Thứ Năm, 30 tháng 8, 2018

Waching daily Aug 30 2018

In 2122, a Weyland-Yutani starfreighter registered as the Nostromo detected and partially decoded

an unidentified signal originating from LV-426, a desolate and largely ignored planet.

A team sent to uncover the source of the signal discovered the remains of a derelict spacecraft,

almost certainly alien in origin.

While compelled to investigate further by Weyland-Yutani regulations, the true nature

of the signal was discovered far too late: it was not an SOS, but a warning.

In the ensuing hours, the seven-man crew of the Nostromo was torn apart by a creature

whose structural perfection was matched only by its hostility.

When every means to combat this "xenomorph" was exhausted, the Nostromo was set to self destruct.

The light shuttle Narcissus escaped with a sole survivor, Ellen Louise Ripley.

30 years old at the time of the Nostromo incident, Ripley was already an experienced warrant

officer having served on a variety of ships in the United Americas merchant navy.

Prior to her final voyage aboard the Nostromo, Ripley had renegotiated her contract with

Weyland-Yutani, intending to take an extended leave to spend more time with her daughter Amanda.

Instead, the Narcissus drifted for fifty-seven years straight through the core systems of

the network until she was picked up by chance by a deep space salvage team.

When she awoke, her report on the events that led to the destruction of the Nostromo was

met with skepticism.

Amanda had died years earlier and this news, combined with her experiences, left her diagnosed

with a variety of post-traumatic and comorbid stress disorders.

Her career stripped away and her warnings over the dangers of LV-426 ignored, Ripley

relocated to Earth, securing employment as a Power Loader operator.

When contact with Hadley's Hope, a terraforming colony on LV-426 was severed, Ripley was approached

by the United States Colonial Marine Corps to serve as an advisor on a mission to ascertain

the status of the colony.

When they arrived, Hadley's Hope appeared deserted, but Ripley's worst fears were

realized when xenomorphs of the same type encountered on the Nostromo were discovered

in far greater numbers.

Despite the marine's overwhelming firepower, they were far too few to make any difference.

Together with Rebecca Jorden, better known as "Newt", Ripley attempted to aid the

marines as best she could as they were set upon by Xenomorphs, before retreating to the

orbiting USS Sulaco.

A xenomorph queen, first encountered within the colony's Atmosphere Processor, had latched

onto their dropship however, and it was only through Ripley's expertise in the Power

Loader that herself, Newt and Senior Corporal Dwayne Hicks were spared and the queen destroyed.

In a cruel repetition of fate, the Sulaco crashed on Fiorina 161 and Ripley was again

the sole survivor.

A former commercial mining venture, the planet had been repurposed to serve as a penal labor

colony for particularly dangerous inmates.

After repairing the remains of Bishop, an android originally in service aboard the Sulaco,

Ripley discovered that a xenomorph had been responsible for their crash landing, and likely

present somewhere within the Correctional Facility.

The deaths of multiple inmates confirmed the creature's existence and the inmates of

Fiorina turned to Ripley for leadership, once her previous expertise had been revealed.

However, Ripley had begun to suffer mysterious physical ailments since arriving on the planet,

and she soon realized that one of the creatures was maturing inside her.

After the roaming xenomorph was finally destroyed, Ripley was approached by a team of scientists

and commandos under the authority of Weyland-Yutani.

Despite their assurances that they could save her life, Ripley understood that their only

goal was to study and exploit the creature within her.

Desperate to prevent anyone else from sharing her fate, Ripley threw herself into a furnace,

ensuring the extinction of the xenomorph species.

The horrific events suffered by Ripley traumatized her greatly, but her defining aspect was the

immeasurable will and perseverance she displayed in dealing with tragedy and adversity.

Even before her encounter aboard the Nostromo, Ripley was a professional, capable of maintaining

a calm focus and executing orders in even the most dangerous situations.

She possessed an enormous moral fortitude, routinely risking her own life to ensure the

safety of others.

Ripley held little tolerance for those she deemed untrustworthy or incapable of decisive action.

When the situation required it, she would quickly take command rather than waiting for

permission or orders.

While her encounters with the xenomorphs left her colder and more apathetic towards her

own life, she never lost her compassion or sense of honor.

Through her sacrifice, humanity was saved from the worst aspects of its own nature,

but perhaps, only for a time.

In Dossier, the Templin Institute investigates the legendary figures from alternate worlds.

If you have a suggestion for a future episode, let us know in the comments section and if

you'd like to support us directly, a link to our Patreon can be found in the description.

For more infomation >> Ellen Ripley | Alien | Dossier - Duration: 6:01.

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Melting Marshmello - Alone (Unofficial Music Video) - Duration: 3:27.

I'm so alone

Nothing feels like home

I'm so alone

Trying to find my way back home to you

I'm so alone

Nothing feels like home

I'm so alone

Trying to find my way back home to you

I'm so alone

Trying to find my way back home to you

I'm so alone

For more infomation >> Melting Marshmello - Alone (Unofficial Music Video) - Duration: 3:27.

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Rangli Rangli Chunariya Tere Naam By Kanhiya Mittal || Latest Bhajan 2018 || Divya Shakti - Duration: 12:23.

For more infomation >> Rangli Rangli Chunariya Tere Naam By Kanhiya Mittal || Latest Bhajan 2018 || Divya Shakti - Duration: 12:23.

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Thoughts on KSI - Duration: 12:24.

For more infomation >> Thoughts on KSI - Duration: 12:24.

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Jeampier Goitia - Si supieras ( Audio oficial) - Duration: 3:39.

For more infomation >> Jeampier Goitia - Si supieras ( Audio oficial) - Duration: 3:39.

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Battery Solutions for Powering Sony Mirrorless and DSLR's - Duration: 10:20.

Are you trying to run your camera with these we do the batteries?

Send my battery solutions here on the slanted lens blow for dslr's and for Sony mirrorless by any Pro

Check it out. Next on slanted lens

Hi, this is JP Morgan today on slanted lens we're gonna talk about battery solutions for DSLRs and for Sony mirrorless cameras

Why are we talking about this because it's a constant frustration for me on set. I like using DSLRs

I like using the Sony mirrorless sunset as a cinema camera solution

But the battery solution has never been as effective as the cameras were when you're working on sets

So there's a couple of things I came up with first off the sony a7r 2 battery was just it impossible

Impossible that one didn't work for five minutes. It wasn't worth the time took to put it into the camera

It really wasn't the new battery from Sony is much better

This gives us a lot more time on camera, but it still ends up

I'm about to the point where I want to continue in my interview. It's going great

The battery's getting close and now I start thinking about do I have enough battery time?

