there wow that got really dark let me put up the brightness here this guy's

and that made no effect whatsoever so I'm gonna get out of this shader pack

then next what I'm showing you is mr. meet some leaders I might actually start

using this for my macho cases because it's a really warm feel you don't get

the same kind of rays coming through the trees that you do with cylinders but

it's not too bright either it's really nice it's really soft it has a really

warm feeling to it and I really do enjoy it again the water is realistic and the

sky is very blue there's no clouds in this so frames-per-second are running at

around 45 to 50 as well which is pretty good and as you can see the Sun is

starting to go down but it's not as dramatic

Anasuya days with siller's hence why I like silver so much it definitely has a

warmer field when the Sun does go down you don't get the Stars coming on at

night either will it get as dark as suus let's have a

look this is nice we have we have a huge here for the moon we don't actually have

a moon that we don't have a movie definitely guy next you this is

interesting I really like this guys so I've just turned on the Moon guys and

it's a square moon unfortunately which would be pretty cool to have a circular

moon like the other shader packs this is why I like silver so much look at that

moon look at the way the Rays are beaming off it okay maybe it's a bit

intense but it is stunning so they're the three shader packs that I would

definitely recommend if you want to make minecraft look and feel so much better

than the standard vanilla but there are two others I'm gonna showcase and I

found these and I think they're so much fun and you can have create fun with

these before I do that guys I'm going to switch on my resource pack which is

chroma hills and this can add a whole new effect as well to Minecraft and you

can see that the shaders here have changed the sand looks completely

different it's got some shells and the beach and some seaweed and you can see

here when you've got something lighting up like the lava it really stands out

which is awesome you can see all of the blocks have changed so the mobs have

changed as well which is pretty neat I downloaded this mod pack because I

wanted to use this on my bed Wars and I really like it I really do like it

the trees have changed leaves changed so I'm gonna leave on the resource pack you

guys and I want to show you these two other shaders which I think are friggin

awesome the first one is world curvature and if

you think that minecraft is very square then you need to download this shader

pack because what this does is gives curvature to everything in Minecraft the

blocks are still square obviously with the hole

old world is now circular which is friggin awesome so if you're building

bridges take it over it you could see the whole world is circular now and

let's build some sort of bridge there's something basic and now you can see

there's a curve in it which is also I think this is friggin awesome guys it

probably takes a little bit of getting used to but it just adds something

different to Minecraft and I love it you could see the curve on it there and so

everything's got a curve with this a shader pack and I think that just brings

something some something more a hell of a lot more different to Minecraft I

don't know what I was doing there so that's world curvature which is a very

interesting shader and I think it changes a hell of a lot in Minecraft the

last one this one is the most extreme of the shader packs that I've ever done

ordered and it's the wave shooters you can see the whole world is waving this

is gonna take some getting used to if you wanted to play with this but it's

definitely a lot of fun you can see the whole world is moving around it doesn't

give you the same effects as the other shader packs with the Sun and the

lighting hello mr. creeper it does take a little

bit of getting used to because it can get quite disorienting and you can get

quite dizzy you can see the world there in the background yes coming up I'm

going to do something that I really increase the chunks or the video let's

see what that will do I had to see how it is oh this is weird

this is so weird guys but I love it

this is like Inception the whole world is just waving as if it's on top of

waves as you can see over there you can see my bridges from my practicing I have

pet wars and bridging in bed Wars wow this is so weird

I couldn't end on the tree okay let me go into the sky and let's see what wow

this is inception the whole place is just waving this is crazy this is really

friggin crazy it's awesome though frames per second yeah they're not that bad

around 46 47 oh this is making me t0 all right let me go to the edge over here

again oh this is weird I don't even know it's hard it's hard you don't even know

if you're traveling Wow okay I need to get down this is making me dizzy that's

it for this much okay I really hope that you enjoyed it the five shader packs

that I think are fantastic children's vibrant shaders the Zeus mr. meap's the

wave and world curvature five fantastic shader packs and well done to the

developers and designers of these shaders awesome job I love this and

Silver's is still definitely my favorite and along with this texture pack I think

it looks absolutely superb so guys I really hope that you enjoyed this video

and if you did it would be awesome if you left a like on it and if you're new

in the channel again why don't you hit that subscribe button guys that's it for

this macho case I'm AyeselTP thank you for watching this video and we'll

see you in the next mod showcase bye

For more infomation >> Top 5 Minecraft SHADER PACKS ★ Most Useful and Fun Shaders ★ 2018 - Duration: 11:06.

