Consider this point again
is here
it's our home
It's us, everyone you love
Everyone you know, everyone you've heard of
Every human being that ever existed
and lived their lives here
the totality of our joys and sufferings
thousands of religions, ideologies and economic doctrines
every hunter and hijacker
Every hero and coward
every creator and destroyer of civilization
every king and commoner
every couple in love
every mother and father
every hopeful child
inventors and explorers
every educator
every corrupt politician
each 'super-star'
each supreme leader
every saint and sinner in the history of our species
lived there, in a grain of dust suspended in a ray of sun
think of the rivers of blood shed by all...
those generals and emperors
so that in his glory and triumph
they can-without becoming the momentary masters of a fraction of that point
our attitudes, our imaginary importance
the illusion that we have a privileged position in the universe
is challenged by this pale spot of light
it has been said that astronomy is an experience that brings humility and shapes character
perhaps, there is no better demonstration of human foolishness and vanity...
than this distant image of our small world
this emphasizes our responsibility
to treat each other better
and to preserve and estimate the only place we know
the pale blue dot
'' written by Carl Sagan ''
Introduction
'' Eae '' Cosmologos all right? here who speaks is the Vini of the channel singularity
and in this video I'll be showing you...
how can we be bigger or smaller than we think
in other words
an atom in the universe and a universe in an atom
I strongly recommend you watch this video carefully
because it contains very important information about our universe
and the atomic scale
and I'll be starting the video showing how small we are
and then I'll show you how great we are
to give us our where we are in the universe
I will show the terrestrial cosmic address
it begins with planet earth
our planet is the third planet closest to the sun
so it is not so hot and not so cold
thus being able to support life
we live in a solar system
in which....
a yellow dwarf star
attracts gravitationally
smaller objects such as planets, moons and comets
this yellow dwarf star we call the sun
for those who do not know the sun is a star too
in another video I will explain in more detail how this works...
'' gravitational embrace '' that the sun makes on the other astronomical bodies
that is, a video on gravity
the solar system has:
8 planets, 157 moons
also called natural satellites
our moon is a natural satellite
and 70,000 celestial bodies after the gaseous planet called neptune
every solar system is protected by a cloud of comets
ort cloud call
it is the gravitational limit of our star
that is, after the cloud of ort which are several comets
the sun can not attract any stars
In short, this is our solar system
which is our second line of cosmic address
but the question is: where is our solar system?
the solar system is in a spiral galaxy called the Milky Way
a galaxy is a set of solar system
in this case, our galaxy
there are 400,000,000,000 stars!
and most of these stars have planets (and some even habitable)
it may seem a bit absurd 400,000,000,000 stars
because you've never seen anything like it in the night sky
This is because all the stars you have ever seen in life...
confined to this small fraction of the Milky Way
we could not see all the 400,000,000,000 stars due...
to nebulae and cosmic dust
(which will be subject to another video)
you must be wondering where we are in the Milky Way?
We are in this arm of the Milky Way.
You must be thinking that we're nothing special...
and really we are nothing special
then we are in the Milky Way galaxy, in the solar system and on planet earth
You must be wondering now.
Is there anything greater than galaxies?
and the answer is yes!
we are in a cluster called Local Group
there are 54 galaxies
some galaxies are '' small ''
and others even larger than the Milky Way
the largest galaxy in the local group...
is the galaxy of andromeda
it is 2.5 million light years away
but, what is the light year?
light is composed of photons
the photon is the fastest particle in the whole universe
she can reach incredible 300,000 km / s in a vacuum
for you to have an idea of this speed
when you blink
the light can give 7 and a half turns around the earth
in a second the light can reach the moon
in 8 minutes she gets to the sun
(it's really a very scary speed)
the light year is a measure of distance
so if someone says it will take 3 light years to do a job...
is wrong, because light-year is a measure of distance
and not time
the light year is equal to 9,500,000,000,000 kilometers
but how do we get to that result?
we calculate the distance that light would travel in a year
that is...
the distance you would go in a year going at the speed of light
So for you to get into andromeda
It will take you 2.5 million years...
traveling at the fastest speed of the universe, the speed of light
distance from the milky way to andromeda converted into kilometers
is 25,000,000,000,000,000 kilometers
is followed by 18 zeros
it's a very absurd distance
the andromeda galaxy has 1,000,000,000,000 stars
is a very large number compared to the Milky Way
then we are in the local group, in the Milky Way galaxy, in the solar system and on planet earth
Is there anything greater than a cluster of galaxies?
the answer is also yes
we call these superclusters
we are in the virgin supercluster
which have 100 clusters of galaxies
this cluster is so large that the diameter of it is of...