Do I have enough and it just gets frustrating? I don't like that one either. These are good batteries

Don't get me wrong. If you're doing still photography. These will shoot all day long

Well may not quite all day long, but they'll shoot a long long time

But if you're doing cinema and you got a screen going and you're shooting video, these are just not a good solution

need something else

So I've turned to more of a cinema solution to run my DSLR cameras for a couple of reasons

these 98 watt batteries are perfect for traveling because you can carry them onto the airplane with you and they don't harass you and you

Got plenty of battery solution when you get to the location

So here's how I'm using these things and there's several different ways to attach them to the camera

to attach them to the light stands are the things you're working on to be able to power these cameras in any

situation that they're in

number one simply an AC power supply

That has a dummy battery you plug this in the back of your camera plug this into the wall

And you now have power all day long?

Which is a great solution if you're standing right next to power all day long. It is not a great time lapse solution

there's not a solution if you're on set and you want to be moving your camera all around but if you're gonna set up and

do an interview and talk to someone for several hours or for a couple hours or something a

power solution is not a bad way to go plug it in and use it if I put a camera over head and

I don't want to have to touch it and I use cameras overhead like right now a lot

Then an AC power supply is a great way to go

You can power your camera not have to worry about ever having to touch it and you can run it all day long now

I looked up online and there are some super cheap versions of this online like 60 bucks

beware, those are just not great long-term solutions get something that's going to last you a little while if you're not close to

A power supply then a great solution is a DTaP with a dummy battery that goes to your camera

They make these for Sony's they make these for canons

They make them for all the different cameras out there the nice thing about this

Is it now it hooks to this battery and you can take the camera anywhere you want?

So the problem is how do I hold this battery around and it's just it's a battery. It's too heavy

It's just hard to deal with there's a way to get this battery next to your camera and run it off from this DTaP cable

So this is a golden mount plate I've taken off from another light that I had

I had a couple of these laying around that's just really a holder for the battery

there's nothing electrical about it and I'm gonna put a quarter twenty female corner 20 on this plate and it's just got a

Adhesive on the back and I'm just gonna stick it right in this corner right here

I do not have enough faith in the mighty mount. So I'm gonna glue the heck out of this thing with

Superglue something to make sure that that is not going to go anywhere. I'm gonna let that dry now

So the goal here is to be able to hook this on to either a bogan clamp super clamp

What do we call these guys? So I'm just gonna simply take this as soon as this dries

I will have this on here now. I have a plate to be able to hold my battery and this will attach here and

That will clamp on to the boom. That's gonna hold my camera now

This becomes a feed to my camera so I can power my camera and here it is overhead. Let's take a look at it

It's just a simple

Cook that under plates I've now got my cable goes into my camera

I can turn this battery on that battery's gonna run that mark three overhead for a long long long long time

All right, take it away camera goes away

Yeah, that's not easy to do

If you don't want to do a DIY battery plate

Then the teletype makes this great dummy gold mount battery plate and they make it envy mount as well that has a stand mount

So hook that on to a stand and if you happen to have a D tap to dummy battery

you hook your D tap on the back of your

End of the camera and you're good to go so there's one by Intel attack

Nd Pro Tools also makes a battery plate with a dummy battery, but it's kind of quarter-twenty spot on the back of it

This is perfect because now that corner 20 can just simply go into this little stand little clamp that they have

and

That little clamp

Can hook it on to your stand now? You've got a dummy battery that goes right into your camera. You're good to go

Added bonus this nd Pro Tools gold mount quarter 20 plate

And it's kind of battery connected to it can also serve it's a dummy battery

Just simply unplug this out of your camera now. I've got a D tap on the side

Any cable that goes to any camera? I can hook up D tap on the side and this now becomes a dummy battery or I

Can hook it into two cameras and then two cameras off from the same battery added bonus

So let's talk about some cinema style solutions here

The number one and probably the cheapest if you own Sony l-series type batteries is this Sony l-series battery pack

This takes two sony l series batteries

Both of them have to be on then

This is a dummy battery that goes to it a7 r2 so it's a double rail system double rail system

All these cinema solutions are gonna run on a double rail system

Which means you hook this to the two rails and that's your power supplies

You can put it up. But if you want to get it out of the way, you put it down

You can hook it wherever you want

If you want to put it in the front you put on the front depends on where you want it

Most people put it towards the back, but that's a great solution

If you already have these sony l series batteries because it's a very inexpensive

Solution to be able to get power to your camera and these are gonna run a lot longer

These L series batteries come in a lot of different sizes

So a lot of different options is gonna make this run a long long time

Now if you have gold mount batteries like I do

then this is a great solution because this is a battery plate a gold mount plate and

This has a double rail system hooks onto the back of your camera right there

Tighten it down and you're ready to go

you can put this battery up out or

like I say you put it in front anywhere you want to put it but that now hooks my golden mount batteries go on to

The plate and this becomes a great solutions got the dummy battery that goes into the camera

They have these for the h7 r3 as well as the Mark threes and fours

I mean

There's just these kinds of cinema style

Solutions this I think is a really good solution

If you have a V mount battery or a gold mount battery

They come in both of those different plates so you can put on the back your camera, you know

It's swapping batteries out all the time, which is really my goal

That's why we're doing this now one of the problems about these batteries is that they're very slow to recharge

It takes several hours to get these things to recharge

That's why I'm excited about the fact that any probe came up with this super charger

This cuts the battery charging time

Will these 98 watt batteries down to like an hour and 15 minutes?

which is incredible because I think these can go as high as

Seven hours on some charger depend on the charger not all chargers are the same and get a very cheap charger and it'll take forever

to charge one of these batteries but where the super charger takes about an hour and 15 minutes do that 98 watt battery and

Also, this will make sure that your battery is not under charge. It'll make sure it's not overcharge

It will shut down automatically if the battery starts to overheat

The super charger is worth the money because it gets your batteries off the charging and back in a service a lot

Supercharger Andy pearl also makes a 16 point 8 volt 1 amp

wall charger

What I love about this is just the fact that I can throw this in my bag and I can charge my batteries and this

Is all I have this tiny little thing goes with thee the supercharger is fabulous

But it's big the big charger that puts 2 batteries on it is huge

This makes a very compact travel friendly way to charge your batteries when you're on location

I think that's a great solution but last of all a little bonus

And this is a little they call this an D

USB

Adapter the new nd Pro batteries already come with the USB not all of these gold mount batteries do a lot of my old batteries

do not plug this in you now have the ability to not only run your camera through the DTaP but also to

Charge your phone on that USB, which is a great option because there's so many apps that run my time-lapse that run different devices

I want to be able to charge my phone while I'm shooting with my camera great solution there

so there you have it some great solutions on how to run your camera both your DSLR or your mirrorless camera when you're out on

Location I believe if you're in a cinema style situation doing interviews doing doc style work

You need a longer battery type solution

You truly do something that's going to allow you to shoot a long time and not have to worry about battery

You don't want to have to be out on location trying to find power trying to deal with all that charger batteries

take a good-size battery that's going to hook to your cinema rails or

Onto the stand or the overhead camera and let it run all day long. That's a solution that really makes sense

So keep those cameras rolling and keep on clicking

We really appreciate everyone who's contributing to translating our lessons into other languages

We've got great translation going on people are translating Portuguese and Spanish and Italian Russia

I mean a lot of great languages if you click on the translate link below here

you'll be able to translate we'll review it and post it and become a part of that community who's translating all of our videos into

The other languages so translate owain

So make sure you subscribe to the slanted lens if you subscribe to the slanted lens. I might just make you a raisin filled cookie

Your grandma loves these subscribe push on the button and love you

Love your mam don't ever change

For more infomation >> Battery Solutions for Powering Sony Mirrorless and DSLR's - Duration: 10:20.

