Hello my dear friends, my name is Arith Härger and today I'm going to talk about the Parts of the Self in the Norse spiritual understanding
When speaking about Norse spirituality it's inevitable talking about certain concepts belonging to the spiritual reality of each individual
and how they influence our very existence and our relation with the natural world, the gods and the cosmos
And so far in many videos I've often mention certain terms such as Fylgja, Hamr, Hugr, Hamingja, etc.
but I usually give you a superficial understanding of what those are to avoid creating a second subject within a video whose main purpose is not to explain any of these concepts
So today I've decided to create a video solely to develop each concept belonging to the parts of the self
and this video shall serve as your "note book" to consult whenever you need to remember these concepts.
Now, this subject is extremely complex to put in one single video, but I've tried my best
but even so I'll advise you to take out your actual note books to write these down
I'm going to talk about Lik, Ond, Hugr, Minni, Fylgja, Vard, Hamr, Od, Hamingja, and finally Maegen
So, with no more delay, let's get started my dear friends
Unlike the religious realities we are so familiar with, in terms of the concept of the soul the Nordic spirituality does not include a simplified separation between body and soul
For instance, Christianity is clear on this subject, the soul lives within the body but upon death there is a clear detachment from the physical-self
the body is one thing and the soul is another which sooner or later travels into some unreachable place and disconnects itself from our reality
A clear separation from the body, mind and soul, quite simple
But to the Norse the self was a more complicated entity
It wasn't a single entity, there wasn't a clear union
instead there is a sort of compression of different parts that made the self and those parts coexist and can detach themselves from one another in certain circumstances
and some of these parts have a conscious of their own
In the Norse description of the human being
there are many aspects of the soul and these aspects compose the individual both the physical and the psychological
And if we take a look at how humans came to be in the Norse myths we have a clear perception of the parts of the self:
Humans were not created by the gods
Humans already existed in the form of two trees – Ask and Embla, Ash and Elm
These two logs were found on a shore by Odin, Honer and Lodur
Humans had been cast out from the primordial sea, but they did not have the form and capacities of today.
We had our own existence but then the gods gifted us with something that would makes us whole
Humans had no Hug, no blood, and no godlikeness
So Odin and Honer gave them Spirit and Hug
and Lodur gave them godlikeness, character and behaviour
Odin gave them breath
Honer gave them understanding and movement
Lodur gave them senses and emotions
So humans only existed in a physical level, as logs, as tress
nothing more than the physical existence
Odin gave them the spiritual level – Life and breath
Honer gave them the mental level – Understanding and movement
Lodur gave them everything else that gives humans the capacity to travel between realities – Senses and emotions
None of these levels correspond to the concept of a "soul" in the traditional Christian sense-
a unique and non-transferable essence of a person
To the Norse there was no concept of the soul before Christianity,
so they had various concepts that together formed the individual
which means the self was able to experience different realities during life and after death,
experiencing different levels of existence and different spiritual levels
Let's take a look at the detailed arrangement of the different aspects of a person,
the different parts that comprise the human self
Lik, the physical body
It's the Matter itself, the physical self in its raw state just like Ask and Embla before the gods gave them the levels of existence
Lik is the structure of the body, the foundations that hold the physical self
the skeleton and framework of the other aspects
The physical body was called Lik
which was also often the term to refer to a dead body
the physicalself without the other aspects that make a person
just the hull, the very thing that gives us the ability to live and manifest ourselves in this world, in Midgard
Ond, the spirit, the breath
he breath is the closest thing connected to the spiritual-self in the Norse perspective
We have been given life through the breathing of nature: the wind itself
Odin, used to be known as being a god of the wind as well, of the weather
The Norse often said that one's breath is one's spirit
Ond is the essence of life
It is what awakens life in the physical existence, the spark of life
All life has this Ond in its core
Nature itself has Ond
and the stronger it is the more powerful a place can be
Everything from rock to tree, from animal to human can have a higher amount of Ond and therefore be more powerful
This is the divine spark and it's the very thing that connects us to every reality, be that spiritual or our own reality
The Ond flows up and down like a force which connects us to everything
It's this very Ond that is the key to open up the power of the voice in Galdr
Galdr isn't about the incantations or the words spoken,
but how you let them out, the sound, the vibration of the voice
letting out your own spirit and giving part of yourself, giving your breath to create life, to give existence to something
It's your own essence that comes forth, and the vibration of the voice travels and spreads
I cannot help to think that this exact concept may have something to do with the ǫndvegissúlur
as you can see the name itself starts with Ond
These are the high-seat pillars which in pagan Scandinavia played a particular religious role
These were the pillars of the highseat on the north side of the house
which most certainly have a link to the cult of the ancestors and the cult of the world-pillar
