Hello I'm Daven Hiskey and today we've got something a little different for you.
We received a question from a TodayIFoundOut subscriber on whether or not tapping a shaken
soda can actually results in less foam spewing out, as is the widely held belief.
This seemed interesting enough to us, but when we looked far and wide for a definitive
answer, we uncharacteristically came up empty.
So we decided to run an experiment ourselves to find out the answer.
And just before we get into that, you should know this episode is brought to you by iFixit,
the free online repair manual for everything, written by everyone!
Before you start your next DIY repair, head over to iFixit.com/brainfood and check out
iFixit's high quality parts, tools, and thousands of free repair guides.
Alright, now, to be clear, when looking at answering the question of whether tapping
a shaken can of shaken soda actually does anything, certainly there are many otherwise
reputable sources throwing out an opinion on both sides of the argument.
But outside of Snopes, nobody seems to have bothered to experimentally test whether tapping
the can does anything.
And as for Snopes, while they technically did do an experiment, this was a reported
sample-size of just three runs (although they do allude to "a variety of experiments" not
reported).
It is possible one doesn't need a large sample size here to get meaningful results, so perhaps
three runs is a perfectly sufficient sample.
However, Snopes gives no hard quantitative data (only anecdotal observations) on this
one, and did not necessarily shake each of the cans the exact same way (though did time
it and presumably the shaking was approximately the same if they had the same person shaking
each time).
But needless to say, while Snopes' conclusion may end up being perfectly correct, we weren't
really comfortable stating it as a definitive answer here given the way the experiment was
conducted and lack of hard data.
But if you're curious, their results indicated that tapping the side of the can produced
slightly less foam than simply waiting to open it, but otherwise from a practical standpoint
didn't really make a difference.
As for expert opinions, these also were conflicting, though perhaps the best such source in Cornell
University biochemist, and one of the world's leading beverage foam experts (and, yes, that's
a thing), Karl J. Siebert, rang in on the side that at best tapping the can does nothing
in his opinion, and even potentially makes the problem worse.
As Dr. Siebert states, by tapping the can, "you risk creating more bubbles."
Despite this, many otherwise reputable sources claim that tapping the can does actually help.
Why?
As you're probably aware, when you shake the can, the agitation causes some of the dissolved
carbon dioxide in the container to form bubbles at various nucleation sites on the inner surface.
It's also further widely held that some of the bubbles formed will stick to the inside
of the container at these various nucleation sites, rather than rising to the top.
When the can is opened and the high pressure thus removed, these bubbles rapidly expand
and shoot to the top of the container, pushing out some of the liquid with them.
Thus, the hypothesis is that by tapping on the can, you can dislodge these bubbles and
cause them to float to the top before opening the container, so that when you do open the
can, the gas can expand and escape without taking any liquid with it.
Seems reasonably enough, but does this actually work?
To begin with in our little experiment, we needed a device that could shake our soda
cans exactly the same every single time.
The Shakenator T-3000 we made to do this works such that with each button press, it shakes
the can exactly 10 times with a stroke length of 1.125 inches or 2.9 cm.
Through a bit of experimentation, we ultimately found that at our coldest measured temperatures
about 150 shakes (at about 8.8 complete shakes per second) was around the point where we
started getting very good, measurable results with Coke cans, so went with that for the
number of shakes.
Because temperature is a big factor in how much foam is produced, the device also reports
the temperature after each run, along with the number of shakes and the time it took
for the run to complete.
Now to the experiment.
There are a variety of ways we could have done this, but as we're far more interested
in the amount of foam coming out, rather than the amount of carbon dioxide, we're choosing
to measure the liquid that comes out of a can, glass bottle, and plastic bottle when
the respective containers are: shaken and then tapped on the side, shaken and then tapped
on the top, shaken but not tapped- simply waiting the same time interval as if we tapped
it, and then shaken, and quickly opened upon removal from the machine.
This latter one is particularly of interest as one alternate hypothesis often put forth
on why tapping the can does increase your odds of avoiding a fizzy bath has nothing
to do with the tapping itself, but is because people tapping the container wait a short
interval before opening it, giving some of the carbon dioxide time to re-dissolve into
the liquid and any formed bubbles to rise to the top where they won't push any liquid
out.
Also, just because we were curious, we ran an additional experiment shaking several cans
and then opening them at intervals to see how long it would take for no more liquid
to be pushed out.
Obviously the results here will vary for other shaking scenarios based on a variety of factors,
but we were really just curious at about broad ballpark numbers here.
So what were our results?
Well, it turns out that the actual tapping of the can does nothing.
However, we were very surprised to note that the seemingly insignificant time interval
here of 20 seconds from shaking to open actually did make a huge difference in the amount of
foam produced.
And, in fact, on the runs when we opened the can as fast as possible after being shaken,
even just a change of a few seconds appears to have made a big difference in foam output,
as you'll see from the results which show that that portion, which was the only one
not precisely timed, is the only place we really saw a large variance in resulting foam,
even though every open in that case was within a few seconds of each other.
As for the rest of the subtle variance in other runs, it was interesting to observe
how even the tiniest change in the opening speed of the containers, which results in
the pressure being released at different rates, made a very measurable difference in the foam
produced to the point where I was eventually able to roughly predict the foam output based
on how I judged my opening speed, despite the fact that in all cases with the can and
glass bottles, it only took a fraction of a second to open them completely.
Specifically, using video footage of a dozen openings on each, we measured an average of
0.07 seconds to fully open the glass bottles and 0.22 seconds for the cans.
With the plastic bottles, this was likewise very similarly timed each time, though took
on average about 1.91 seconds to fully twist the cap off, with the slightly wider variance
there resulting in a bit larger range in output foam.
As for tapping in the air vs. on a hard surface, it would seem this did not have a noticeable
effect either way.
And because it actually takes quite a bit of shaking to get a measurable amount of foam
spillage (using a gram as the smallest increment- for reference here the containers in question
contained roughly 340 grams of liquid), we're guessing in real world scenarios where people
are trying to reduce foam by tapping, nobody's tapping the can vigorously enough to make
a noticeable difference in foam output.
It's also noteworthy that whether tapping 30 times or 50 made no real difference here
in terms of the expected outcome.
Another interesting point is that the plastic bottles produced significantly more foam,
despite it taking much longer to fully open them.