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Shout Out Monday Evening - Arduino Edition - Duration: 13:27.

here we go with another shout out Monday evening and today is March 26 2018 and

today's acronym is some Arduino so let's get going with this right now hi I'm Tom

Kvichak and this is Toms Trains and Things I do these shout outs every

Monday so you as the Model Railroader can learn new things about model

railroading and today's subject is going to be on Arduino and we're going to do

quite a few videos on that subject in the future after we finish up two videos

on the instant buildings that are coming out this week on Tuesday and Wednesday I

had so much footage on it did it took up two videos so Tuesday is part 1 and

Wednesday will be part 2 so look for that and the Arduino will be on Saturday

so what is that acronym that we're talking about some Arduino now if you

can imagine some Arduino that's gonna be a doozy so I gotta read this one off

here shoutout Monday evening any real developer understands initializing

normal objectives and if you know anything about coding then you'll

understand that or I should have said objects but anyway that's what we're

going to talk about today Arduino right after this if you would like to see more

videos like this on model railroading and shout outs and Arduino electronic

projects everything about model railroading go ahead and hit that

subscribe button and while you're at it ding that bell so you could be notified

whenever I have a new video coming out and go check out the playlist page down

there I have a lot of playlists over 40 of them categorized in subjects for you

to find easily so go to that playlist page

the categories that I have that you're interested in Ango and watched those

videos there's a lot of good information there so let's get started with this

right now the first thing we're going to take a

look at today is the Arduino webpage which is www.Arduino.cc it's an Italian

company and they originally produced Arduino for educating young children so

it's going to be an easy task to work on these things and everything that you

want to know about Arduino is on their web page even education resources they

have getting started tutorials they have these tutorials on here on different

subjects the foundations and more examples from libraries built in

examples and I'll show you some built in examples and references all the coding

that is used in Arduino sketches is right here and if you have any issues

with it you just go on there I'll do one of the first ones digital Reed which

you'll be seeing a lot and it gives you an explanation of what it is and example

code and you can also go on the IDE for Arduino and get example code there also

but let me bring up online tools ok right here they also have a web editor

and I'll bring this up real quick you could use the web editor or you can

bring up the IDE on your computer as well but since we got right here I'm

going to do the web editor real quick I'll show you examples basics and blink

this is what is loaded on every our doing

you know just a short sketch to blink an LED on there just to show you that it is

working normally it gives you a little bit of explanation right here of what

everything is and the code starts right here with the void set up and we're not

going to get into that right now but I just wanted you to see that you can get

to it from your web browser and here are some of the things that you're going to

need first off is uh we're going to be using a Arduino Uno now this one was

made by make and I have quite a few things that are made by make here's a

project board right here which has a couple of extra LEDs a couple of push

buttons so and a potentiometer where you can set this thing up on top of it and

we'll go through some of that those things later on but this is called a

shield now I have another shield here this is a relay shield

unfortunately Arduino only works with three point three and five volts so if

you need to operate anything higher than 5 volts you're gonna need a shield a

relay either a relay shield or a relay board they both do the same thing they

both have 4 relays on it this one you just hook it up to your Arduino hook up

the jumpers to the specific pins and you're on your way to operate things

that work with higher than 5 volts I have a new Arduino here still in the

package you're gonna need a breadboard with some jumper wires like these right

here or if you'd like to make your own you could buy these boxes a jumper

jumper wire this is 22 gauge solid wire you get 25 foot in each row and you got

different colors there and you can make your own jumper wires so you don't have

these big ones all over the board now anytime you get a

a shield say like this one the relay showed you get little information about

it this one was from seed studio which I bought a long time ago

and it works pretty well and that this does the same thing it's got four relays

on there you put your outputs on here this is your inputs that go on to your

Arduino board and that's all you're going to need and the enthusiasm and

ideas of what you want to do with your model railroad but anyway let's get back

up to here and go back to they have a forum blogs they have project hubs where

people the things that they built with arduino z' and the one good thing about

arduino z' is that everything on here is open-source

the board is open-source you could go on the Arduino website and they you could

download the schematic for this and build your own and that's what we're

gonna do I have one of the chips for it and I had to get it through spark fund

because it's got the bootloader on it you want to get one with the bootloader

if you want to make your own Arduino but if you get it directly from Arduino I

think it's like 22 dollars if you get it from another source you could get them

as cheap as ten dollars and then they got the pro mini and the Nano ones that

are real small about half the size of this right here about that big right

there where you could do the same thing as you can on and uno

so we're gonna have some fun with building these projects on here and this

is the same thing as the web browser IDE and you can go over to examples and

basics and we'll go over to blink right here and this is the same thing that we

brought up on the web browser and let's expand this a little bit and

with the explanations same exact thing and comes down here to the actual code

and what you could do whenever you need any kind of code on here you just go to

the examples and that's a starting place and if it isn't pat and if you can't

find it in the examples they have let me see what else we got here this is one of