represented by the pillars supporting the house roof
The Icelandic sagas tell us that settlers threw their ondvegissulur, their high-seat pillars, into the sea in sight of land
and then settled wherever these pillars were washed ashore
Such pillars also came from temples which in certain sagas have the images of gods carved on them
The same principle of the myth of Ask and Embla, being tree logs in a shore
So Ond in this particular tradition and cult seems to be precisely that which sustains life
because the physical is nothing without its spiritual foundations
Then we have the Hugr
Hugen or Hugr is the thought, the mind and conscious qualities of the soul
It corresponds to someone's personality and the conscious cognitive process
Hugr and Minni, thought and memory, personified in the figures of Odin's two ravens, Hugin and Munin
The Hugr is the analytical thinking and it represents the functions of the side of the brain that holds our thoughts
The Hugr is free and flows easily, which gives us the ability to have journeys of the mind and of the intellect
The hugr belongs to us and it's in us
but those who have an exceptionally strong hugr sometimes can affect someone else just by thinking about them
Expressing a spiritual connection we have with someone through the physical
Minni
Minni is a very important aspect of the soul
Minni is the memory-
but it isn't just an idea that slowly fades away with time, it goes much deeper than that
It represents the ability to travel to the memories of the past of ancient days
The well of Mimer, or Mimir, represents this concept, and it's in this well that Odin sacrifices an eye to obtain ancient wisdom
the wisdom of the past and the wisdom of those who are gone
A magical memory which contains the information of the past
It doesn't fade away, because it remains in the self like something carved on the very soul
Not only is our own memories but the memories of the ancestors which flow in us and we are able to reach such memories
Which is a pretty interesting concept given the latest DNA researches that have been going on
The memory of our ancestors stays in our DNA, which helps us to survive
Past traumas or the very skills and abilities of our ancestors that remain in our bloodline and give us abilities that come natural to us
because our ancestors already had those same abilities
For instance, knowing how to draw and paint, playing a certain instrument without having been taught in how to do it
because a certain ancestor did it and that memory is printed in our DNA, stored in our DNA and then it expresses itself in our Brain
in the part that hold memory and is able to recreate that memory through our physical-self
Minni is the ancestral wisdom
Minni is the associative thinking that represents the functions of the other half of the brain, the opposite side of Hugr, but both complement themselves
Then we have the Fylgja, or the plural form, Fylgjur
This is a sort of guardian spirit or guide
The Fylgja usually appears in three distinct forms:
as an animal, as a person of the opposite sex and as an abstract form
Each individual has a Fylgja, but so do families and tribes
This is closely connected to Totem-animals and a Totemic view of the spiritual-self
The fylgja is generally perceived in an animal form
It's an attendant spirit whose well-being is intimately tied to that of its owner
the Fylgja dies and so does its owner
although if the person dies first, the Fylgja having its own conscious existence, can remain existing on its own
or can pass on to the decedent or the family of the previous owner, thus continuing to guide and help individuals
The character of the Fylgja and also its form are closely connected to the character of its owner
The Fylgjur are what would later be called the companions of witches, familiar spirits
So it takes the form of the character of the person, a sort of doppelganger of the person which can act or appear on behalf of the person
But we also have Fylgjur belonging to a certain group
for instance a warrior-group can adopt a wolf or a bear as their Fylgja and then the members of the group adopt this Fylgja as their animal totem
and being in contact with this fylgja a person ends up adopting the traits and personality of the Fylgja in question
In this case it's not the Fylgja that represents the person, but it's the person that adopts the character of that Fylgja
which ends up having the opposite effect
nstead of the Fylgja having the shape of the person, the person starts to have the shape of the Fylgja
which is understood as Shapeshifting
Adopting the physical appearance and personality of the animal totem and acting as such
The Fylgja follows a person through life
It watches over the birth of the person and guides the person in dreams
and then guides the person through life until death
The Fylgja is usually perceived as a follower
but most often is depicted as traveling ahead of its owner, arriving at a certain destination before its owner
or appearing in the dreams of someone who will meet the owner of the Fylgja the following day
And this can be better perceived in Seidr
The practitioner of Seidr makes sure to have a good relation with his/her Fylgja and learn how to communicate with it
ince this Fylgja is part of the person, the doppelganger of the person
s I've said it can manifest itself on behalf of the person
So the practitioner of Seidr can send forth its mind and give it shape to physically do things of influence events
This manifestation of the mind comes in the form of an animal, because that is the Fylgja
The Fylgja is the physical and spiritual manifestation of the mind itself
which is reflected on spiritual journeys when the person shapeshifts into his or her animal spirit, to travel in the spiritual world
So the Fylgja is the closest thing to an understanding of the Soul in the sense of a spiritual doppelganger of the person
our own physical appearance reflected on our spiritual form
although the Fylgjur are definitely different from the Christian concept of the soul in that they leave the person at his death and become independent beings