As previously mentioned, based on our observations with all container types, even a fraction
of a second change in opening speed made a noticeable difference in foam output.
And given it took roughly 13 times longer to open the plastic containers fully compared
to the average of the glass and cans, one might have initially expected the plastic
containers would produce much less foam as a result, not more.
Given how much carbon dioxide is added significantly affects the taste of the beverage, we're presuming
Coca-Cola does not vary the initial carbonation level added based on container type.
If that's correct, we're guessing that the plastic containers must contain a much greater
number of nucleation sites than glass or aluminum, ultimately producing many more bubbles for
the same shakes.
This brings us to how long we had to wait until no foam was produced.
We initially expected we'd have to go out to intervals of maybe even as much as an hour
to see the foam completely disappear, but we were woefully incorrect on this point.
In fact, our first experimental run of just 60 seconds of waiting ended up producing no
foam whatsoever despite the 150 vigorous shakes and the small geyser produced at a few second
interval given those shakes.
We then broke it down to 10 second intervals and found at the colder temperature it took
just 50 seconds for foaming out of the container to no longer occur and at 40 seconds, while
there was a slight overflow onto the lid area, it was not even a gram's worth and certainly
didn't naturally spill off the container.
At the higher room temperature, the results were surprisingly similar at 40 seconds producing
just slightly more foam than at the 40 second mark in the colder temperature, measuring
in at 1 gram, 0 grams, and 3 grams in our three runs.
Similarly, the 50 and 60 second marks at room temperature mimicked the 40 and 50 second
marks respectively at the near refrigeration temperature.
As to why there is so little foam being produced after such a short interval, it would seem
to us there are two possibilities, both of which may be coming into play.
The first possibility is that the carbon dioxide is rapidly being redissolved in the liquid.
But as we didn't measure the actual escaped C02 compared to an unshaken container, we
can't say for certain to what extent that is happening.
The second possibility is simply that all the bubbles created from the shaking rise
to the top in this time span and, with no further shaking causing more bubbles to form
at the nucleation sites, the undissolved carbon dioxide is simply escaping when you open the
can without pushing out any liquid.
Supporting the idea that this is the bigger factor in this case is footage of the shaken
glass and plastic bottles which show a dramatic drop-off in created bobbles in a relatively
short time span after shaking is stopped, with those created all rising to the top relatively
quickly and no visible bubbles clinging to the sides as is often stated happens when
people talk about the benefits of tapping the container.
Further, while we didn't measure the carbon dioxide output, for what it's worth, observationally
even when no significant foam was produced, there still sounded like a lot more gas escaping
when opening these shaken cans compared to opening cans that had just been sitting around,
which we did several times just to compare the sound back to back.
Though, of course, further experimentation measuring the actual carbon dioxide output
would need to be done to know for sure.
So there you have it.
We now know for certain that tapping a can of soda does absolutely nothing to reduce
foam and it is actually the short time interval taken to tap the can that is reducing foaming
vs. simply opening the can immediately.
It also very much appears that tapping the container vigorously, which while potentially
could have produced more foam via further agitation, did not produce any practical increase
in fizz.
And while your results will vary based on things like temperature, atmospheric pressure,
and how much a given can was shaken, it would very much appear in all cases you really don't
need to wait more than around a minute or so for things to stabilize to the point where
you can safely open the soda container without risk of a foam over, even if you open the
container quickly.
Speaking of doing experiments, the next time you're looking to figure out how to open
your phone for a DIY repair, you won't have to experiment if you head on over to ifixit,
the free online repair manual for everything, written by everyone, where it will tell you
exactly how to take that device apart in a clear, step by step guide.
iFixit has over 25,000 such free repair guides and videos showing you how to fix or take
apart and put back together all sorts of gadgets from iPhones and Samsung Galaxy devices, to
Xbox's, Pcs and more.
Helpful in the process of tearing down devices and putting them back together, or just building
can-shaking machines, is their Pro-Tech Tool Kit designed for electronics repair, including
an electrostatic discharge safety strap and tweezers, a swivel-top magnetic precision
driver with 64 bits that are magnetically held in place in the case, and a wide variety
of plastic opening tools, spudgers, and picks to safely pry with, along with a suction cup
to pull screens up.
But by far, in my opinion, the best and most unique feature of this Pro-Tech Tool Kit are
those magnetically held 64 bits.
In most other such kits, bits are usually held in place via hard plastic, which is a
major pain when things are inevitably too tight and otherwise over time loosen so the
bits fall out.
With this kit, the bits are super easy to take out and put in, and once in, stay their
very securely.
The whole thing conveniently rolls up for easy storage has a lifetime warranty, and
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So if you want to tackle your next DIY project or repair with the Pro Tech Toolkit, or perhaps
want to purchase it as a Christmas present for someone, please visit ifixit.com/brainfood
to snag the fully-loaded Pro Tech Toolkit for only $59.99.
And thank you to iFixit for supporting this channel.
Bonus Fact: • Just for fun, we also ran this experiment
on cans of Dr. Pepper to see if the results changed at all.
They did not in terms of the main points already made.
However, what was interesting to note was that the Dr. Pepper produced about half as
much foam on average as the Coca-Cola for each of the scenarios.
There are a variety of potential ingredients that can cause a difference here.
For instance, with many diet sodas that contain aspartame, they end up producing more foam
because aspartame lowers the surface tension of the liquid much more than sugar or corn
syrup will.
It's possible Coca-Cola simply contains more surfactants than Dr. Pepper.
Or it's possible Dr. Pepper just contains much less carbon dioxide than Coca-Cola; given
the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the beverage greatly influences the taste
and mouth feel, we're presuming there is a reasonable variance from flavor to flavor.
And, anecdotally, it does always seem like Dr. Pepper goes flat much faster than a lot
of soft drinks....
But that's an experiment for another day.
For now, whatever is the underlying cause, we thought it was interesting to note how
much less foam an equally shaken can of Dr. Pepper produces compared to a can of Coke.
So thanks for watching this video, I know this was a little different than our normal
stuff, but I hope you enjoyed it anyway.
And if you did, please do give it a like below and share it with anyone you think might find
it interesting.
We'd also like to again thank ifixit for sponsoring this one as well as our patrons
on patreon.