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Europe 2018 | Vlog 4 - Duration: 9:19.

I haven't stopped and had a vacation in 2 years.

Like literally.

Now I'm gonna get 1 month off.

I might go backpacking through Europe.

For more infomation >> Europe 2018 | Vlog 4 - Duration: 9:19.

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Atheist Problem of Evil (Greg Bahnsen) - Duration: 10:58.

The problem of evil is first of all a logical problem

Let me try to explain

you'll be told that Christians hold to a

Series of premises and that you cannot hold all of those premises

Consistently and I'm going to simplify this we believe that God is Allgood

Secondly, we believe that God is all-powerful

Thirdly, we believe that evil exists but as the argument goes if God is all good. He wouldn't want that evil

Secondly, if he's all powerful he could eliminate that evil

Therefore if evil exists God is either not all good or not all-powerful

And that's the logical problem of evil allegedly

There's an incoherence in the Christian worldview because we have premises which will not logically hang together

But I'm going to ask this question

If you if you remember I put up on the board again the four things you keep looking at

When somebody gives an argument against Christianity you want to know if that argument will fly ask is this an arbitrary?

Consideration are there inconsistencies in this presentation? What are the consequences of it? What are the preconditions of it?

For whom is evil logically a problem

is

Evil, logically a problem for the Christian or is evil logically a problem for the non-christian

It should be obvious upon reflection that the unbeliever

cannot urge the problem of evil against you or against me unless

The unbeliever has the right to assert there is evil

If there's nothing that counts as evil

then there's no problem of evil that has to be accounted for and so it's crucial to the unbelievers case against

Christianity to be able to assert that there's evil in the world

To evaluate some specific instance as an instance of evil

So, what does the unbeliever mean by good and evil by what standard does the unbeliever determine

What counts as good or what counts is evil?

What are the presuppositions in terms of which the unbeliever makes any?

moral judgment about goodness or evil

whatsoever

Perhaps the unbeliever takes the word good and evil to pertain to what evokes public approval or disapproval

but if evil or good pertains to the evoking of approval or disapproval that on the basis

On that basis. The following statement would always be

Senseless, we sometimes say the vast majority of the community

Heartily approved of and willingly joined in that evil deed

but you see if evil is what evokes the community's

Disapproval then it could never be true that the majority of people engaged in an evil deed

The unbeliever you see is using a concept of evil that

Actually precludes a very common line of discussion or comment in the English language

The fact that a large number of people feel a certain way doesn't

Shouldn't rationally convince anybody that that feeling is correct. Ethics doesn't reduce the statistics

Ordinarily people think of the goodness of something as evoking

Their approval rather than their approval

Constituting it's goodness

See even unbelievers talk and act as though there are personal traits

Actions or things which possess the property of goodness or the property of evil

Irrespective of the attitudes or beliefs or feelings that people have about those traits actions or things

Now if there's problems in saying that good and evil are defined but what evokes the approval of most people or the

disapproval of most people then the problem is even worse if you think that good is defined but what evokes the approval of the individual

rather than the public at large

By the use of the word good somebody means I approve

Then it turns out that we could never ever agree with each other in ethical judgments

If good means Greg approves of it

So when I say, you know helping that old lady that was good and sometimes is okay

Good means evokes the approval of the speaker

Then it turns out you and I can never agree on an ethical judgment, you know, why

because when I say helping the old lady is good what I mean is I approve of it when I say that you

Think helping the old lady is good. That means that you approve of it

But that you approve every button that I approve of it is not the same

judgment one is a judgment about me one's a judgment about you and

Therefore there is no public or objective nature to good

The unbeliever usually turns then to what's called

instrumental theories of good saying that good is defined by the consequences that are brought about by an attitude or an action an

Action is good. If it achieves a certain end like the greatest happiness for the greatest number what we call utilitarianism

now the irrelevance of that concept of goodness for making ethical determinations is

That one would need to be able to rate and compare

happiness in

Order to make any judgment about goodness

If I say the good Act is what promotes the greatest happiness for the greatest number then I need to be able to evaluate

Or in some way measure the happiness that is created by the action

Moreover I need to be able to compare because some actions might bring

unhappiness to a few individuals or maybe to emit too many and the same action would bring happiness to a

lot of individuals or a few so you have unhappiness and happiness that have to be balanced and

Then you have to draw on that judgment

Okay, so I'm gonna give you an illustration

Let's say we take one of the students at the conference maybe one of the students that's you know, particularly disliked

Hasn't been showering using deodorant this week

And I bring this person up here and I say now I've got this pin and I propose to stick this pin in this individual

Now how many of you are going to be made happy by my doing that?

Why don't have it? I said how many of you think it's gonna hurt him? That's why we want you to let him have it

But you see I've got to measure his unhappiness if I'm going to be a utilitarian

Okay, and so what if the person now appeals with nice ways like your buys that don't take the bid in me I say give

me an argument you

Utilitarian you he says well it so happens that the amassed

unhappiness that I will undergo

Outweighs the total happiness of this group. I

Said well, I don't think that's true. But he's going to say well then how do you prove otherwise?

You say utilitarianism which appeals to so many people in fact liberal theology thinks utilitarianism

Which was destroyed philosophically long before Joseph Fletcher got hold of it and thought that was the way to define love

Utilitarianism makes it impossible to make moral judgments

All we can do is guess at what would bring the greatest happiness for the greatest number

We can't really prove it one way or another because we can't calculate all the consequences and we can't compare pains and pleasures

Utilitarianism is really unworkable. But there's even a more fundamental logical problem with utilitarianism

Utilitarianism or any consequential

instrumental view of goodness says

Good is what produces a particular end?

But you see you could only know that that was good if the end that is mentioned is what?

Good

that is to say

Consequential theories of ethics always begged the question as to what is intrinsically good

As I say well the good is whatever achieves this goal

Libertarians will say it's good if it maximizes freedom for people

Well, they're right if freedom for people is itself good, but that's what has to be defended

Unbelievers, don't do that

So I've tried to run through quickly some views of goodness that have been propagated in the 20th century

evokes approval public

Individual or as instrumental and it turns out none of them are workable theories of meta ethics

That is the philosophy of ethics. What is the nature of good and evil? Why am I bothering to bore you with these illustrations because

If the unbeliever says you have an inconsistency in your system

You say God is Allgood you say God is all-powerful

And then there's this evil you have the right to say

Can you prove that that's evil and it turns out they can't prove that what they're talking about is evil

The point is you can say that it's evil because your worldview accounts for that judgment

Because there is a living and true creator of heaven and earth who sovereignly controls all things and his character is holy and

Unchanging has revealed himself and so forth and so on. It makes perfectly good sense for a Christian say child molestation is wicked

It's abominable in the eyes of God. I would argue that it should be punished with death. It's so terrible

But I can make sense of that. What you want to know is how can the unbeliever make sense of that?