the ones this one right here is by Geoff Bunza and this one is for the 17 servos

to operate the 17 servos he did an explanation of this in model railroad

hobbyist magazine showing the 17 servos on there but this is so good that you

could go online and find anything that you want you just google what you want

our dwee no servo sketch and you'll find all kinds of servo sketches that you

want so this is what we're going to be talking about coming starting out on

Saturday we're gonna do our first one and then throughout the month of April

we'll be doing some Arduino and some other things but we're gonna get

familiar with Arduino and some sketches and we're gonna do some projects and I'm

gonna show you how to do the same project that I showed you how to dim the

lights we're gonna do it right on here and you're gonna see how easy it is so

take a look for that and leave a comment down below if you own I know I got a lot

of people that already asked for sketches on servos so they could operate

their switch machines so they could use a servo as a switch machine so there we

go but if you have any questions and want any kind of projects let me know

leave a comment down below so we could find some sketch that we could work on

so we can figure it out on our own right here

I might even if you persuade me I might even

doing live one on Arduino check that out it's coming out check out our dueño

webpage Arduino dot CC they have everything that you want to know about

Arduino right there and other things Sparkfun Adafruit Make

all those webpages you get they have projects on there they have products on

there that you could buy and there's more than that I mean even this one

right here this one I bought about four years ago when I bought my first Arduino

it's a relay board in this seed studio I don't even know if they're still

available Saed but I didn't even think about looking on them up but anyway

every shield out there is also open source

so if you buy one you go on to their website you can see the wiring diagram

for that shield so that's the good thing about it everything is open-source the

shields and the sketches and the Arduino boards itself and everything that all

the manufacturers make to fit on and work with the Arduino is all open source

so you can copy it improve on it make your own you can even there's even

tutorials out there where you can even make your own project boards and I've I

got this one from make a few years ago and it comes just the plain board and

they give you all the parts and you have to solder all the parts on to it which

gives you a little bit of experience with soldering on a circuit board but

anyway check that out check out the ad we know page we're going to have some

fun with it and so we'll see you later on remember Tuesday and Wednesday I got

instant buildings and then Saturday I got the first armed wing

video coming out so we'll see ya

For more infomation >> Shout Out Monday Evening - Arduino Edition - Duration: 13:27.

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Produção e Criação de Vídeos Animados - Animavideo.net - Duration: 1:31.

For more infomation >> Produção e Criação de Vídeos Animados - Animavideo.net - Duration: 1:31.

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The MIX Meets Steven Artemiw - Duration: 1:53.

For about seven and a half years now, we've been running out of Parkdale.

It's a massive community.

It helped me find my friends.

It helped me find a new family.

I feel like that community is what's allowed me to open Bond.

Finding my lane in life felt like it took forever.

But as soon as it happened it was instant.

Running definitely saved my life.

My first run was on July 12th, 2007. Six days after my overdose.

Those first few steps were much like the first time I tried cocaine.

Like I laid the foundation with that for a positive relationship with a new activity

that had the ability to fuel me emotionally, mentally, spiritually.

I opened Bond as a response to what I saw as opportunities in the running community.

Recognizing that this generation of people that are running, don't look like the typical

runner.

It's a generational shift in running that we've seen so this store, the way it looks,

the products we carry, the services we offer, how it smells, how it sounds, it's all kind

of a response to the new wave of running.

So at Bond we offer running services and some cross training services.

We offer a longer run on Friday nights for people that are half and full marathon training

through the winter.

And then on Saturday mornings we do another social run that is designed for anybody.

I think the next step for me here with Bond is just to continue to develop the culture

in running.

I really do think that running has the ability to save more lives.

I believe me sharing my story has the ability to impact and touch other lives.

I found people that I identify with on a plethora of other levels and it has enriched my life

beyond belief.

For more infomation >> The MIX Meets Steven Artemiw - Duration: 1:53.

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Undertale The Musical: (Genocide Version) - Ruins - Duration: 1:55.

For more infomation >> Undertale The Musical: (Genocide Version) - Ruins - Duration: 1:55.

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The Most Useful Fossils in the World - Duration: 7:00.

Thanks to CuriosityStream for supporting PBS Digital Studios.

It may not surprise you to learn that some kinds of fossils are more common than others.

Most dinosaurs, for instance, are known from only one or two specimens.

Meanwhile, some trilobite species are known from hundreds or thousands of specimens.

But one of the most abundant kinds of fossils on Earth, numbering in the millions of specimens,

came from something most people have never heard of.

And for decades, their identity was a mystery to paleontologists.

But geologists figured out that these mysterious fossils could basically be used to tell time

in the deep past!

Please allow me to introduce you to the conodonts.

From the time they were first discovered in the 19th century, and right up until the 1980s,

conodonts were only known from isolated hard parts, called conodont elements.

Some of them looked like little fans, or saw blades, or even barbed wire, but most of them

looked like cone-shaped teeth.

So they were given the name conodont, which means "cone tooth."

These elements are all verrry tiny.

Most are under one millimeter, and none greater than five millimeters long.

And for a long time, paleontologists were totally stumped about what animals these things

belonged to, and where on the Tree of Life they belonged.