As you might imagine, rather than the normal 24 or so hours most of our videos take to
produce, give or take a few hours on average, this one took a lot longer, ringing in at
just over 100 hours; so given the expected YouTube ad revenue on a video like this is
woefully small given our average expected views, without the support of ifixit and our
patrons, we really wouldn't have been able to spend the time and money to research the
answer on a question like this where the answer isn't definitively known somewhere.
So thanks again to ifixit and you patrons, and thank you for watching.
For more infomation >> Does Tapping a Shaken Can of Soda Actually Reduce Foam? - Duration: 14:27.-------------------------------------------
Louis Tomlinson - Miss You (Lyrics) - Duration: 3:20.
Hey :P
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Borderlands 2 LIVE #9 - Duration: 1:37:43.
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जानिए आयरन कितना ज़रुरी है शरीर के लिए | LIST OF VEGETARIAN FOOD RICH IN IRON BY PRITI NATH GURU | - Duration: 3:20.
Hello everyone, My name is Priti Nath Guru & I'm back again with an another video.
At times we requires iron supplements in our life.
Due to Iron deficiency, operation or any other medical problems Dr. suggest us Iron Supplements
There are other phases in ladies like:- Pregnancy, Lactation, Menopausal Problem
Sometimes there are some other gyne problems due to which they require to take Iron supplements
Even kids also requires Iron in their growing age
Sometimes due to blood loss in any operation also. Iron supplements are suggested to us
Or in case if your Haemoglobin level goes down then also you require iron supplements
Normally this problem comes with vegetarian people because in vegetarian diet is low in Iron content
So let's gather some information about some Iron rich food which can suffice the Iron deficiency
It contains some flakes like Rice Flakes & apart from that some vegetables are there like
Green Leafy Vegetables, Mustard Leaves, Spinach & Mint
Also there are some fruits which are good in Iron Content:- Watermelon, Pomegranate & Apple
We also have Soybean, Bean Sprouts. In lentils White Kidney Beans are also having good amount of iron in it
We also have some dry fruits like Raisins & Dry dates which has good amount of Iron in it
If we include them regularly in our diet then we can protect our self form iron deficiency
But there are some more important points to be followed
If we talk about Iron abortion, its not necessary that whatever amount we take it it get absorbed
Which depends on lot of factors and out of which there is one important factor
That is Vitamin C
When we are taking Iron rich diet then we must include the sources of Vitamin C in it
For Vitamin C sources I'll be back with an another video on this in which I'll explain
That what type of food items should be taken which are rich in Vitamin C
Also you can cure your self from Vitamin C & Iron Deficiency as well
Apart from that one more thing to be careful about that caffeine based product like Tea & Coffee
We shouldn't include them in our diet, generally people include them while having breakfast
Due to this Iron doesn't get absorbed in the body & the problem of haemoglobin or iron deficiency
This comes to those people who generally take Tea or Coffee with their lunch or breakfast
So you should at least maintain the gap of 1 hour for Tea & Coffee rather than taking them along with your food
I hope you'll follow these tips and will enable to low down supplements intakes, which will be good for you
And you'll be having minimum Iron deficiency in your body
I hope you'll like this video & if you'e liked it then please share and like this video.
Also do subscribe to my channel. Thank you...
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Viva News - EP 9 | Ivanka & Sting Operation - Duration: 7:34.
News is a play
Why is everything a play to him?
Yeah, he should see a doctor
(Voice Over) Sir, Live started!!
Welcome to Viva News
Ivanka arrived - Gachbowli and Hitech city revived
Jingle bells.. Jingle bells.. all the way..
With freshly created roads
And trees grown overnight
All our IT crowd are gone mad
Jumped hard
Cracked the road
Ah?
I mean fired crackers on the road.
Ah, Okay.
But among this celebration, there is a commotion on Ivanka's route map selection
To know if this commotion is an emotion
Or a lose motion, our reporter Konda
Is at Manikonda
Crowd shouting- "Aana hein Ivanaka hamare pass- Hona hein our roads bindass"
As you can see here..
Hmm!!?
As you see here, the localites..
Hmm!!?
Uff!! While others in the city are singing
Jingle bells... Jingle bells...
But here in Manikonda..
Hey..
Ha..
We already sang that song, give the mike to them.
If you sing my songs?! Why me and my mike?! Hummm..
If you do like this, he turns into Taher Shah..
Okay, we will not sing again, start reporting..
Hmm.. So.. Why are you protesting?
Ohh.. Mr. Raghava Please give me back my Viva Remote.
So, this is our plight sir..
We are paying taxes since years, Complained many times on bad roads
Filed multiple RTIs
But none cared. Just see sir, Just see those potholes
We travel daily on those potholes, crushing our bones.
At any cost this time, Ivanka aana hein hamare paass...
YES!!
"Aana hein Ivanaka hamare pass- Hona hein our roads bindass"
So
Wait.. Wait.. I finally have the mike..
So tell us sir..
.. the point is..
Bill Clinton came in our childhood- they have good roads in Jubilee hills, no issues.
Bush came in our boyhood, they have good roads in Banjara Hills, fair enough..
Now Ivanka Trump is coming in our Adulthood and they lay good roads in Gachibowli..
At this rate we have good roads in Manikonda in our Oldhood, what is the use siiirrr!!
And so..
So what are your demands?
This time..to better our roads, Ivanka Trump should travel on every bump..
for a minimum of two hours sir
At least then we will have good roads sir..
"Aana hein Ivanaka hamare pass- Hona hein our roads bindass"
"Aana hein Ivanaka hamare pass- Hona hein our roads bindass"
*VIVA news magical powers*
Over to Studio.
There are many unanswered questions in this world..
For example, E=MC^2
Bermuda Triangle
And our Shakespeares head shake!!
But finally, we have an answer for a bigger question than these..
Who came first? The egg or the chicken?!
Our Murgithalana Ande-shinde researched on this for twenty five years.
Play school to Old school he searched..
then he researched.
back searched..
Front searched..
down searched...
side searched..
up searched..
What is this sir? What is this search shit?!
Who wrote this script sir? Who is it?
Ahhh.. Anyways the scientist is in his final stages..
So now with our Viva channel he will share his front, side, up..
Heyy!!
Antim Sanskaar with Viva patrakaar
Firstly, my hearty wishes to Viva audiences..
Put aside the hearty wishes, Kidney wishes, come to the point..
Who the heck has sent him?
Myself.. since twenty five years..
Who gives a damn?! Come to the point man..
Shhhh!!
