laws of Newton, the theory of evolution, the hypothesis of multi-verses
after all what is the difference between a hypothesis, a law and a theory?
(Introduction)
Singularity '' Helping to disseminate science in Brazil ''
Are cosmologists all right? here who speaks is the Vini of the channel Singularity
And this one is another video clarifying how science works
today we will see the difference between a theory one, hypothesis and a law
which are basically scientific ideas with a somewhat different validity and function
First we will have to define what is a scientific fact
A scientific fact is an unquestionable thing that happens in nature
Every time I throw an object it will fall towards the ground
This is an unquestionable fact always happens, happened and will happen
No matter your belief or your faith, the flu virus always through natural selection
It will evolve with the virus stronger and so a new vaccine will have to be created
This is why vaccination against influenza
It has basically all year
Now the hypotheses, laws and theories
They are approaches that try to explain these scientific facts
These invariable phenomena occurring in the universe
Let's start with a hypothesis
One hypothesis would be with an idea only that a more scientifically based idea
A hypothesis must still be tested and falsified
or an idea that has not yet been proven
A good hypothesis proposes tests
to test its validity
For example, the superstring hypothesis
This is a hypothesis that says that everything in the universe
It is made of small strings, small filaments of energy
This idea makes predictions of certain events
She for example says that we collide particles
It is possible that we found particles with for example
The gravitations, then if we find the gravitations
means that the hypothesis is probably correct
A good hypothesis proposes tests to be made and is falsifiable
But as every hypothesis
the superstring hypothesis has not yet been proven
when a hypothesis is proved it becomes a theory
A scientific theory has a totally different meaning than the meaning of everyday life
On a daily basis when we talk about a theory
We have some idea about something.
An idea that may be totally unfounded
Like Flat Earth Theory
hollow earth theory
Theory of the hollow moon
Already in science the meaning of theory
It is a proven hypothesis, a well-founded idea
That through the scientific method, through several tests it proved correct
A theory is one of the greatest credibility of a scientific idea
Theories are tested over time
For example
The theory of general relativity was proposed in 1915
But it is tested until today
And has already been proven by numerous tests such as:
Gravitational waves
The Michelson-morley experiment, atomic clocks and planes at last
A theory in science is highly respected for example
The theory of evolution is equally valid
the theory of general relativity, Darwin's natural selection theory of evolution
It is basically a scientific fact, believing or not the influenza virus
I evolve year after year and so I need a basically annual vaccine
To combat this virus
theories are grounded by scientific facts
And even stricter tests such as
Alfred's continental drift theory, or better known as Pangeia
It is not just an idea without foundation
The idea of pangeia is that all the continents formed a great continent called Pangea
Wegner was intrigued by the fact that fossils of the same species
ferns that were extinct were found on both sides of the Atlantic
Even more curious were the fossil discoveries of the same dinosaurs in the
two continents and why the same unique pattern would be found in
layers of rock in brazil and south africa
and under what circumstances tropical plants could have
Wegener concluded that there was only
a logical solution to this puzzle is the existence of only a supercontinent
in the land he called him a pangea
When Galileo said that a hammer and a feather
would fall in the same vacuum
Physicists did not accept this as absolute and supreme truth
They developed
For example, the astronauts of the apollo 11 mission
They literally did this experiment
And I'll drop both at the same time expecting them to hit the ground at the same time
Amazing
Galileo's findings were correct
Then the astronauts on the moon threw a leg and a hammer and saw that the idea of Galileo was correct
The International Space Station
It was built to perform several experiments with low gravity
To prove several ideas, such as Galileo's ideas
So never confuse a scientific theory like an unfounded idea
If someone says that evolution is just a theory, tell it that it is right
but theory in science is totally different than the word theory we use every day
A theory is basically dictated as truth in science
But why are these theories not regarded as laws?
A theory and a law are equally valid
The difference is that a law describes a phenomenon such as the law of gravity
It says that there is a force of attraction between objects
It describes the existence of this phenomenon
For example, the first law of thermodynamics describes the existence of the energy phenomena always conserved
She does not describe why this happens.
The law of universal gravitation also does not describe why objects are attracted
So a law basically describes the existence of a phenomenon not exactly
Because it happens
For example, Einstein's theory of general relativity
It's a theory, it describes how gravity works
And already the law of the universal gravitation of Newton
Just say that gravity exists
He does not really know how it works, so a theory will never be a law
Evolution will never be a law
Because a theory and a law have different functions in the scientific environment
But they have basically the same validity
So that's it, a hypothesis is an idea
Which still needs to be confirmed, a theory is a hypothesis has already been confirmed
And who can describe a wide range of phenomena
Already a law also goes through the same rigors of scientific verification
That is, it is as valid as a theory but it describes the existence of an event
Not exactly why it occurs and how it works
So that's it folks, I hope you liked the video if you liked let your liked it
Comment us if you have any questions or suggestions
Follow the Singularity in social networks and subscribe to the channel so you do not lose any videos
And that's it guys until the next video and talked!
Subtitles: Vinícius Dutra
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