Some experts thought that, although they look kind of like teeth, their similarities to

teeth are pretty superficial.

But others pointed out that the fossils were made from a mineral called hydroxylapatite.

This is the same mineral that bones and teeth are made from in vertebrates.

So, this led many scientists to think that they were teeth, maybe from some kind of weird,

extinct fish.

But while paleontologists were spending a hundred years or so debating what conodonts

were, geologists were discovering what conodonts could do.

When a species is really abundant, widespread, distinctive, and found in a restricted span

of time, their remains can be used as Index Fossils.

These are fossils that help geologists correlate and date rock layers all over the world.

And conodonts were all of those things -- abundant, widespread, and composed of lots of distinctive

species.

So they turned out to be some of the most important index fossils from the whole Paleozoic

Era.

In fact, many subdivisions of the Paleozoic are actually defined by when certain conodont

species first or last appear.

For instance, you know when the Devonian Period ends and the Carboniferous Period begins,

because that's when you start finding fossils that belong to a species of conodont known

as Siphonodella sulcata.

Likewise, in the Triassic Period, nearly every age is defined by the first appearance of

various conodonts.

The extinction of Metapolygnathus parvus marks the end of the Carnian, for example, while

the start of the Rhaetian is defined by the first appearance of the genus Misikella.

So, geologists are able to use these fossils to basically tell time!

But conodont elements can do more than just that!

They're also, essentially, geological thermometers!

It turns out that conodont elements actually change color when they're heated up.

And no matter what species they belong to, they go through the same range of color changes

at the same temperatures.

Geologists have used these fossils to devise a six-point scale of how they change from

their natural tan color, to brown, then gray, then black, and finally white, as they get

hotter and hotter.

With this scale, called the Conodont Alteration Index, geologists can use the color of a conodont

that they find, to figure out how hot the surrounding rock once was.

And this can be really important in fields like petroleum geology, because it can reveal

whether sediments ever got hot enough for organic hydrocarbons to be converted into

oil and gas.

So conodont elements quickly became one of the handiest tools in the geologist toolkit.

But meanwhile, paleontologists still had no idea what kind of animals conodonts were.

In the 1970s, fossils of some vaguely fish-like creatures were found in Montana that were

thought to be conodont animals.

But further study revealed that the conodont elements found in those fossils were actually

in the animals' guts.

So it turned out that they weren't conodont animals; they were fossils of creatures that

ate conodont animals!

The mystery lingered until 1983, when fossils were discovered in 350 million year old sediments

from Scotland that brilliantly preserved the soft-bodied animals.

And … they were kinda weird, with long eel-like bodies, tail fins, a stiff rod of tissue down

their backs, and giant bulging eyes.

Thanks to these beautiful specimens, we were able to learn that conodont animals were a

kind of fish after all!

The fossils revealed distinctive, zig-zag-shaped muscles, known as myomeres, which are still

present in fish today.

And the rod down its back was a notochord, an early precursor of the vertebral column

seen in vertebrates.

Both those features--myomeres and notochords--are found only in chordates.

And the fossils also revealed that the tiny, tooth-like conodont elements were concentrated

in the animal's mouth -- but also in its throat!

The elements were arranged in a complicated array of blades and points, like some kind

of horror movie monster.

Some experts think these spines and barbs may have been helpful in gripping and slicing

tiny prey.

But others suggest that they were used to filter plankton from the water.

Either way, the picture of these creatures was finally coming into focus!

Like modern lampreys and hagfish, conodonts were jawless fish, and they were one of the

earliest and most successful groups of vertebrates.

And they thrived all over the world throughout the Paleozoic Era, with many species schooling

in the open ocean like modern sardines, while others stayed closer to shore.

Throughout their history, conodonts were affected by several mass extinctions, including the

Great Dying at the end of the Permian Period 252 million years ago.

But it wasn't until the Triassic-Jurassic Extinction about 200 million years ago that

they were finally wiped out.

A quick rise in carbon dioxide caused the climate to warm up, while the acidity, salinity,

and oxygen levels in the oceans all began to change.

Their final extinction brought an end to 300 million years of conodonts' role as a cornerstone

of the world's ocean communities.

Sad, I know.

But their remains ended up being some of the most important fossils of the entire Paleozoic

Era.

They've helped geologists find oil and tell deep time, while allowing paleontologists

to understand a whole new type of animal life.

Thanks to their success and incredible abundance, they're among the most useful fossils in

the world.

Thanks to CuriosityStream for supporting PBS Digital Studios.

With CuriosityStream you can stream documentary films, and programs about science, nature,

and history, including exclusive originals!

For example, you could check out Planet Dinosaur, a three-part BBC series about the latest discoveries

from the days of the non-avian dinos.

CuriosityStream offers unlimited streaming, and for you Eons viewers -- because I like

your face! -- the first two months are free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/eons

and use the promo code EONS.