When a person condemns child molestation or you can pick whatever example you want they are assuming moral

absolutes

but moral absolutes cannot be made sense of are not

Intelligible, except in the Christian worldview. The problem of evil is not even

Intelligible, you can't even make sense of the problem of evil unless you begin with the Christian conception of the world

For more infomation >> Atheist Problem of Evil (Greg Bahnsen) - Duration: 10:58.

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AMAZING PLANTED AQUARIUMS - Aquarium Design Group. Aquascaping Masters - Duration: 15:24.

you

if there was going to be a dream team of

aquascape birds coming out of the United

States we've got some guys from the Aqua

campers collective that would be on that

team but if I had that grab two captains

for that team you're staying at them

right here we've got Jeff and Mike Cenci

from the aquarium design group I'm sure

many of you have heard of it if you have

it in about 2008 I went to the aquatic

Gardeners convention and I saw these

guys aquariums and it kind of changed my

game and they both have studied under

the late takashi amano and have been

instrumental in the aquarium just design

game here in the US you can see some of

the stuff coming on behind here I am

super excited to have it they have an

amazing gallery down in Houston then

I've had people that have nothing to do

with playing aquariums or design stay

it's simply remarkable

just like pioneers these guys do

background designs for some of the like

ready-made designs it's a great honor to

introduce Mike and Jeff's desk in the

aquarium design group thank you so much

thank you desk

I'm babysitting introduction there

that's how it is really awesome thank

you so much

so yeah it's real honor to be here this

shows been absolutely just exceeding all

expectations so yeah I guess we're just

gonna maybe talk a little bit about our

philosophy kind of what our perspective

is on aquarium hobby and maybe a little

bit about the industry in general our

approach and a lot of what we do with

the designs we create and a lot of the

sort of aquascaping philosophy that we

employ is geared towards attracting or

or showing somebody something I think

most of us would agree is a is a fairly

sophisticated expression inside the

aquarium right this is a this is not

blue gravel and a bubbling sea chest not

that there's anything wrong with that

but it's showing something that's

sophisticated or has an eye for

aesthetics or design or composition or

kind of leading with design I'd love to

see just a cultural shift where it was

just more common for people to have

aquariums in their spaces and we're

always looking to ways

to do that you know and just on the

subject of resources with the fantastic

you know Aquos capers collector here and

you guys as you know hip with the fourth

place award in the ia plc this year

number one of just a massive

accomplishment for any an Aquos caper to

an even more significant accomplishment

for a for somebody who aquascape twith

in the u.s. there's a couple of other

guys that put us a but they you know if

you're putting USA as your entry is fine

but you live in Japan and this is a

different thing and by that I mean the

resources available this ties into kinda

what I'm talking about as far as our

philosophy but to achieve a high level

work in the United States today we talk

about the world stage of aquascaping

this is a much much much bigger feat

that the rest of the world I don't think

has any idea because the guys

aquascaping in that Asian and European

markets unless you've been there you

cannot begin to fathom the depth and

vastness of the resources there so to

pull together something what if did

takes a lair of a vision and

determination and creativity that I I'm

gonna make it my a little personal

campaign maybe here in the social media

everything else over the next year to

really kind of draw a little attention

to the significance of that given the

bordering on scarcity of the types of

resources specifically for aquascaping

that they have in the rest of the world

that I think we're all really really

passionate about building here obviously

guys like Dustin to just just really

doing the work to try and bring these

things to everybody and even at that I'm

sure knowing that the struggles and

obviously increased demand just fuels

all of this and so while sometimes in

our work you might see a plastic plant

you may see you know a lot of our

hardscape only designs are very minimal

you know that I know isn't necessarily

to the tastes of everybody's particular

niche perhaps but just always know that

that's what what I when I put a plastic

plant in the tank it's really only

trying to open the door it's trying to

show greater opportunity to people as an

entry point because as all our

high-level Aquos papers here know do

that is not an easy thing to do and

there's a body of mod knowledge a lot of

experience if you just set up a plan of

tank with co2 bright light and soil

don't don't have travel plans for at

least the next 30 to 60 days I mean it's

just it would be a mistake you're not

going on vacation for a week because

you're gonna be needing to keep an eye

on this thing you're going to be doing

the water changes all the rest of it

this is my brother Mike first of all

thank you Destin I always enjoy talking

on the phone thanks for having us over

here and sharing the love brother and

staying diligent and doing the work and

boots on the ground and making it happen

and awesome to see the like debacle

escapers here as well keeping the

movement going aquascaping the live

aquascaping demos over there and working

with people i think is amazing gives

people a first animist initial

experience of putting it together and

how cool it can be meant all that for

both speaking for Jeff also it's been a

it's the whole Aqua Shella thing we

haven't done any things like this we

haven't he just been to the aquatic

experience and stuff but I haven't been

out to things that these things in a

while so it's always nice and refreshing

to get away from a DG and just the

inspiration and meeting and seeing you

guys and just getting all the positive

feedback and all the love and everything

and taking all that that back with us as

well but I think what Jeff said you know

he's better wording it properly to just

overall philosophy and

with aquascaping in the design and just

the initial inspiration and getting

getting those people you know there's

all the hobbyists that are into relevant

you know do it but getting those those

people into at the aquarium lover that

that love and acorrea been approaching

it where it's just not so intimidating

you know with the right plants maybe

just kind of developed a style in the

gallery just using you know you know

anubius mosses the cardia you know

lucifer Landrieu's and things like that

that are just we're not committed to a

soil you're not necessarily committed to

daily water changes but yet it's

extremely beautiful and I think getting

people into that success early on is

important and we kind of continuing on

as well and then a bracing aquascaping

everything like you know I hate to use

like a term but like they're like oh

geez right like a good gangster so I

want to kind of take that term and

somehow tie it to a motto but I think

that I think there's they wanted to talk

about it and I think it's worth kind of

pointing out King Mike can you kind of

talk about your origins with this like

did you guys have been doing this for a

while can you kind of talk about how you

all got into it I did a kid doctor

skating contest because I want to poison

the young kids but can you talk about

like you know when you were younger how

that started and how you guys got to

become a tease you can give you a quick

cliff notes of it so aquariums go back

in our family cut but go back in our

family a couple of generations our

father was born in Germany our

grandfather kept aquariums in Germany

and had me at a young age and their

aquariums are always in the house

he's a veterinarian and even when he was

in veterinary school he had a small

aquarium store in Oklahoma so the first

time I had my five gallon aquarium and

Guppies with some floating hornwort and

the Guppies had babies that was it was

that was on from there Jeff would kind

of follow into the Hobby a little bit

later and embrace it early on in the 90s

we did have kind of I myself when both

of us have kind of work full circle in