So to answer the egg first or the chicken?
HEYY.. Will you come to the point or not?
Everyone becomes a Michael Jackson before the mike!!
Siir..some water..
I drank while coming, quickly come to the point first..
Heyy.. If he dies the nation never knows the answer!
.. Water.. some water..
Enough of this acting, come to the point.. Come on.. come on..
Acting ?!! Acting?!!.. AAAH!!...
What is happening there man?!
Hmm.. nothing happened.. before he came to the point, death came to him..
So over to studio
What is this sir? He is crueler than Kasab?!
Bribe.. Bed.. and platter..
Will never be completely full..
To Curb corruption Kamal Haasan made Hindusthani.. Akshay made Gabbar..
They got appreciation.. but corruption saw no depriciation..
First time ever Viva channel has learnt chess,
to put a checkmate to this, and
we present you the live sting operation.
the sting operation is on a govt officer
who demanded a bribe of ten thousand for signature..
So we threw our Pydi Raj into this secret mission.
Over to Pydi
Heyy..
What are those lights and lightman for?
Should I not capture the officer beautifully?!
Such intelligence..
Put aside all those, go alone with the button camera..
You jealous people!!..
Namasthe Sir..
Namasthe, sit..
Look here and wish sir..
Ah, I mean look here and talk sir..
Ah.. Namasthe.. come on take your seat.
'Ghoos Gagan'
The head level(Innner voice)
Ah.. Sir.. Could you see..My file..
What man?
Did you bring I have asked for?
Ha, I brought it sir..
Okay, pass it to me under the table..
SIR!!
What again?
My grandmother told me not to give money under a table sir.
I'll give it above the table..
Give it fast man!!..
What happened?
Is this angle fine?
(Over the earpiece) Yes, fine
Over to studio.
Are you a TV reporter?
Ha, What else do you think?
If you stop that recording, I will give a lakh..
Haha.. He is just like Akhshay in Gabbar..
Does not tempt for money..
That means!!?
Heyy.. How much did he offer?
(Over the Walkie talkie)One lakh rupees.
Okay, I will give you one lakh five rupees.
I will give you two lakhs
Give it to me, Hey.. I will give you two lakhs twenty thousand and twenty six rup..
Five lakhs, we will close the deal!!
Hey.. What is his final offer?
FIVE LAKHS!!
Okay, take that and come back here..
When will the corruption end sir?!
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Lo Asesine, Pero Ya Cumplí Mi Condena 🔫😩⚰ | Caso Cerrado | Telemundo - Duration: 19:23.
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Goodbye AFRICA! It's been a lekker few years! - Sailing Vessel Delos Ep. 149 - Duration: 33:36.
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【韓国】サムソンチャジャン麺ってこんなに美味しかったんだ。 - Duration: 7:02.
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Facing MongoDB tips, trics & gotchas Joanna Kolonko - Duration: 4:41.
hello everyone my name is Asia and I'm Ruby on rails developer as probably most
of you and I was starting my adventure with rails I was working mostly with
active record however some time ago I started working on a project which is
MongoDB and Mongoid as an object document mapper
and Mongoid provides a DSL which is quite similar to those provided by active record
however there are some differences and gotchas
that you should be aware of when working with MongoDB
first and I think the biggest differences is that Mongo it does not
support typical joins this stands from the fact that Mongoid and MongoDB
is not a relational database
and however Mongoid allows you to define a relations in your
models it is still not relational database
so if you want to query by reference document
you probably have to perform more than one query
another difference is presence of embedded collections in documents
and one caveat of using embedded collections is that you can only access the embedded document via
its parent so consider using a model user which embeds many addresses you
can fetch address like this first fetching the user and then searching
for its children but you cannot access the address like that
I'm sorry
like that
because address is not a collection that is available on the top of your database
it only lives within the user model
this makes harder to
it makes harder to query an embedded collection as a whole
because queries like address all will always return zero results
because as I said it lives only within the parent document
another surprising thing with embedded collections is validation
consider this method when we create an interval for user then we just check each interval is
valid and we'll try to save it and we when we look at the console
we can see that interval is valid an interval is saved however when we check
if our user is valid we may end up with the results like this
sometimes even if validation of embedded document passes
it might breaks up the validation of parent document
and you won't be able to save it anymore
this makes your parent document fail silently
without even notifying you that something is wrong
another things are indexes MongoDB only use one index per query
so simply adding more and more indexes to your models won't help your queries run faster
to solve this you can create a compound indexes on your models
however you should be aware that a badly designed index
can lower your performance rather than speeding up the queries
and another caveat is that queries in MongoDB are case sensitive
there is quite nice feature called
text search in MongoDB which is text index on fields
however its case sensitive and it only allows the
search for exact phrases
you can of course you regex search with the case insensitive flag but
it's much slower as it cannot use text index properly
and the cat
thank you
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ARE YOU "VEGETARIAN" SAAD??? [ARB/ENG][THE HALAL ROAD-10] - Duration: 14:57.
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Pasupathi Thanaya || Telugu Devotionals || Mybhaktitv - Duration: 4:03.
Please Share and Subscribe our Channel for More Interesting Videos.
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Как коучинг может улучшить вашу жизнь. - Duration: 3:48.
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Struwwelpeter by Heinrich Hoffmann - Duration: 14:19.
Struwwelpeter: Merry Stories and Funny Pictures
by Heinrich Hoffmann
This LibriVox recording is in the public domain.
When the children have been good,
That is, be it understood,
Good at meal-times, good at play,
Good all night and good all day—
They shall have the pretty things
Merry Christmas always brings.
Naughty, romping girls and boys
Tear their clothes and make a noise,
Spoil their pinafores and frocks,
And deserve no Christmas-box.
Such as these shall never look
At this pretty Picture-book.
Shock-headed Peter
Just look at him!
there he stands,
With his nasty hair and hands.
See! his nails are never cut;
They are grimed as black as soot;
And the sloven, I declare,
Never once has combed his hair;
Anything to me is sweeter
Than to see Shock-headed Peter.
Cruel Frederick
Here is cruel Frederick, see!
A horrid wicked boy was he;
He caught the flies, poor little things,
And then tore off their tiny wings,
He killed the birds, and broke the chairs,
And threw the kitten down the stairs;
And oh! far worse than all beside,
He whipped his Mary, till she cried.