Thanks for joining me!

I'm always interested in what you want to learn about!

So leave me a comment below with your questions about ancient life!

And be sure to go to youtube.com/eons and subscribe.

Now I'm sure finding out how precise these tiny teeth fossils are was a bit shocking,

but what shouldn't be surprising is the preciseness of math.

Go learn the language of the universe with our sister channel Infinite Series and find

out what numbers are made of and if there's a way to divide by zero.

For more infomation >> The Most Useful Fossils in the World - Duration: 7:00.

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Sven Co-op στα Ελληνικά | Live stream | SotosLg & dj K.I.R. - Duration: 1:25:06.

For more infomation >> Sven Co-op στα Ελληνικά | Live stream | SotosLg & dj K.I.R. - Duration: 1:25:06.

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TONY ALLYSSON - AUTOR DA VIDA - LIVE SESSION - Duration: 7:11.

For more infomation >> TONY ALLYSSON - AUTOR DA VIDA - LIVE SESSION - Duration: 7:11.

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Porn Stars, Video Games, & Weed - Songify the News #16 ft. Jon Cozart - Duration: 3:39.

Hey guys, sorry I'm late.

What'd I miss?

The president buying the silence of a porn star.

Woah are you serious?

I mean sorry I wasn't listening I was just noticing the sheer size of this panel.

We the best panel.

This panel is so large it has more people than have ever loved me.

I don't even know why I'm here SOMEONE HELP ME.

All right let's do this AC360 style old school.

Coop, hit em!

The president and the porn star

sounds like a failed pitch at Pixar

Just a little bit dirtier than Cars

But it's relatable no matter who you are!

He said, "Wow, you remind me of my daughter"

He touched my leg, I was like ugh here we go.

Then he was on the bed.

And you had sex?

Yes.

He said it was great.

I'll never forget the look on his face.

A lot of America is saying okay (okay)

where are all these republicans today.

The same people who tout family and faith.

You don't take a stand it's crickets now.

Nobody, nobody, nobody speaks.

No, nobody, nobody, nobody blinks.

(nobody blinks)

This is a pattern, A+B MNOP

The porn star

This is a pattern, A+BMNOP

John Dowd, Mr Trump's lawyer, John Dowd,

this is a guy who writes his emails in purple comic sans

oh no

purple Comic Sans

Say it ain't so

even in watergate they wouldn't stoop that low.

Helvetica's the way you've got to go.

Purple Comic Sans

Lord save us

Purple Comic Sans

So shameless

Even Genghis Khan wasn't that cruel a man

He never woulda used purple Comic Sans.

This new stimulus of deficit spending will be as big as Obama's.

Isn't that hypocrisy.

Isn't that dishonesty.

Don't you remember then,

now republicans they do the same thing.

Isn't that hypocrisy.

Isn't that dishonesty.

And they'll tell you that the deficit is bad

when they come home new year's day.

We have to look at what has changed.

it's not the guns, it's video games.

Everything you've said makes sense.

It seems kind of obvious.

So true, yeah just played Mario and started killing all the Koopa Troopas

beat GTA suddenly became a prostitute.

30 minutes of Madden now I'm a tight end for the Raiders.

An hour of The Sims now I'm a courteous neighbor.

Breath of the Wild, attacked some chickens with a bomb.

Pokemon, used bubble beam on your mom.

Quick somebody come stop me

before I play Wolfenstein,

go back in time and fight some Nazis.

State's rights, Marijuana rights.

Don't shut down marijuana rights (please)

State's rights, marijuana rights (spare my weed)

states rights in Colorado.

Trump said marijuana would be up to the states.

State's rights, state's rights in Colorado.

That was the policy until 8:58.

State's rights, state's rights in Colorado.

Marijuana, marijuana policy

is now under a cloud of uncertainty

We were told that state's rights would be protected

Colorado vote would be respected.

Isn't that hypocrisy?

The porn star.

Isn't that dishonesty.

(marijuana rights)

this is a pattern, A+BMNOP.

Purple Comic Sans

Isn't that hypocrisy?

purple Comic Sans

isn't that dishonesty?

It's not the guns, it's video games marijuana rights

A+BMNOP

This panel is so huge Marvel wants to license the rights for a crossover.

Yeah we got so many stars it's like Ocean's11 crossed with Golden Girls.

Mkay you guys, seems like you guys got it covered I'm gonna leave

This panel looks like the features on a DJ Khaled album

Ooooh Check out Jon's channel here

it'll bring you happiness and cheer

And you can get the track too if you want to

Songify the news

Everything sounds better in perfect tune.

For more infomation >> Porn Stars, Video Games, & Weed - Songify the News #16 ft. Jon Cozart - Duration: 3:39.