industry as young young guys worked from

our experience in retail shops in the

early 90s we had a small retail aquarium

store took on a lot of learning lessons

at that time went on to start aquarium

design group in 99 2000 which was a

challenging year but had the opportunity

to meet a mano at this first trip here

for the aga convention at that time Jeff

who's handles all the corn design group

the social media all the photography all

the video they're all familiar with his

self talk so he has no formal training

in photography or video so we hired you

know you see our contextual

photographers shoot a picture of an

aquarium in a room you'd see the room

not the aquarium and Jeff really found a

way to bring the eternium into the space

so we travel to the first AGA and I

remember sitting in the lobby both Jeff

and I we hand Amano our pictures that

Jeff had taken of our early on

aquascapes this is 2000 2000 2001 and

that these words is still stick with us

today I'm honest said you you have

beautiful aquariums you take nice

pictures but your aquariums lack

philosophy and we kind of knew what that

has like obi-wan cannot be kind of

telling like look

no you're just putting some stuff

together there's not a philosophy or a

vision behind that so and we had the

opportunity to also become an ad a

distributor for many years that allowed

us the opportunity to go to Japan for

nature cornering parties Jeff actually

stayed there longer on one visit and did

the whole nature aquarium certification

program as well and had a two to two or

three two or three opportunities I guess

that every time I wanted would come here

for the AJ we would have him back in our

hotel room with a half gallon of Jack

Daniel's and you know through a

translator but we're able to ask a lot

of questions on it also as a business as

well you know like hey did you know did

you have that account or somebody

sitting over you when you want to go to

this Knox escape you're in the business

you know what it's like when you want to

expand or do something that inspires

people you got to think about the

dollars you put behind it and it

resonated with us as well as like now I

just I did it for the passion I did I

did it and to inspire and then the rest

would follow to follow behind that you

know so we're going on our 18th year in

business it's not said it's a chance of

challenging business a lot a lot of what

you see that we do covers everything

from you know decorative fresh water

with plastic plants to live Reed's got a

great staff or a staff of about 20 in

Houston staff marine biologists as well

we don't do a lot of live planted tanks

we actually don't do any live planet

tanks for our service and maintenance

clientele because that commitment when

they see a you know a high tech high

level they see in a mono picture in the

mirror your own personal work that

you've done you win an award with we all

know what that commitment is and so they

in the quarry maintenance service

business that's not a scalable model

would we love to do that what I love to

have a to meet you guys in Houston doing

nothing but aquascaping high level plant

tanks sure that that's in that we're not

there yet you know but that is still

Jeff and

our true core passion is definitely if

to see if he ever had to we weren't in

the business he had to take it take away

at all and say okay you guys get to

choose one style of aquarium to do and

that's it it would be the plan in the

corner for sure you have Jeff you want

to add anything to that I'm just on the

note of mr. Mona because it's I can't

stress enough and I maybe got caught up

in a little bit of a spiel yesterday

with the Aqua skaters collective guys

just about the importance and the

influence and kind of just a certain

reverence for for him that is it's just

personally I guess sort of important to

me because when we say aquascaping that

he we can trace that still to one man

and the man just passed three years ago

this isn't like a hundred and fifty

years ago there was this guy doing this

thing and it's not even like it was a

movement or there was you know a group

of 10 or 20 or it we literally can trace

the vastness of this influence to one

human being who was only just so

recently with us you know so anytime we

see a rocks and a planted tank does not

sticking up like this but tipping over

just a little like this in creating a

certain indescribable tension or a

certain feeling that if I move the rock

up two more degrees would change like

that perspective that approach that

thing that's giving us access to a

greater sense of design or composition

or almost sort of a sort of a cosmic

formula of sorts playing out inside the

aquarium you know we really can't erase

that too one man and so getting to know

him personally so early in our careers

was just me I can't I could not stay

strongly enough how influential that was

to the point that literally everything

that we've done since is informed by our

inspiration from him and I Satan know

Amano

no no Amano no aquascaping really we

would still just be kind of keeping fish

tanks all of which is fine and beautiful

but I think most of us would agree that

when we say aquascaping this thing has

been something new in the in the hobby

in the industry this this has created a

whole new dimension and brought new

people in a new resources and expanded

what the accordant is and you know any

time we're doing this sort of derivative

work you know that's really and because

if you got it from somebody else they

probably got it from him you know and so

we can really trace that back so I like

to be very careful not to take I don't

wanna I don't claim too much of this

work as I have some unique special

vision that someone else doesn't because

the very vast majority of kind of the

essence of what we do if not the actual

lay out that the essence or the

inspiration of the philosophy of that

lay out is rooted in the teachings of

mr. Amano and that's just a really big

big thing to me to always make sure that

we kind of keep that fresh on our minds

at least through this generation so yeah

absolutely big deal just really

appreciate it thanks so much for

listening

For more infomation >> AMAZING PLANTED AQUARIUMS - Aquarium Design Group. Aquascaping Masters - Duration: 15:24.

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【Stardew Valley】牧場主が目指す1000万円欲しい!スターデューバレー ふーどの人のゲリラ放送(ふーどの部屋) - Duration: 1:13:07.

For more infomation >> 【Stardew Valley】牧場主が目指す1000万円欲しい!スターデューバレー ふーどの人のゲリラ放送(ふーどの部屋) - Duration: 1:13:07.

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Jupiter Meme animation [Backstory] - Duration: 0:41.

For more infomation >> Jupiter Meme animation [Backstory] - Duration: 0:41.

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BERMUDA - تلقيح - (Prod By.BRD) - Duration: 3:31.

For more infomation >> BERMUDA - تلقيح - (Prod By.BRD) - Duration: 3:31.

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How To Find Your Profit Using The Amazon FBA Calculator - Duration: 2:59.

In this video, I am going to show you how to find your profit per unit, using the Amazon

FBA calculator

Stay tuned…

Step#1

Either find your product listing or find a product very similar to yours that you're

interested in sourcing.

Once you get to the listing, get their ASIN

Step#2

Go to google and type in "Amazon FBA calculator"

Get the ASIN from the previous step, and paste it into the calculator

The 3 points of information you will need are:

The price you want to sell your product

The cost of shipping per unit to ship into FBA

The cost of your product

Step#3

Let's break down the 3 points you need to know

You should already know the price you want to sell at

The way you calculate shipping cost per unit is divide the total cost of your shipping

by the number of units

For example, if you pay your freight forwarder $1200 to ship 1000 units

You will divide 1200/1000 and you will get $1.20/unit

You will put this into the calculator under the "ship to amazon" section

The last section is to find the cost of your product per unit

You will find this similar to how you found the shipping cost per unit

For example, if you pay $2500 for a total of 1000 units if derma rollers

You will divide 2500/1000 and it will be $2.5/unit

Now you have the 3 points of information you need to input into the FBA calculator

Step#4

Let's go back into the Amazon FBA calculator

Input the 3 points and the Amazon FBA calculator will spit out your Amazon Fulfilment Fees,

Amazon Referral Fee, Net Profit and Net Margin.