200,000,000 light-years
this is 80 times the distance between andromeda and the milky way
really is a very large diameter
then we are in the virgin supercluster, in the local group, in the Milky Way galaxy, in the solar system and on planet earth
Is there anything greater than a supercluster?
we do not know for sure...
some astronomers think there may be hyper-clusters that would be...
a set of superclusters
but this has not yet been proven and there may be
giant structures called '' Cosmic webs ''
which would only be observed at the edge of the observable universe and at the beginning of it
In the end, what we are sure is that the superclusters, clusters
the galaxies
the planets, the stars, the nebulae
natural satellites, comets
all this totality of astronomical objects
form what we call the universe
we estimate that the observable universe
is 46,000,000,000 light-years across
in other words....
the universe has 437,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kilometers!
I'm pretty sure you did not know there was such a move.
then we are in the observable universe, the virgin supercluster, the local group, the Milky Way galaxy, the solar system, and planet earth
and the question is: Why did I call the observable universe universe?
we believe there are 6 times more matter than we can detect
this matter we call dark matter
is undoubtedly one of the greatest mysteries of today's astrophysicists
without this number of dark matter in the calculations
was for the stars to be at a much slower rotation speed than observed
So all this universe I showed you now
probably represents only one-sixth of the total universe
we know nothing of dark matter can be...
be a matter that does not emit light
can be a matter of another geometric dimension
we do not know anything about her
the next astrophysicist who discovers this mystery
likely to win the Nobel Prize
and also according to the calculations...
it was for the universe to be decreasing in size
What happens in reality?
is that the universe is expanding and accelerating in the expansion
it's kinda weird to think of the expanding universe (because)
I do not know, the universe must be infinite but...
I'll show you an analogy like a bladder.
as you can see the universe is expanding
galaxies are moving away from each other
this is what we call the expansion of the universe
to explain this meaningless expansion
there must be more energy in the universe
which we still do not detect
we call it dark energy
without this energy in the calculations, the Big Bang and the expansion of the universe do not make sense
but as we know that the universe is really expanding
It's quite simple
all galaxies are moving away from the Milky Way
it would not make sense all galaxies at the same time to be moving away from us
it would only make sense if the whole universe was expanding
so if we get dark matter and dark energy
and compare with common matter
we arrived at this graph
That's pretty scary.
the whole matter of our universe
only represents 4% of the total universe
that is, all...
galaxies, planets, comets, natural satellites, stars...
everything is only 4% of the universe
and the question is: Are there other universes?
the answer is maybe
there are several theories of the existence of several universes
but so far we have been unable to prove any
but that does not mean that there are no other universes
'' the lack of evidence is not evidence of lack of evidence '' - Carl Sagan
but what am I in this universe?
Am I a miserable drop of water in a huge ocean?
Am I a grain of sand on a beach?
and the answer is
even that you are not
probably in the matter of water, you must be a molecule of H2O
in question of grains of sand
there are more stars than grains of sand on all the beaches on planet earth
so even you are not
but... do not think only this way
you can be small
but life as we know it in the universe seems to be quite rare
it was a tremendous luck the position of our planet
if it were closer to the sun the water would evaporate
if he went further the water would turn to ice
if evolution occurred a little differently
the human species would not exist
if a meteor does not deflect its route 2 centimeters to the left
and did not kill the dinosaurs we probably would not exist
among the thousands of spermatozoids
that would fertilize the ovule of his mother...
you were the only one to get on the egg in time, '' you won the race ''
in short, if we have the ability to perceive that we are nothing we are something
we really gave a real conscience
we have critical thoughts
and this is something quite important
something perhaps rare in the universe
we can be an atom in the universe
but there are universes within atoms
the stars forge all the elements that you know, uranium, platinum, gold...
everything was forged in the stars
including you
so we are made of stellar material
we are not part of the universe, we are the universe
all the atoms in your body came from the Big Bang
all its atoms are approximately 13,800,000,000 years old
the atoms in your left hand may have come from a different star than the atoms in your right hand
I think I made my hands wrong, but... You understand
you have more than 200 bones
more or less 60 organs
630 muscles
and trillions of red blood cells
the 02 you are breathing at the moment...
has been inhaled by all his ancestors
the human body has 10 trillion cells
it's awesome
7,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 atoms
this is 7 followed by 27 zeros
you have more atoms in your eye than the number of stars in the whole universe
you have more atoms in your body than the number of planets, stars, comets, etc. throughout the universe
You must be feeling great now.
and you're really right
even if we are not the center of the universe
is smaller than a grain of sand
even though we are an atom in the universe
at least we are not the center of our lives
if our life were the solar system you would be the sun
if our life were the moons of saturn you would be saturn
you are the only one responsible for your future
you have your book to do what you want
remember you are a universe in an atom
This is it, I hope you liked the video and understood the message.
If you liked, leave it to yourself.
share this video with your friends
Comment on comments if you have any suggestions
I wanted to thank João Carlos for always helping to make the scripts here on the channel and on Facebook
subscribe to the channel so you do not lose any videos like this
and that's it personal until the next video SPEAKED!
SUBTITLES: VINÍCIUS DUTRA
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