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ВЫБИЛ AK-47 ОГНЕННЫЙ ЗМЕЙ ПРЯМО С ЗАВОДА ЗА 60 000 РУБЛЕЙ В КС:ГО // AK-47 FIRE SERPENT FACTORY NEW - Duration: 6:06.

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6 Cardio Tips to Help You Lose Weight Faster! - Duration: 5:29.

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FériasStream. Donation Ás 21:00h ??? - Duration: 1:27:25.

For more infomation >> FériasStream. Donation Ás 21:00h ??? - Duration: 1:27:25.

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WATCH OUT For These 6 Dating Red Flags! (Know When To Avoid These Women) - Duration: 14:56.

Duke: Have you ever started dating a girl and you were so enraptured by her

gorgeousness that you were not aware that she was absolutely f*****g crazy?

So many of us when we're looking for new partners we just go around finding new

people it's all very exciting but we don't notice all the little red flags

that are popping up that should alert us to the fact that we're gonna spend the

next six months in misery. I'm Duke Deleat from The Attractive Man team and

today on this video we're gonna give you six dating red flags that you can look

out for so you don't spend all this time doing stupid crap that was not useful

for you, your heart, or your relationship. Make sure to stay till the end of the

video because at the end I'm gonna give you two ways to make sure these flags are real when you see them.

Narrator: Many Boot Camps encourage men to be assertive.

Josiah is a master of Day Game.

Matt: We've done all the testing we know what works Duke: Few years ago I had a friend. He was

a tall good-looking Croatian guy and he hit me up for help. He's like "Let's go

get girls" so we jumped in the car, went to the nightclub, I taught him a few

things, and lo and behold he's starting in dates left and right. But he kept

getting in relationships with girls that would do crazy s**t. They call him up

every couple of hours trying to figure out where he's at. Always keeping tabs on

him like throwing tantrums in front of everybody trying to make him look bad in

front of people and just doing over all nonsensical stuff that doesn't really

belong in a mature relationship. One girl in particular would just nag him over

and over and over about spending time with her and then when he wanted to

spend time with her then she would always be busy or marginalize him off to

the side and he got so frustrated he was like what is the point of dating all

these girls when I can't find one that fits? Just because she's hot doesn't mean

she's compatible with you. That's an important word: compatible. If you could

spend a whole bunch of time with somebody you got to make sure that she's

qualified to be in your life so what's the purpose of dating? So we go out we

talk to new people we get caught up and we do this all to start dating. What's

the purpose of dating? Well, we here at the attractive man team think that dating is

for qualification. It's to qualify whether or not she's compatible with you

enough to keep in your life. She's got to be compatible with your status like

she's gonna kind of fit in your world she got to be compatible with your

values and standards and belief systems so that she's not thinking something

totally different over here than you are over here and then she screws with your

mission and you've also got to be sexually compatible. Now relationship

goals can vary, I mean you could want a wife you could want a girlfriend, you can

want multiple girlfriends, you could just want a whole string of one-night

encounters, whatever kind of relationship you're looking for if it's gonna carry

on more than once you can future-proof that relationship by looking for one of

these or all of these six dating red flags. First red flag: She has an external

locus of control. An external locus, in psychological terms means that she puts

her control in the hands of something else. Another situation, another

person, another inanimate object, sometimes she'll blame her parents,

she'll blame her work, she'll blame all the people around her, she'll blame

anything but herself, and she won't take responsibility for building and creating

her own life. I get it, we're living in the world all the stuffs

going on around us, people say things, cars are moving by, temperature changes,

bills are coming up, all of these other external things are happening around us

and we have to deal with it. That's life. But when we place the control of our

emotions in some other place and we give that responsibility to control us, then

we don't have responsibility for how we feel and act in the world and when you

meet a girl who does that stuff she is very quickly likely to blame you for the

problems in her life. That's gonna come up after a couple of weeks, it might come

up right in the beginning, you don't even see it but if she starts to blame other

things for her issues, like if she's late she blames traffic, she blames the alarm

clock, she blamed the dog, she blames her roommate, she blames or whatever. She's

also gonna blame you the next time, and then the next time, and

the next time, if that becomes consistent behavior, she is going to create so much

drama because she refuses to take responsibility for her part in the

relationship and then the relationship is neither mature nor balanced. Also if

you're not subscribed to us hit the subscribe button, and click the little

bell so you get a notification every time we release something new. We're

doing it like twice three times a week now. Dating red flag number two:

Her social groups values don't match your own. Now when you get caught up in a

new relationship and everything's great, your eyes are all wide and and the

oxytocin's running and the dopamine's running and everything's like oh she's

so great future projecting off, holding hands in the park when you're old. That's

gonna burn off eventually and when you're in that state you're more likely

to act in ways that she expects and conversely

she's more likely to act in ways that she thinks that you're gonna like and

that's just kind of how we build rapport as humans. If you go on hang out with her

friends and you realize they have completely different value systems than

you, chances are she has completely different

value systems than you. She's just not showing it or you're not seeing it

because of all the my god she's amazing things that are

going on in your brain. Every social group has different values than you, the

people who've known her for years and years, and years, and years, chances are

she's that kind of person. Not the standout in her crowd. Conversely, if you

went out with her friends and all of her friends talk smack, and they're like... "So

you're you're dating Katie? So what do you see in her?" And they kind of clown on

her in the public spaces and they're, they're, she's kind of the low status of

their group, then she's gonna see you, know chances are she's not gonna bring

you around those people, but if she unabashedly brings you around those

people and those people are like "Um, yeah you're out of her League." that's a big

red flag. You should listen to that, and you should explore more why her friends

think she's a tool. Dating red flag number three: She acts entitled to all of

her requests. Now I understand confidence, I understand

pride even, it's okay to live in a space where you expect things from people.

However, those things should be earned. You can tell in the way she treats

people of lower status, you know the classic example is like how she treats

the waiter. "You are a moron" If she expects things from him and and she

talks down to him as it comes back, there if she talks about her friends in the

same way, like and while they should just do this, and they should just do that, man

then people always need to call me first and all that stuff. She's gonna end up

doing that to you once the initial attraction burns off. And if she started

acting entitled around you she's more likely to put you in a zone where you're

starting to provide, provide, provide, and then start chasing after her which will

kill the attraction even if that's something that you wanted to do. Dating

red flag number four: You two are actually incompatible. So many people

they'll roll up, they'll talk to each other, then have a nice beautiful evening

wherever they met at the nightclub, or whatever, and then they'll they'll go off

and they'll consummate everything. They'll get all connected and intimate,

and then they won't realize that they were actually incompatible on a

fundamental basis. Signs for this, are you arguing all

time? She's always criticizing everything that you're doing she doesn't agree with

your mission and your purpose and the core things that you're doing with your

life and she doesn't listen to you when you talk about your passions. These are

things that you guys can't fix. She can't just be like: "Oh I'm gonna be a little

bit more attentive to his passions.. mmm yeah..." No. If she's into you, she's

into you, if she's not into you, she's not into you. And many times people are into

each other for the feelings that create for each other, and a lot of times for

their own personal validation, it's like "Oh look! I have a hot girl next to me

look how important I am!" And it may seem kind of sad from an external judgmental

perspective, but most of us do it all the time. You know we have good days and got

bad days, and our bad days we tend to like hey maybe I could have a little

validation. That's kind of normal as a human self-worth thing, so a lot of times

we'll date our partners for the feelings or the status or the validation that

they give us and we won't pay attention to the fact that they are actually

themselves and we don't actually get along with them so watch out for signs

that you're not actually compatible and you'll go a long way into not dating

somebody who's bad for you in the long term. Dating red flag number five: She

sucks at relationships in general. You can see this in a relationship with her

friends, relationships with her family, how she talks about her ex-boyfriend how

she talks about her friends ex-boyfriends. You can see her views on

how relationships work, how communication works. Now there's not necessarily right

or wrong to this, but how she communicates should either be as good as

or more effective than how you communicate. That way the communication

stays balanced and you guys can actually get to know each other without all of

these weird dramatic significant things happening. So you can tell that she sucks

at relationships in general by hearing about how she talks to her family, how

she talks to her friends, and how she talks to her exes, if she has commitment

issues you'll be able to see that if you just pay attention to it.

If she has a string of bad relationships and she keeps doing the same thing over

and over and over again, you can pick up on that if you aren't just blinded by

her beauty and her awesome girlishness and,

and, just pay attention, and when you pay attention to that stuff you can pick up.

Oh she tends to do things like this, and I'm kind of the next one in the line of

these things she's probably gonna act very similarly. And the sixth dating red

flag is: She plays power games. People look at life in the number of different

ways they look at it as a game, they look at his competition, they look at it as a