With this information, you can determine if your product will be profitable or not

I hope you guys liked this video and it was useful for you…

This is Oscar and I will see you in the next one!

For more infomation >> How To Find Your Profit Using The Amazon FBA Calculator - Duration: 2:59.

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🤔 ESTA BOTELLA DE LOS '70 OCULTA ALGO INTERESANTE... | MochiLeandro 43 🌎 - Duration: 14:31.

For more infomation >> 🤔 ESTA BOTELLA DE LOS '70 OCULTA ALGO INTERESANTE... | MochiLeandro 43 🌎 - Duration: 14:31.

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cuando estoy inactivo / when I'm inactive - Duration: 0:21.

I'm back, I'm here, after a stressful week.

Why?

Studies, studies, studies, exams and more exams.

After uploading my last animation, I wanted to rest for 3 days before the moon falls.

But surprise surprise.

More exams!

This got out of...

And now I am here.

Upload Zelda son of...

Oh my god.

For more infomation >> cuando estoy inactivo / when I'm inactive - Duration: 0:21.

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Pod et Marichou - Saison 3 - Bande Annonce - VOSTFR - Duration: 2:34.

For more infomation >> Pod et Marichou - Saison 3 - Bande Annonce - VOSTFR - Duration: 2:34.

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How Not to Set Your Pizza on Fire: Crash Course Engineering #15 - Duration: 10:39.

Temperature matters.

In almost everything we do, we're trying to heat something up, cool something down, or just trying to maintain a temperature.

As an engineer, you'll often need to find that Goldilocks temperature, the one that's "just right" for your devices and designs.

But once you figure that out, how do you achieve it?

Well, you'll need some equipment, and to learn how to use it.

More specifically, you'll need to know about heat exchangers, and how they can affect heat transfer.

Just make sure to watch out for those three bears.

[Theme Music]

So far in this course, we've learned a good deal about heat transfer and the different ways heat moves throughout our world.

We've also talked a bit about the devices that help move heat energy, like refrigerators and heat pumps,

and how you can slow down the transfer of heat with layers of insulation.

But that's just the beginning of the ways you can affect heat transfer!

There are lots of different types of equipment you can use to transfer heat between two things.

They're called heat exchangers, because they exchange heat.

But don't let the simplicity of the name fool you.

Heat exchangers are everywhere.

They show up as radiators in cars, where they transfer heat energy away from the engine so it doesn't...overheat.

You'll also find them in military equipment and power supplies.

You can even find them in medical devices.

Have you ever had an X-ray?

Well, X-rays actually produce a large amount of heat, so they need heat exchangers to draw that heat away and keep it from damaging the equipment.

Even when you create something amazing – something that can literally see the bones under your skin – you still have to account for its byproducts.

Engineers can't just make a good meal; we have to clean up the kitchen, too.

So heat exchangers are pretty important.

Without them, there's all kinds of stuff we wouldn't be able to do.

And the type of heat exchanger you use is even more important,

because it's not always as simple as heating something up or cooling it down in any way that you can.

There's a lot more to consider.

For example, let's say you want to heat up your leftovers from last night.

Technically, you could do that by setting your pizza on fire, but unless you'd like your crust extra crispy, that seems a bit extreme.

A much better choice would be a microwave.

Maybe an oven.

Or, say your tea is a little too hot to drink and you want to cool it down.

You could blast it with a firehose of cold water, but that would likely ruin your tea, and everything else around it.

It would probably be better to just wait a bit – maybe put your tea in a colder room or leave it in the refrigerator.

In engineering, you need tools and methods that are more precise.

Surgeons have their scalpels; we have heat exchangers.

So let's look at the ones we've got!

The first, and most basic example of a heat exchanger is a concentric tube.

Here, one pipe or tube is placed inside another one, with a colder fluid moving through the center tube, and a warmer fluid moving through the outer tube.

This fluid might be a liquid, or it could be a gas.

A common place you'd find concentric tube heat exchangers is inside air conditioners.

With concentric tubes, and in most heat exchangers you'll encounter, it's important to note that the two fluids are sealed off from each other and never mix.

But as the fluids move down their separate tubes, energy transfers from the hotter outer fluid to the colder inner fluid through the wall of the inner tube.

That's the heat transfer.

In some concentric tubes, the fluids will flow in the same direction – what's known as parallel flow –

and other times they'll move in opposite directions, which is called counterflow.

Whichever way the fluid flows, You'll probably want to know just how good the heat transfer is.

That's the point of a heat exchanger after all.

There are two main equations for heat transfer that you can use to figure this out.

The first looks at each fluid individually, and defines heat transfer – represented with the letter Q – as the product of three of the chosen fluid's properties:

its mass flow rate, m, or how fast it's moving;

its heat capacity, c, or how much heat you need to raise the fluid's temperature;

and its change in temperature, ΔT, after it passes through the heat exchanger.

This equation tells you that no matter what, if there's a greater change in the fluid's temperature, there was more heat transfer.

Which, obviously.

It also tells you that there's more heat transfer if it's a type of fluid that just generally needs more heat to raise its temperature.

Finally, it says that it takes more heat transfer to accomplish a given temperature change in a fluid that's moving really fast.

If each particle of fluid isn't staying in the heat exchanger for very long, you need more heat transfer to raise its temperature quickly, before it leaves.

Let's say you have a heat exchanger with the colder fluid in the inner tube moving at a high flow rate and the warmer fluid in the outer tube moving slowly.

Even if there's plenty of heat being transferred, you might not get a major temperature increase in the inner tube since it has such a high flow rate.

Meanwhile, all that heat being transferred to the outer tube will cause a significant temperature change, since it's moving so slowly.

Which is what we want!

The whole point of a heat exchanger is to accomplish that significant temperature change.

Now, the other equation for heat transfer also describes it in terms of three properties, but it takes both fluids into account:

The first property is the heat transfer coefficient, U, which is a measure of how easily heat is transferred between the fluids through whatever is separating them;

second, there's the area, A, over which the heat transfers;

and third, there's the temperature difference, ΔT, but this time between the two fluids.

The heat transfer coefficient is actually the inverse of the thermal resistance we discussed last time,

so the larger the value for U, the less resistance there is, allowing for more heat transfer.

This equation also tells you there's more heat transferred when there's a greater area of contact between the two fluids.

And no matter what the heat transfer coefficient is or how much contact there is between the two fluids,

a greater temperature change will always involve more heat.

You can use these two different ways of defining heat transfer to change your operating conditions as necessary and get the heat transfer you need.

In the design of the heat exchanger, you can affect the heat transfer through the heat transfer coefficient and the area of contact between the fluids.

And while the heat exchanger is up and running, you can affect its heat transfer by the temperature differences between the fluids and their mass flow rates.