The trough was full, and faithful Tray
Came out to drink one sultry day;
He wagged his tail, and wet his lip,
When cruel Fred snatched up a whip,
And whipped poor Tray till he was sore,
And kicked and whipped him more and more:
At this, good Tray grew very red,
And growled, and bit him till he bled;
Then you should only have been by,
To see how Fred did scream and cry!
So Frederick had to go to bed:
His leg was very sore and red!
The Doctor came, and shook his head,
And made a very great to-do,
And gave him nasty physic too.
But good dog Tray is happy now;
He has no time to say "Bow-wow!"
He seats himself in Frederick's chair
And laughs to see the nice things there:
The soup he swallows, sup by sup—
And eats the pies and puddings up.
The Dreadful Story of Harriet and the Matches
It almost makes me cry to tell
What foolish Harriet befell.
Mamma and Nurse went out one day
And left her all alone at play.
Now, on the table close at hand,
A box of matches chanced to stand;
And kind Mamma and Nurse had told her,
That, if she touched them, they would scold her.
But Harriet said: "Oh, what a pity!
For, when they burn, it is so pretty;
They crackle so, and spit, and flame:
Mamma, too, often does the same."
The pussy-cats heard this,
And they began to hiss,
And stretch their claws,
And raise their paws;
"Me-ow," they said, "me-ow, me-o,
You'll burn to death, if you do so."
But Harriet would not take advice:
She lit a match, it was so nice!
It crackled so, it burned so clear—
Exactly like the picture here.
She jumped for joy and ran about
And was too pleased to put it out.
The Pussy-cats saw this
And said: "Oh, naughty, naughty Miss!"
And stretched their claws,
And raised their paws:
"'Tis very, very wrong, you know,
Me-ow, me-o, me-ow, me-o,
You will be burnt, if you do so."
And see! oh, what dreadful thing!
The fire has caught her apron-string;
Her apron burns, her arms, her hair—
She burns all over everywhere.
Then how the pussy-cats did mew—
What else, poor pussies, could they do?
They screamed for help, 'twas all in vain!
So then they said: "We'll scream again;
Make haste, make haste, me-ow, me-o,
She'll burn to death; we told her so."
So she was burnt, with all her clothes,
And arms, and hands, and eyes, and nose;
Till she had nothing more to lose
Except her little scarlet shoes;
And nothing else but these was found
Among her ashes on the ground.
And when the good cats sat beside
The smoking ashes, how they cried!
"Me-ow, me-oo, me-ow, me-oo,
What will Mamma and Nursey do?"
Their tears ran down their cheeks so fast,
They made a little pond at last.
The Story of the Inky Boys
As he had often done before,
The woolly-headed Black-a-moor
One nice fine summer's day went out
To see the shops, and walk about;
And, as he found it hot, poor fellow,
He took with him his green umbrella,
Then Edward, little noisy wag,
Ran out and laughed, and waved his flag;
And William came in jacket trim,
And brought his wooden hoop with him;
And Arthur, too, snatched up his toys
And joined the other naughty boys.
So, one and all set up a roar,
And laughed and hooted more and more,
And kept on singing,—only think!—
"Oh, Blacky, you're as black as ink!"
Now tall Agrippa lived close by—
So tall, he almost touched the sky;
He had a mighty inkstand, too,
In which a great goose-feather grew;
He called out in an angry tone
"Boys, leave the Black-a-moor alone!
For, if he tries with all his might,
He cannot change from black to white."
But, ah! they did not mind a bit
What great Agrippa said of it;
But went on laughing, as before,
And hooting at the Black-a-moor.
Then great Agrippa foams with rage—
Look at him on this very page!
He seizes Arthur, seizes Ned,
Takes William by his little head;
And they may scream and kick and call,
Into the ink he dips them all;
Into the inkstand, one, two, three,
Till they are black as black can be;
Turn over now, and you shall see.
See, there they are, and there they run!
The Black-a-moor enjoys the fun.
They have been made as black as crows,
Quite black all over, eyes and nose,
And legs, and arms, and heads, and toes,
And trousers, pinafores, and toys—
The silly little inky boys!
Because they set up such a roar,
And teased the harmless Black-a-moor.
The Story of the Man that went out Shooting
This is the man that shoots the hares;
This is the coat he always wears:
With game-bag, powder-horn, and gun
He's going out to have some fun.
He finds it hard, without a pair
Of spectacles, to shoot the hare.
The hare sits snug in leaves and grass
And laughs to see the green man pass.
Now, as the sun grew very hot,
And he a heavy gun had got,
He lay down underneath a tree
And went to sleep, as you may see.
And, while he slept like any top,
The little hare came, hop, hop, hop,
Took gun and spectacles, and then
On her hind legs went off again.
The green man wakes and sees her place
The spectacles upon her face;
And now she's trying all she can
To shoot the sleepy, green-coat man.
He cries and screams and runs away;
The hare runs after him all day
And hears him call out everywhere:
"Help! Fire! Help!
The Hare! The Hare!"
At last he stumbled at the well,
Head over ears, and in he fell.
The hare stopped short, took aim and, hark!
Bang went the gun—she missed her mark!
The poor man's wife was drinking up
Her coffee in her coffee-cup;
The gun shot cup and saucer through;
"Oh dear!" cried she; "what shall I do?"
There lived close by the cottage there
The hare's own child, the little hare;
And while she stood upon her toes,
The coffee fell and burned her nose.
"Oh dear!" she cried, with spoon in hand,
"Such fun I do not understand."
The Story of Little Suck-a-Thumb
One day Mamma said "Conrad dear,
I must go out and leave you here.
But mind now, Conrad, what I say,
Don't suck your thumb while I'm away.
The great tall tailor always comes
To little boys who suck their thumbs;
And ere they dream what he's about,
He takes his great sharp scissors out,
And cuts their thumbs clean off—and then,
You know, they never grow again."
Mamma had scarcely turned her back,
The thumb was in, Alack! Alack!
The door flew open, in he ran,
The great, long, red-legged scissor-man.
Oh! children, see! the tailor's come
And caught out little Suck-a-Thumb.
Snip! Snap! Snip! the scissors go;
And Conrad cries out "Oh! Oh! Oh!"
Snip! Snap! Snip!
They go so fast,
That both his thumbs are off at last.
Mamma comes home: there Conrad stands,
And looks quite sad, and shows his hands;
"Ah!" said Mamma, "I knew he'd come
To naughty little Suck-a-Thumb."