On the other hand the Fylgja can transfer to family-relations so that a certain relationship of the Fylgjur to the family of the previous owner remains and endures
The Fylgja is also associated with the personified luck of a person, which is the hamingja that I will talk about further ahead
Speaking of the Fylgja, we have the Vard, or Vård or even vǫrðr
Which can be understood as a warden or a watcher, which is a spirit that follows a person from birth to death
Much like the Fylgja, the Vard can manifest itself in the shape of a person,
the Hamr, which is the physical appearance, which I will talk about next
When a person dies, its Vard can still manifest itself in the actual physical body, as a Draugr
The Draugr are seen like Nordic zombies, which is wrong but perfectly understandable for lack of a better understanding of the spiritual-self in the Norse spirituality
The Vard is connected to both the Hugr - memory - Hamr - the physical appearance - and acts like a Fylgja
so therefore it can inhabit the body of a person and manifest itself after the person is dead
The Draugr is exactly that, a conscious undead which contains memory and essence of its previous owner
And because the Vard inhabits the dead body, a necromancer can control this Vard
this spiritual entity, and use the Draugr
This was one of the ways to acquire knowledge from the dead, waking up the dead
because the body wasn't seen as something apart from the spiritual
The body still contained memory, essence, and a dead person could be called upon and inhabit its body once again and share knowledge
This is perfectly reflected on the Voluspa, when Odin wakes up a dead seeress, a prophetess
and she tells him what he wants and what he doesn't want to know
However, certain people during their lifetime could send away their Vard on journeys to other worlds
For everyone, the Vard is disconnected from the body when the physical body dies
The Vard is the same as the ghost or wraith, a spectrum
So I'm sure it already crossed your mind the term Vardlokkur,
the name of a magical song (Galdr) which was sung at prophetic sessions by Scandinavian seeresses
and in this shamanic practice probably had a function of calling up the spirits from whom the seeresses received their knowledge
This type of Galdr was used in Seidr,
and the knowledge was given to the seeresses by the spirits, either from the Vard of others or the Vard of the seer herself
Now let's move on to the Hamr, our shape, our appearance
The hamr is one's form or appearance
There is a clear difference between the Lik, body, and the Hamr which is the appearance of that body
The Hamr is that which others perceive through their physical senses
But, it's important to take notice that unlike we nowadays perceive the appearance of another as something static and unaltered
to the Norse the Hamr is directly associated with shapeshifting
Our appearance is controlled by our Hamr, which is also called Hamn or Ham
The Hamr controls the outer shape of all living things
This is the principle of giving form
Certain people were able to use their Hugr, their mind/thought to change the Hamr, changing the appearance and form
This can be better understood during trance work
During ecstatic trance or "deep-sleep" a person releases its mind or soul and leaves the body
and the body stays there with its own appearance
The person takes the form of something else, usually and animal, usually its own Fylgja
So this process is changing the Hamr, or in other words, shapeshifiting
This is the exact same thing I've spoken earlier, a practitioner of Seidr sending forth its mind in the form of an animal
it's the use of Hugr, to change the Hamr
and send out the Fylgja
so as you can see, this entire process in Seidr one must be aware of the parts of the self to be able to understand them and therefore control them
According to the myths and folklore, if the animal, the Fylgja is hurt, the practitioner of Seidr is also hurt
I've spoken this in the videos about Seidr
It can occur, one person being able to encounter a practitioner of Seidr in another Hamr
and this person becomes sleepy and might indeed fall asleep,
which indicates that the person is entering the same world perception of that of the practitioner of Seidr
You cannot change in this reality, in this existence
but you can change the Hamr in other levels of existence where other people might also be encountered
So this is exactly what's like to be aware of the different parts of the self, it's being aware of different levels of existence
different realities tied to our own, and in order to move in other realities you must change your form
Think about it as going into space
you need a special suit to go into space,
and in this world you need this physical body to wander about, as you need other forms to wander about other realities
his sounds completely mental, I know, but it's part of the Norse spirituality,
and most of us are limited to this reality only because we are too afraid to step forward into the unknown
because the unknown is scary, and fear causes limitations to the mind, but once you step forward, your mind is free
Anyway, in the Norse myths we have a couple of gods who are the masters in the change of Hamr, like Odin, Freyja and Loki
Those who had the ability to change shape were hamramr
In the Norse society were men who took on battle frenzy were called Berserkir or Ulfhedinn
They were men who wore bear pelts or wolf skins to acquire the power of these fearsome wild animals
The belief was that these men could actually transform themselves into real bears or wolves
apparently an uncontrollable technique
But this sort of shapeshifting is the remnants of a shamanic past in the Norse culture and the use of changing the hamr
Od, the word Od means "ecstasy", or "ecstatically raving" and gave rise to the name of Odin
Odin was simply called Od, who in this alter-ego aspect of himself was a lover of Freyja
Od is the power of divine inspiration