But all of this leads to some inherent problems with the simple concentric tube heat exchanger.

If the temperature difference between the fluids is the driving force,

then the heat exchanger will need to have an appropriate area and U value to achieve a reasonable amount of heat transfer.

There are two ways to increase that heat transfer: increase the value of U, or increase the value of the area.

You could increase the heat transfer coefficient by using more conductive pipes or making them thinner, but at a certain point you'll hit a physical limit.

Which leaves you with only one real way to increase the heat transfer: increase the area of contact between the fluids.

For a concentric tube design, the only way to increase the area is either by the pipe's radius or length, which isn't too practical.

For one thing, the heat exchanger will take up more space.

And it's going to increase not only the cost of the building materials, but the operating cost of any pumps pushing the fluid through the device as well.

If we only used concentric tubes in our designs, we'd need more space under the hoods of our cars and our X-ray machines would be even bigger and clunkier.

So it's worth looking at some other heat exchanger designs too.

Take finned tubes, for example, which you'll often find in industrial applications like power plants, industrial dryers, and in the air conditioning units of large buildings.

In these designs, fins are added to a tube to increase its surface area, which enhances its rate of heat transfer at the same time.

There are two main types of finned tube designs.

With axial fin structures, fins run along the tube lengthwise.

They're best suited for devices where fluid flow outside of the tube is slower and more viscous, like oil, but you still want it to distribute a greater amount of energy.

With radial fin structures, on the other hand, discs are added to the tube and spaced out from each other, usually in regular intervals.

This type of finned design is best suited for a faster-moving fluid like air to flow around the tube.

Another heat exchanger worth looking at is the plate heat exchanger, which uses metal plates to transfer heat between fluids.

With these, the warmer fluid flows through one port and the colder fluid flows through another, typically in counterflow.

Both fluids are restricted by seals so they can only follow a certain path, kind of snaking their way through the exchanger.

The fluid between each set of plates alternates, with the plates providing a large surface area for a high rate of heat transfer.

So, plate heat exchangers would be a little better than concentric tubes for something like an X-ray machine, since it produces a lot of heat you'd want to get rid of.

Now, both finned tubes and plate heat exchangers are usually a step up from concentric tubes,

but one of the most common heat exchangers is the shell-and-tube design.

You can find them practically anywhere, from large oil refineries, to engines and transmissions, and even in swimming pools.

Like its name implies, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is made up of a larger shell with a bundle of smaller tubes inside it.

One fluid, usually the colder one, moves through this series of tubes while another fluid flows outside of them and through the shell.

There would be large pockets of stagnant shell-side fluid in the corners of the shell if this design was left as-is, though.

So you can put baffles, which are obstructing vanes or panels, inside the shell to drive the shell-side fluid through in a maze-like pattern.

Baffles not only help to increase the overall average heat transfer through the system by directing the flow of the fluid,

but also by increasing the shell-side velocity and promoting turbulence.

So, between concentric tubes, finned tubes, plates, and shell-and-tube designs, you've got plenty of options when you need to transfer heat.

Which, among other things, means there's no need to set any pizza on fire.

That would just be a travesty.

Today we learned all about the different types of heat exchangers and how they can be used to transfer heat.

We started off with concentric tubes , and the two main equations that can help us define heat transfer in heat exchangers.

Then we flowed on over to finned tubes and found the differences between axial or radial fins.

Finally, we covered plate heat exchangers and studied the most common heat exchanger design: shell-and-tube.

I'll see you next time, when we'll continue on our journey and learn all about mass transfer.

Crash Course Engineering is produced in association with PBS Digital Studios.

You can head over to their channel to check out a playlist of their latest amazing shows, like America from Scratch, Hot Mess, and Eons.

Crash Course is a Complexly production and this episode was filmed in the Doctor Cheryl C. Kinney Studio with the help of these wonderful people.

And our amazing graphics team is Thought Cafe.

For more infomation >> How Not to Set Your Pizza on Fire: Crash Course Engineering #15 - Duration: 10:39.

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What if Carbon Emissions Stopped Tomorrow? - Duration: 5:57.

Imagine that aliens landed and gifted us a clean, limitless energy source.

And instead of killing each other over this technology, we decided to immediately transform

the world into a carbon-free society.

[animation shows closing drilling rigs, oil refineries, and coal and natural gas plants.]

This wonderous source would power our homes, industries, cars and planes, and humanity's

annual rate of carbon pollution would almost instantly fall to zero.

So if we kicked our carbon addiction tomorrow, what would that mean for global warming?

[Intro]

Hey, I'm Joe.

So, if we stopped burning carbon tomorrow, would the climate suddenly go back to the

cooler, calmer atmosphere humans lived under before the Industrial Revolution?

Short answer: Not exactly.

The climate would continue to change and temperatures would remain high for many, many centuries.

So, that's not great.

I know, we've been told for years that slashing greenhouse gas pollution is the key to tackling

climate change.

But unfortunately those cuts wouldn't immediately stop the planet from warming up.

One reason is that over the last 50 years, 90% of the

extra warming has gone into the oceans.

[average depth on screen: 2.3 miles, note that "oceans mix slowly"] It takes decades

for oceans to heat up, but once you quit adding additional heat they'd still give off the

heat that had previously accumulated.

It's kind of like how a pot of boiling water continues to give off heat long after you've

turned off the stove.

Because water heats up slowly, it cools off slowly too.

And as all this extra heat fully mixes in the deep ocean [show heat equilibrating in

the graphic] the oceans would continue to expand, raising sea levels for centuries.

The other reason Earth would stay hot is that CO2 molecules -- which cause more than 80%

of the warming -- remain in the atmosphere for a remarkably long time.

If you burn 5 gallons of gas [show car driving] today you create about 100 pounds of CO2 [illustrated

in animation].

But way off in the year 3000, as much as 40 pounds of that gas will still be floating

in the sky, warming up the planet.

Earth has warmed by about 0.8˚C [1.4˚ Fahrenheit] since the industrial revolution.

If we turned off greenhouse gas emissions tomorrow, shorter-lived greenhouse gases like

methane and nitrous oxide would be chemically broken down and dissipate first.

That would cause the atmosphere to cool by maybe half a degree, over about a century.

But CO2 stays in the atmosphere way longer, because it's so chemically stable.

So that would keep , the earth warmer

for at least two thousand years.

So, many of the impacts we're experiencing now, like the melting arctic, drier droughts,

and fiercer thunderstorms would probably also continue.

In the end, CO2 might take as long as 100,000 years to finally return to pre-industrial

levels.

So even if we cut all emissions tomorrow, the truth is we are guaranteed some amount

of climate change and warmer temperatures.

But switching to a carbon-free energy system

would still give us a lot of benefits immediately.

Health is a big one.

Over three billion people worldwide breathe air that is so polluted that it doesn't

meet World Health Organization guidelines.

Air pollution from fossil fuels or stoves is thought to cause more than 5 million deaths

per year, thanks to things like lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke.