The Story of Augustus, who would not have any Soup
Augustus was a chubby lad;
Fat ruddy cheeks Augustus had:
And everybody saw with joy
The plump and hearty, healthy boy.
He ate and drank as he was told,
And never let his soup get cold.
But one day, one cold winter's day,
He screamed out "Take the soup away!
O take the nasty soup away!
I won't have any soup today."
Next day, now look, the picture shows
How lank and lean Augustus grows!
Yet, though he feels so weak and ill,
The naughty fellow cries out still
"Not any soup for me, I say:
O take the nasty soup away!
I won't have any soup today."
The third day comes: Oh what a sin!
To make himself so pale and thin.
Yet, when the soup is put on table,
He screams, as loud as he is able,
"Not any soup for me, I say:
O take the nasty soup away!
I WON'T have any soup today."
Look at him, now the fourth day's come!
He scarcely weighs a sugar-plum;
He's like a little bit of thread,
And, on the fifth day, he was—dead!
The Story of Fidgety Philip
"Let me see if Philip can
Be a little gentleman;
Let me see if he is able
To sit still for once at table":
Thus Papa bade Phil behave;
And Mamma looked very grave.
But fidgety Phil, He won't sit still;
He wriggles, And giggles,
And then, I declare,
Swings backwards and forwards,
And tilts up his chair,
Just like any rocking horse—
"Philip! I am getting cross!"
See the naughty, restless child
Growing still more rude and wild,
Till his chair falls over quite.
Philip screams with all his might,
Catches at the cloth, but then
That makes matters worse again.
Down upon the ground they fall,
Glasses, plates, knives, forks, and all.
How Mamma did fret and frown,
When she saw them tumbling down!
And Papa made such a face!
Philip is in sad disgrace.
Where is Philip, where is he?
Fairly covered up you see!
Cloth and all are lying on him;
He has pulled down all upon him.
What a terrible to-do!
Dishes, glasses, snapt in two!
Here a knife, and there a fork!
Philip, this is cruel work.
Table all so bare, and ah!
Poor Papa, and poor Mamma
Look quite cross, and wonder how
They shall have their dinner now.
The Story of Johnny Head-in-Air
As he trudged along to school,
It was always Johnny's rule
To be looking at the sky
And the clouds that floated by;
But what just before him lay,
In his way,
Johnny never thought about;
So that every one cried out
"Look at little Johnny there,
Little Johnny Head-In-Air!"
Running just in Johnny's way
Came a little dog one day;
Johnny's eyes were still astray
Up on high,
In the sky;
And he never heard them cry
"Johnny, mind, the dog is nigh!"
Bump! Dump!
Down they fell, with such a thump,
Dog and Johnny in a lump!
Once, with head as high as ever,
Johnny walked beside the river.
Johnny watched the swallows trying
Which was cleverest at flying.
Oh! what fun!
Johnny watched the bright round sun
Going in and coming out;
This was all he thought about.
So he strode on, only think!
To the river's very brink,
Where the bank was high and steep,
And the water very deep;
And the fishes, in a row,
Stared to see him coming so.
One step more! oh! sad to tell!
Headlong in poor Johnny fell.
And the fishes, in dismay,
Wagged their tails and swam away.
There lay Johnny on his face,
With his nice red writing-case;
But, as they were passing by,
Two strong men had heard him cry;
And, with sticks, these two strong men
Hooked poor Johnny out again.
Oh! you should have seen him shiver
When they pulled him from the river.
He was in a sorry plight!
Dripping wet, and such a fright!
Wet all over, everywhere,
Clothes, and arms, and face, and hair:
Johnny never will forget
What it is to be so wet.
And the fishes, one, two, three,
Are come back again, you see;
Up they came the moment after,
To enjoy the fun and laughter.
Each popped out his little head,
And, to tease poor Johnny, said
"Silly little Johnny, look,
You have lost your writing-book!"
The Story of Flying Robert
When the rain comes tumbling down
In the country or the town,
All good little girls and boys
Stay at home and mind their toys.
Robert thought, "No, when it pours,
It is better out of doors."
Rain it did, and in a minute
Bob was in it.
Here you see him, silly fellow,
Underneath his red umbrella.
What a wind! oh! how it whistles
Through the trees and flowers and thistles!
It has caught his red umbrella:
Now look at him, silly fellow—
Up he flies
To the skies.
No one heard his screams and cries;
Through the clouds the rude wind bore him,
And his hat flew on before him.
Soon they got to such a height,
They were nearly out of sight.
And the hat went up so high,
That it nearly touched the sky.
No one ever yet could tell
Where they stopped, or where they fell:
Only this one thing is plain,
Bob was never seen again!
END of Struwwelpeter: Merry Stories and Funny Pictures
by Heinrich Hoffmann
read by Kara Shallenberg
www.kayray.org
in December 2011
in San Diego, California
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~2種類のムービー~ MGSV - Duration: 3:42.
I'll show you 2 kinds of movie on 'AWAKENING'
Be under the bed Naked isn't...
This movie start
Be under the bed Naked is...
Another movie start
Thanks for watching !
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Spot The Difference?! 2018 World Cup Balls Tested - Duration: 12:04.
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ENTRELAZAMIENTO CUANTICO Y COMUNICACIÓN - Carlos Delfino y Yolanda Soria - COMUNICACIÓN - Parte 3 - Duration: 1:38:26.
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Puss in Boots - Duration: 11:06.
The Master Cat, or Puss in Boots
by Charles Perrault
This LibriVox recording is in the public domain.
here was a miller,
who left no more estate to the three sons he had,
than his Mill, his Ass,
and his Cat.
The partition was soon made.
Neither the scrivener nor attorney were sent for.
They would soon have eaten up all the poor patrimony.
The eldest had the Mill,
the second the Ass,
and the youngest nothing but the Cat.
The poor young fellow was quite comfortless at having so poor a lot.
"My brothers," said he,
"may get their living handsomely enough, by joining their stocks together;
but for my part,
when I have eaten up my Cat,
and made me a muff of his skin,
I must die with hunger."
The Cat, who heard all this,
but made as if he did not,
said to him with a grave and serious air:
"Do not thus afflict yourself,
my good master;
you have only to give me a bag,
and get a pair of boots made for me,
that I may scamper thro' the dirt and the brambles,
and you shall see that
you have not so bad a portion of me as you imagine."