The ecstasy that causes the mind to transcend outside the physical
Odrorir, what causes ecstasy, is the name of the divine mead that symbolically induces the divine ecstasy
The mead of the Skalds
Odrorir is also the cauldron, or in some accounts the chalice where the mead is kept
So Odrorir is that which induced ecstasy, the intoxicating drink,
while Od itself is the expanded consciousness, in which one experiences the deeper meaning of the world
Od is the very force that makes it possible to travel between the worlds
Which leads me to speak about the Hamingja, the total amount of power and illumination a person is in possession of
Hamingja is the personification of the good fortune of a person
Not in an abstract sense, but as a kind of soul-like protective entity and this it is closely associated with the Fylgjur
Although, there is another meaning to Hamingja
which is connected to the changing of the Hamr, changing of appearance of people who are able to change their shape
The word in this case probably comes from han-gengja, referring to people who could let their hamr be altered
But this Hamingja can be transferred to another person after death
It denotes both happiness and luck which was inherent in the person and his/her lineage
part of the person's personality similar to strength, intelligence, skill, abilities
that which can be used to influence wealth, power, success, to the individual and the family
This is a sort of identity of the individual, personal entity, and when a person dies, his or her hamingja can reincarnate in one of his or her descendants
This is why it was tradition to give a child the name of the original owner of the hamingja,
to call upon the ancestor to aid the child and pass on the Hamingja or to influence the hamingja of the child
But it wasn't just upon death that the Hamingja could be released or pass on,
it could also be lent to others during life to assist them in particularly events when luck needed
The hamingja can be seen as a supernatural power that some people can achieve
With such a power one can change the hamr and by doing so being connected to his or her Fylgja
which in turn will make a person more knowledgeable, more resilient, more powerful
The hamingja is empowered when the other aspects of the soul are awakened
the other parts of the self
when you are conscious of their existence and can create a balance between all the aspects
Don't get the Hamingja the wrong way as being the sort of luck that takes away one's accomplishments
or something that limits us to a sealed fate
Luck has nothing to do with that
Our abilities are our own, our skills, our power and knowledge, all acquired not through luck but through hard work
Luck is just a power that influences circumstances and we take advantage of those circumstances and act accordingly-
if we are smart and put to practice our own wisdom
Everyone has the great potential to become powerful
The mind has secret knowledge locked and safe deep inside the self
But it's sealed inside our minds
When we find the key to open up such abilities, power becomes limitless
and that's exactly why it's safe and sealed within our minds, otherwise everyone would be able to cause great destruction, once again
It's through hard work that we open up the ancestral power hidden in our minds
and the key to that power is through awareness of the different parts of the self
I would like to finish this video with one last concept that I shall probably make a video of solely about it
The maegen or also known and megin
Megin is power and magic or magical power
Men have Megin and gods have asmegin – divine power
Everything has megin
It wasn't uncommon for Norse pagans to trust solely in their own might and strength
trusting in themselves and not in the gods and other supernatural forces
Yes, our Norse ancestors believed in the gods, but many believed in their own power
It's not a form of atheism among the ancient heathens
it's just the belief in their own power which was exactly what they gave to the gods and the gods gave them back
I'll focus on this concept later on, on another video, but suffice to say for now that the maegen or megin was the reason why people gave offerings to the gods
People were not giving the objects as a gift but their own essence contained within the objects
We can have a better perception of this during the Bronze Age when people gift the gods with broken objects
Braking the object was precisely to release the megin in it, to give it to the gods
Giving our own essence to the gods, our power, our spiritual might
The gods in turn gave their asmegin, their divine power, which we could use to empower us to do all the things we need to do
to survive, to achieve our goals, to have more power, to influence luck, success, wealth
All it takes is the enthusiasm to gives us that push to do everything
That enthusiasm is the power given by the gods in exchange of our own power, our megin
And I'm quite sure you have seen hundreds of times rock engravings of anthropomorphic figures with hands towards the sky or a great emphasis of the hands
as if they had been stung by a bee and are swollen to the point of looking as if they are going to burst
This was the way to transfer the megin, our essence to the gods and the gods gave some of their own essence to us
Communication through the hands, through the palms,
receiving the divine power
and this is why even nowadays many religions retained this position with hands towards the sky to receive the power of the divine
But this shall be a concept for another video
Alright my dear friends I hope you have enjoyed this video
and I'm sorry if I went a little bit slower than usual on this video but-
I really wanted you to understand all these concepts because I know it's complex,
so I thought if I take it slowly you would better understand all these concepts and the different parts of the soul
Anyway...
Thank you so much for watching, and see you on the next video
and of course, as always... tack för idag!
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