The majority of those deaths occur in developing countries, where there's more pollution.

So halting fossil fuel burning would immediately improve the lives of millions of people.

Wild places would also benefit.

Some of the world's most pristine environments contain plentiful fossil fuels.

Stopping emissions would mean ending fossil fuel extraction, which means less construction

in wild areas, less noise pollution, and cleaner air and water.

Halting emissions sooner rather than later means that future generations might still

face climate impacts, but they'll probably be less severe.

For example, with each degree of additional warming, the amount of area burned by wildfire

in the western United States doubles.

Each degree of additional warming is also thought to reduce crop yields by as much as

10 percent.

Lowering emissions means fewer fatalities in extreme weather, fewer severe storms, and

more children spared the hardship of migration to cooler places.

And who knows, maybe one of those kids could grow up to develop some technologies to actually

suck the extra carbon straight out of the sky and speed up the cooling.

The idea of aliens providing us a magical energy source is of course a fantasy.

But today we're already installing real clean energy technologies that could wean

us off fossil fuels, things like solar cells and wind turbines.

The decisions we're making today will affect not only our grandchildren but their grandchildren's

grandchildren.

's grandchildren.

's grandchildren.

's grandchildren.

Our addiction to carbon has put us and our descendants into a deep hole.

Sometimes it's hard to imagine how we'll climb out, but the best thing we can do for

ourselves, and for them, is to just stop digging.

For more infomation >> What if Carbon Emissions Stopped Tomorrow? - Duration: 5:57.

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Dirty Bomb: 1.0 Is Here - Duration: 5:38.

For more infomation >> Dirty Bomb: 1.0 Is Here - Duration: 5:38.

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Why People Are Sending Themselves Hate Messages - Duration: 5:29.

[♪ INTRO ]

You're probably familiar with the concept of self-harm.

When you see it in books, movies, and TV shows, it's usually portrayed as some troubled

person seeking a physical outlet for their emotional pain.

But that's only part of the story.

Self-harm, or what psychologists call non-suicidal self-injury, isn't just physical.

People can hurt themselves in all kinds of ways — including, as it turns out, through the anonymity of the internet.

Finding coping strategies is crucial for taking care of your mental health.

But first, you have to be able to recognize when there's something wrong.

And because digital self-harm is still a pretty new concept, people who hurt themselves this

way might not even realize that what they're doing really is self-harm.

There are lots of reasons people might feel an urge to hurt themselves.

Usually, it's because they're trying to release extreme negative feelings that come

from other mental health issues, like depression or low self-esteem.

Often, people who self-harm say they want to punish themselves, or relieve unbearable mental tension.

And for some, it does lead to a few moments of relief.

So they keep doing it.

But hurting yourself does nothing to address the underlying problems or feelings of hurt, which can get worse and worse over time.

It's just … causing harm.

The classic picture of self-harm involves physical injuries, like cuts and bruises,

but it can be much more subtle than that — to the point that people don't even realize they're doing it.

For example, overeating, or even over-exercising, can be a form of self-harm.

And now that we're in the digital age, psychologists have begun to see a new type of self-harm emerge — one that isn't physical.

Digital self-harm is when you hurt yourself emotionally, using the anonymity of the internet

to make it seem like you're being attacked.

Think anonymous hate messages on platforms like Twitter or Tumblr, but instead of getting

them from some random troll, you send them to yourself.

That doesn't mean every hate message you've seen online is a case of digital self-harm

— unfortunately, cyberbullying is a very real issue.

Just spend any amount of time in the comments section of a trending youtube video … you know? Actually, just don't.

But sometimes people do send hate messages to themselves.

It's surprisingly common.

One 2017 study from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire,

which involved nearly 6,000 American middle and high school students, found that 6% had anonymously attacked themselves with mean comments online.

There was a slight difference between sexs, with about 7.1% of males and 5.3% of females saying they'd done it.

And an earlier study from 2012 on about 600 students found that around 10% had some experience with digital self-harm.

About half of those 10% said they did it very rarely, while the other half said they did it pretty often.

A quarter of them had sent themselves hate online for months at a time.

If you don't have much experience with digital self-harm, this might be kind of hard to understand.

I mean, the person doing it knows they're the one who sent the message, so what's the point?

Well, as you can probably imagine, there's no one simple explanation that fits everyone who sends themselves anonymous online hate.

But like with physical self-harm, it's generally a way to express their negative feelings about themselves.

And researchers have found some more specific themes, too.

Also like physical self-harm, digital self-harm is associated with depressive symptoms, as

well as marginalizing factors like sexuality, drug use, and being bullied.

Then there's the social media problem.

We'd need a whole separate episode to get into the details, but researchers are finding

all kinds of connections between social media and mental health issues.

Among other things, as more and more of our socializing is done online, it's gotten easier to become isolated.

As much as social media is meant to connect us, it can leave us feeling pretty alone, too.

And when people feel disconnected from others, they're more likely to develop negative

feelings about themselves, or have depression or anxiety.

In a 2017 paper from the University of Manchester, researchers examined data from 2014 and found

a massive increase in the number of teenage girls who reported self-harming.

77 out of every 10,000 girls practice self-harmed that year, as opposed to 46 out of 10,000 in the years leading up to 2014.

That's an increase of 68%.

The team suggested that part of the change might just come from increased awareness of self-harm

— and therefore increased reporting of it.

But they argued that psychological pressure from social media was probably an important factor, too.

This study didn't break things down into physical and digital self-harm, but it's

but it's not too hard to imagine that added pressure from social media could lead to more self-harm via social media.

So, this all tells us a little bit about how people use digital self-harm as a coping mechanism.

But what about the people who do it specifically because they want people to notice?

Thinking about self-harm this way can be dangerous, because it's sometimes used to dismiss a sign that someone really needs help.

But some researchers think there are cases where digital self-harm is, at least in part,

a way for someone to get concern, attention, and admiration for their ability to cope.

It might even be a digital version of what's commonly known as Munchausen's syndrome,

although its clinical name these days is factitious disorder.

That's where someone fakes an illness to get care and attention from others.

But when they get that concern, or admiration from others for their strength, it can actually

mitigate some of their negative emotions and make them feel better.

So regardless of the motivation, it really comes down to the same thing

— using self-harm as a way to deal with overwhelming feelings.

We still need more studies to figure out how best to identify, reach, and treat people who use digital self-harm.

But in the meantime, increasing awareness of it helps, too.

In the end, it doesn't really matter what form it takes — self-harm is self-harm.

At best, it's an unhealthy coping mechanism, and at worst, it can be dangerous.

But by recognizing the problem and getting help, you can learn better ways to deal with your feelings,

and resolve the underlying issues that make you want to send yourself anonymous hate.

Thanks for watching this episode of SciShow Psych.

If you're struggling with self-harm — in any form — there are links to resources

and ways to get help in the description box below.

And if you want to learn more about psychology and mental health, you can go to youtube.com/scishowpsych and subscribe.

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