Tho' the Cat's master did not build very much upon what he said,
he had however often seen him play
a great many cunning tricks to catch rats and mice;
as when he used to hang by the heels,
or hide himself in the meal,
and make as if he were dead;
so that he did not altogether despair of
his affording him some help
in his miserable condition.
When the Cat had what he asked for,
he booted himself very gallantly;
and putting his bag about his neck,
he held the strings of it in his two fore paws,
and went into a warren where was great abundance of rabbits.
He put bran and sow-thistle into his bag,
and stretching himself out at length,
as if he had been dead,
he waited for some young rabbit,
not yet acquainted with the deceits of the world,
to come and rummage his bag for what he had put into it.
Scarce was he lain down,
but he had what he wanted;
a rash and foolish young rabbit jumped into his bag,
and Monsieur Puss, immediately drawing close the strings,
took and killed him without pity.
Proud of his prey,
he went with it to the palace,
and asked to speak with his Majesty.
He was shewed up stairs into the King's apartment,
and, making a low reverence,
said to him:
"I have brought you, sir, a rabbit of the warren which
my noble lord the Marquis of Carabas"
(for that was the title which Puss was pleased to give his master)
"has commanded me to present to your Majesty from him."
"Tell thy master," said the King,
"that I thank him,
and that he does me a great deal of pleasure."
Another time
he went and hid himself among some standing corn,
holding still his bag open;
and when a brace of partridges ran into it,
he drew the strings,
and so caught them both.
He went and made a present of these to the King,
as he had done before of the rabbit which he took in the warren.
The King in like manner received the partridges with great pleasure,
and ordered him some money to drink.
The Cat continued for two or three months,
thus to carry his Majesty,
from time to time,
game of his master's taking.
One day in particular,
when he knew for certain that
the King was to take the air,
along the river side,
with his daughter,
the most beautiful Princess in the world,
he said to his master:
"If you will follow my advice,
your fortune is made;
you have nothing else to do,
but go and wash yourself in the river,
in that part I shall shew you,
and leave the rest to me."
The Marquis of Carabas did what the Cat advised him to,
without knowing why or wherefore.
While he was washing,
the King passed by,
and the Cat began to cry out, as loud as he could:
"Help, help,
my lord Marquis of Carabas is drowning."
At this noise the King put his head out of his coach-window,
and finding it was the Cat
who had so often brought him such good game,
he commanded his guards to run immediately
to the assistance of his lordship the Marquis of Carabas.
While they were drawing the poor Marquis out of the river,
the Cat came up to the coach,
and told the King that while his master was washing,
there came by some rogues,
who went off with his clothes,
tho' he had cried out "Thieves, thieves," several times, as loud as he could.
This cunning Cat had hidden them under a great stone.
The King immediately commanded the officers of his wardrobe
to run and fetch one of his best suits for the lord Marquis of Carabas.
The King received him with great kindness,
and as the fine clothes he had given him extremely set off his good mien
(for he was well made,
and very handsome in his person),
the King's daughter took a secret inclination to him,
and the Marquis of Carabas
had no sooner cast two or three respectful and somewhat tender glances,
but she fell in love with him to distraction.
The King would needs have him come into his coach,
and take part of the airing.
The Cat, quite overjoyed to see his project begin to succeed,
marched on before,
and meeting with some countrymen, who were mowing a meadow,
he said to them:
"Good people, you who are mowing,
if you do not tell the King,
that the meadow you mow belongs to my lord Marquis of Carabas,
you shall be chopped as small as mince-meat."
The King did not fail asking of the mowers,
to whom the meadow they were mowing belonged.
"To my lord Marquis of Carabas," answered they all together;
for the Cat's threats had made them terribly afraid.
"Truly a fine estate,"
said the King to the Marquis of Carabas.
"You see, sir," said the Marquis,
"this is a meadow which never fails to yield a plentiful harvest every year."
The Master Cat,
who still went on before,
met with some reapers,
and said to them:
"Good people, you who are reaping,
if you do not tell the King that all this corn belongs to the Marquis of Carabas,
you shall be chopped as small as mince-meat."
The King, who passed by a moment after,
would needs know to whom all that corn, which he then saw, did belong.
"To my lord Marquis of Carabas," replied the reapers;
and the King again congratulated the Marquis.
The Master Cat, who went always before,
said the same words to all he met;
and the King was astonished at the vast estates of my lord Marquis of Carabas.
Monsieur Puss came at last to a stately castle,
the master of which was an Ogre,
the richest had ever been known;
for all the lands which the King had then gone over belonged to this castle.
The Cat,
who had taken care to inform himself who this Ogre was,
and what he could do,
asked to speak with him,
saying,
he could not pass so near his castle,
without having the honour of paying his respects to him.
The Ogre received him as civilly as an Ogre could do,
and made him sit down.
"I have been assured," said the Cat,
"that you have the gift of being able to change yourself
into all sorts of creatures you have a mind to;
you can, for example,
transform yourself into a lion, or elephant, and the like."
"This is true," answered the Ogre very briskly,
"and to convince you,
you shall see me now become a lion."
Puss was so sadly terrified at the sight of a lion so near him,
that he immediately got into the gutter,
not without abundance of trouble and danger,
because of his boots,
which were ill-suited for walking upon the tiles.
A little while after,
when Puss saw that the Ogre had resumed his natural form,
he came down, and owned he had been very much frightened.
"I have been moreover informed," said the Cat,
"but I know not how to believe it,
that you have also the power
to take on you the shape of the smallest animals;
for example, to change yourself into a rat or a mouse;
but I must own to you,
I take this to be impossible."
"Impossible?"
cried the Ogre,
"you shall see that presently,"
and at the same time changed into a mouse,
and began to run about the floor.
Puss no sooner perceived this,
but he fell upon him,
and ate him up.
Meanwhile the King, who saw, as he passed,
this fine castle of the Ogre's,
had a mind to go into it.
Puss,
who heard the noise of his Majesty's coach running over the drawbridge,
ran out and said to the King:
"Your Majesty is welcome to this castle of my lord Marquis of Carabas."
"What! my lord Marquis?"
cried the King,
"and does this castle also belong to you?
There can be nothing finer than this court,
and all the stately buildings which surround it;
let us go into it, if you please."