collaboration, they look at it as an experience, a journey, there's all these

metaphors to use for life, but if she looks at life as a competition where she

must win and everybody else must lose, she will do things that will hold her

power over you on a constant basis. Relationships should be a back and forth,

whether or not you look at it as a competition or not, it should be fairly

balanced as it continues to move along and no one person should be dragging the

other person along, you know the initial attraction phase we say make her chase,

you and all that stuff, but in any sort of relationship where you're becoming

intimate, that intimacy will die if there's too much of an imbalance in the

power dynamic. So if she starts to play games, especially like if she like

withholds sex, or she's super violent, or she flips out and starts screaming at

you to get you to shut up, any of those types of like just over-the-top

responses. Those are not real, like those that's not her natural way of doing

things. She does them because it gets her in the winner position, it gets her in

the higher power seat in the relationship, so if she exhibits all that

stuff super early it says a lot about how she's gonna treat you later on in

the relationship when the relationship gets deeper and more invested and more

settled in. She's gonna continue to do those types of power games later on and

they're just gonna be more and more intense as you begin to challenge her

for her role of power in the relationship. A lot of girls because

they've been hurt so many times they don't trust themselves to make good

decisions with mature relationships and so they go into relationships trying to

maintain a one-upmanship over their partner just so that when they cut bait

and leave they don't have to feel responsible for giving up too much

investment or too much of their heart into the relationship. Now spotting these

red flags can be pretty tricky because people are pretty dynamic, but if you can

know what to look for you can get pretty good

filtering people out who aren't compatible with you. So if you're taking

notes, write this thing down because I'll help you be sure these red flags and

you're seeing them is super simple. Tip number one: Look for consistency. If she

does these things over and over and over and over again, then obviously that thing

is a pattern. So look for consistency, however if she doesn't one time, or two

times, or very infrequently, then you can't really count on the fact that

that's her normal behavior. Sometimes specific situations or certain stressors

will bring up a type of behavior because she's handled it in normal life but then

she gets something that she's not expecting and she'll flip out in a

little way, I mean I still do this and sometimes when I get super panicked. I have

a mentor, his name is Johnny Sapporo, and he says that "A sample of one only

determines that the behavior exists but it's not sufficient data to determine

frequency." And that's it, right, if she flips out over something or in a

particular situation, or she's super tired, she acts a certain way that she

doesn't normally act like... you know just pin her down: "Oh no red flag get

out of my life!" That's bad news. We don't wanna do that,

but if it happens over and over again pretty consistently you could be pretty

sure that it's gonna continue to happen over and over again on through the rest

of eternity, and if you're okay with that, then you're okay with that. But if you're

not, then get out. Verifying red flags number two: Communicate early when you

see things happen. Just call it out. Like, "Hey um I noticed you did this and I

don't understand why anybody would do that, what's what's going on? What's going

on in your head while you're thinking that?" And she'll either respond, she'll

not respond, and blow it off, or she'll cut you off and punish you for calling

up something that's been a problem her entire life, and be gauging by her

response you'll get a feeling of how she's gonna continue to handle these

types of situations as you bring them up. Like if she has something that you and

she are not compatible with and then you kind of bring that up, and she flips out

like crazy and and abuses you, then obviously you're gonna want to know that

as you carry on a future relationship with her because any little thing that

you guys disagree on she's going to become abusive, and that's

not acceptable to me, and I sure as hell hope it's not acceptable to you. So

you've been going out, getting dates, and now you know what to look for so you

don't get stuck in a crazy time wasting long relationship that isn't good for

you. If you're not getting dates, check out Matt's video where he shows

you how to go from the approach all the way to the date, and shows you exactly

what to say to keep a sexual vibe going, so that you can get the date super super

quickly. Check out the link in the bottom of the video to access it, go check it

out now if that's your problem. And if you want to train live with us, click the

link below, because we're going all over the world doing live workshops probably

in your city. Until next time, Cheers!

For more infomation >> WATCH OUT For These 6 Dating Red Flags! (Know When To Avoid These Women) - Duration: 14:56.

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YOGA Y MEDITACIÓN EN EL BARRIO - MEDELLIN EN 3 - Duration: 3:01.

Children are our future. I found out about a foundation called "Enciendo Mi Corazon"

that is using a different method to support children in vulnerable situations in lesser-off neighborhoods.

Through yoga and meditation, they are instilling values like

respect, love and non-violence as they are preparing a new generation of leaders.

Alberto, how did you identify the need to create the foundation?

Three years ago when I came to Medellin, I was invited to teach a yoga class

to children in a lesser-off neighborhood and I could see the social-economic difference.

I got to know the personal situations of many of those kids that have dealt with violence,

addiction and abuse and I knew that yoga and meditation

was a great way to be able to improve their lives.

Why is yoga a good activity for children?

The core values of the foundation are love, respect and non-violence;

and these values are passed on to the kids in every class.

This way, they find their inner peace, love themselves and learn to respect others.

Have you noticed a difference in the lives of the kids?

Yes, we have noticed that three months after starting class, they start to feel more love,

they respect their friends and they are more calm.

What does the future look like for the foundation?

It is a non-profit organization, and we work with volunteers.

We invite all professors of yoga for kids to volunteer with the foundation.

The more teachers that we have, the more kids we can reach.

We also invite individuals or businesses to donate to the foundation which are deductible.

Why do you like to practice yoga?

Because I get to learn and they teach me the values of respect and honesty.

I want the world to be a more peaceful place with no more violence.

When I close my eyes, I relax a lot, find my inner peace and I can take big steps forward in my life.

The foundation has 10 volunteers working with organizations with more than

250 kids in 8 lesser-off neighborhoods in Medellin on a weekly basis.

Thanks to foundations like this one, hundreds of kids are more equipped to build a better society!

This is MEDELLIN EN 3!

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