The Marquis gave his hand to the Princess,
and followed the King, who went up first.
They passed into a spacious hall,
where they found a magnificent collation
which the Ogre had prepared for his friends,
who were that very day to visit him,
but dared not to enter knowing the King was there.
His Majesty was perfectly charmed
with the good qualities of my lord Marquis of Carabas,
as was his daughter who was fallen violently in love with him;
and seeing the vast estate he possessed,
said to him,
after having drank five or six glasses:
"It will be owing to yourself only, my lord Marquis,
if you are not my son-in-law."
The Marquis making several low bows,
accepted the honour which his Majesty conferred upon him,
and forthwith, that very same day, married the Princess.
Puss became a great lord,
and never ran after mice any more,
but only for his diversion.
The Moral
How advantageous it may be,
By long descent of pedigree,
T'enjoy a great estate,
Yet knowledge how to act, we see,
Join'd with consummate industry,
(Nor wonder ye thereat)
Doth often prove a greater boon,
As should be to young people known.
Another
If the son of a miller so soon gains the heart
Of a beautiful princess, and makes her impart
Sweet languishing glances, eyes melting for love,
It must be remark'd of fine clothes how they move,
And that youth, a good face, a good air, with good mien,
Are not always indifferent mediums to win
The love of the fair, and gently inspire
The flames of sweet passion, and tender desire.
END of The Master Cat, or Puss in Boots
read by Kara Shallenberg
www.kayray.org
in December 2011
in San Diego, California
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《Girls' Talk - 豁出去漫遊》第35集 - 西班牙 - Duration: 11:26.
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The Little Match Girl by Hans Andersen - Duration: 6:36.
The Little Match Girl
by Hans Andersen
read in English
This is a LibriVox recording.
All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain.
For more information or to volunteer,
please visit librivox.org
It was dreadfully cold;
it was snowing fast,
and was almost dark,
as evening came on —the last evening of the year.
In the cold and the darkness,
there went along the street a poor little girl,
bareheaded and with naked feet.
When she left home she had slippers on,
it is true;
but they were much too large for her feet,
—slippers that her mother had used until then,
and the poor little girl lost them in running across the street
when two carriages were passing terribly fast.
When she looked for them,
one was not to be found,
and a boy seized the other and ran away with it,
saying he would use it for a cradle some day,
when he had children of his own.
So on the little girl went with her bare feet,
that were red and blue with cold.
In an old apron that she wore were bundles of matches,
and she carried a bundle also in her hand.
No one had bought so much as a bunch all the long day,
and no one had given her even a penny.
Poor little girl!
Shivering with cold and hunger she crept along,
a perfect picture of misery!
The snowflakes fell on her long flaxen hair,
which hung in pretty curls about her throat;
but she thought not of her beauty nor of the cold.
Lights gleamed in every window,
and there came to her the savory smell of roast goose,
for it was New Year's Eve.
And it was of this which she thought.
In a corner formed by two houses,
one of which projected beyond the other,
she sat cowering down.
She had drawn under her little feet,
but still she grew colder and colder;
yet she dared not go home,
for she had sold no matches,
and could not bring a penny of money.
Her father would certainly beat her;
and, besides, it was cold enough at home,
for they had only the houseroof above them;
and, though the largest holes had been stopped with straw and rags,
there were left many through which the cold wind whistled.
And now her little hands were nearly frozen with cold.
Alas!
a single match might do her good if she might only draw it from the bundle,
rub it against the wall,
and warm her fingers by it.
So at last she drew one out.
Whischt!
How it blazed and burned!
It gave out a warm, bright flame like a little candle,
as she held her hands over it.
A wonderful little light it was.
It really seemed to the little girl as if she sat before a great iron stove,
with polished brass feet and brass shovel and tongs.
So blessedly it burned that
the little maiden stretched out her feet to warm them also.
How comfortable she was!
But lo!
the flame went out,
the stove vanished,
and nothing remained but the little burned match in her hand.
She rubbed another match against the wall.
It burned brightly,
and where the light fell upon the wall it became transparent like a veil,
so that she could see through it into the room.
A snow-white cloth was spread upon the table,
on which was a beautiful china dinner service,
while a roast goose,
stuffed with apples and prunes,
steamed famously,
and sent forth a most savory smell.
And what was more delightful still, and wonderful,
the goose jumped from the dish,
with knife and fork still in its breast,
and waddled along the floor straight to the little girl.
But the match went out then,
and nothing was left to her but the thick, damp wall.
She lighted another match.
And now she was under a most beautiful Christmas tree,
larger and far more prettily trimmed than the one she had seen
through the glass doors at the rich merchant's.
Hundreds of wax tapers were burning on the green branches, and gay figures,
such as she had seen in the shop windows, looked down upon her.
The child stretched out her hands to them;
then the match went out.
Still the lights of the Christmas tree rose higher and higher.
She saw them as stars in heaven,
and one of them fell,
forming a long trail of fire.
"Now some one is dying," murmured the child softly;
for her grandmother,
the only person who had loved her and who was now dead,
had told her that whenever a star falls a soul mounts up to God.
She struck yet another match against the wall,
and again it was light;
and in the brightness
there appeared before her the dear old grandmother,
bright and radiant,
yet sweet and mild,
and happy as she had never looked on earth.
"Oh, grandmother," cried the child,
"take me with you."
"I know you will go away when the match burns out."
"You, too, will vanish,"
"like the warm stove,"
"the splendid New Year's feast,"
"the beautiful Christmas Tree."
And lest her grandmother should disappear,
she rubbed the whole bundle of matches against the wall.
And the matches burned with such a brilliant light
that it became brighter than noonday.
Her grandmother had never looked so grand and beautiful.
She took the little girl in her arms,
and both flew together,
joyously and gloriously,
mounting higher and higher,
far above the earth;
and for them there was neither hunger, nor cold, nor care;
—they were with God.
But in the corner,
at the dawn of day,
sat the poor girl,
leaning against the wall,
with red cheeks and smiling mouth,
—frozen to death on the last evening of the old year.
Stiff and cold she sat,
with the matches,
one bundle of which was burned.
"She wanted to warm herself, poor little thing," people said.
No one imagined what sweet visions she had had,
or how gloriously she had gone with her grandmother
to enter upon the joys of a new year.
END of The Little Match Girl
by Hans Andersen
read by Jack Herbert
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